Factors affecting measurement of salivary cortisol and secretory immunoglobulin a in field studies of athletes

Journal article


Pritchard, Barry, Stanton, Warren, Lord, Roger, Petocz, Peter and Pepping, Gert J.. (2017). Factors affecting measurement of salivary cortisol and secretory immunoglobulin a in field studies of athletes. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 8(168), pp. 1 - 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00168
AuthorsPritchard, Barry, Stanton, Warren, Lord, Roger, Petocz, Peter and Pepping, Gert J.
Abstract

Aims: Biological and lifestyle factors, such as daily rhythm, caffeine ingestion, recent infection, and antibiotic intake, have been shown to influence measurements of salivary cortisol (SC) and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA). Current methodology in unsynchronized, field-based biomarker studies does not take these effects into account. Moreover, very little is known about the combined effects of biological and lifestyle factors on SC and sIgA. This study supports development of a protocol for measuring biomarkers from saliva collected in field studies by examining the individual and combined effects of these factors on SC and sIgA. Method: At three time points (start of the pre-season; start of playing season; and end of playing season), saliva samples were collected from the entire squad of 45 male players of an elite Australian Football club (mean age 22.8 ± 3.5 years). At each time, point daily rhythm and lifestyle factors were determined via a questionnaire, and concentrations of both SC and sIgA via an enzyme linked immuno-sorbent (ELISA) assay of saliva samples. In addition, player times to produce 0.5 mL of saliva were recorded. Results: Analysis of covariance of the data across the three time points showed that daily rhythm had a more consistent effect than the lifestyle factors of caffeine ingestion, recent infection, and antibiotic intake on SC, but not on sIgA. Data for sIgA and SC concentrations were then adjusted for the effects of daily rhythm and lifestyle factors, and correlational analysis of the pooled data was used to examine the relative effects of these two sources of influence on sIgA and SC. With the exception of time to produce saliva, the biological measures of stress were affected by players’ daily rhythms. When daily rhythm was taken into account the group of lifestyle factors did not have an additional effect. Discussion: It is recommended that future studies measuring SC and sIgA make additional adjustments for the daily rhythm, in particular time since first sight of daylight, as small measurement errors of biomarkers can confound discrimination among study participants.

Year2017
JournalFrontiers in Endocrinology
Journal citation8 (168), pp. 1 - 7
PublisherFrontiers Media S.A.
ISSN1664-2392
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00168
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85025666306
Open accessOpen access
Page range1 - 7
Research GroupSports Performance, Recovery, Injury and New Technologies (SPRINT) Research Centre
Publisher's version
Place of publicationSwitzerland
EditorsJ. Holly and D. LeRoith
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Lord, R. (2012). Mummies found at Bagawat. Ancient Egypt: The History, People and Culture of the Nile Valley. 13(3), pp. 7 - 8.
Base on balls for the Chapman strategy : Reassessing Brouwer, Brenner, and Smeets (2002)
Zaal, Frank TJM, Bongers, Raoul, Pepping, Gert-Jan and Bootsma, Reinoud. (2012). Base on balls for the Chapman strategy : Reassessing Brouwer, Brenner, and Smeets (2002). Attention, Perception & Psychophysics. 74(7), pp. 1488 - 1498. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-012-0328-6
On possibilities for action : The past, present and future of affordance research
Barsingerhorn, Annemiek D., Zaal, Frank TJM and Pepping, Gert-Jan. (2012). On possibilities for action : The past, present and future of affordance research. AVANT: Trends in Interdisciplinary Studies. 3(2), pp. 54 - 69.
Affordances shape pass kick behaviour in association football :Effects of distance and social context
Pepping, Gert-Jan, Heijmerikx, Johan and De Poel, Harjo J. (2011). Affordances shape pass kick behaviour in association football :Effects of distance and social context. Revista de Psicologia del Deporte. 20(2), pp. 709 - 727.
The relationship of transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus clinical muscle tests in patients with chronic low back pain
Hides, Julie Anne, Stanton, Warren Robert, Mendis, M. Dilani and Sexton, Margot. (2011). The relationship of transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus clinical muscle tests in patients with chronic low back pain. Manual Therapy (online version). 16(6), pp. 573 - 577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2011.05.007
Self-regulation of practice behaviour among elite youth soccer players :An exploratory study
Toering, Tynke, Elferink-Gemser, Marije T., Jordet, Geir, Pepping, Gert-Jan, Jorna, Casper and Visscher, Chris. (2011). Self-regulation of practice behaviour among elite youth soccer players :An exploratory study. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology. 23(1), pp. 110 - 128. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2010.534544
Risk factors for patellar tendinopathy :A systematic review of the literature
Van der Worp, Henk, van Ark, Mathijs, Roerink, Saskia, Pepping, Gert-Jan, van den Akker-Scheek, Inge and Zwerver, Johannes. (2011). Risk factors for patellar tendinopathy :A systematic review of the literature. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 45(5), pp. 446 - 452. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2011.084079
Screening the lumbopelvic muscles for a relationship to injury of the quadriceps, hamstrings, and adductor muscles among elite Australian football league players
Hides, Julie Anne, Brown, Cassandra, Penfold, Lachlan and Stanton, Warren Robert. (2011). Screening the lumbopelvic muscles for a relationship to injury of the quadriceps, hamstrings, and adductor muscles among elite Australian football league players. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports (online version). 41(10), pp. 767 - 775. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2011.3755
The effects of rehabilitation on the muscles of the trunk following prolonged bed rest
Hides, Julie Anne, Lambrecht, G., Richardson, C A., Stanton, W., Armbrecht, G., Pruett, C., Damann, V., Felsenberg, D. and Belavy, D.. (2011). The effects of rehabilitation on the muscles of the trunk following prolonged bed rest. European Spine Journal (online version). 20(5), pp. 808 - 818. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-010-1491-x
Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of regional abdominal muscle function in elite AFL players with and without low back pain
Hides, Julie Anne, Hughes, Brita and Stanton, Warren Robert. (2011). Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of regional abdominal muscle function in elite AFL players with and without low back pain. Manual Therapy (online version). 16(3), pp. 279 - 284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2010.11.009
Goalkeeping secrets of how to save penalties in soccer
Pepping, Gert-Jan. (2010). Goalkeeping secrets of how to save penalties in soccer. In In R. Bongers, S. Caljouw and E. Hartman & R. den Otter (Ed.). Smart movements: 25 years of Kinesiology Groningen pp. 92 - 93 Interfaculty Centre for Human Movement Sciences (ICBW) Groningen.
Psoas and quadratus lumborum muscle asymmetry among elite Australian Football League players
Hides, Julie Anne, Fan, Theresa, Stanton, Warren Robert, Stanton, P, McMahon, Catherine and Wilson, Stephen. (2010). Psoas and quadratus lumborum muscle asymmetry among elite Australian Football League players. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 44(8), pp. 563 - 567. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2008.048751
Consistency in size and asymmetry of the psoas major muscle among elite footballers
Stewart, Stephen, Stanton, Warren Robert, Wilson, Stephen and Hides, Julie Anne. (2010). Consistency in size and asymmetry of the psoas major muscle among elite footballers. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 44(16), pp. 1173 - 1177. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2009.058909
Validity of real-time ultrasound imaging to measure anterior hip muscle size: A comparison with magnetic resonance imaging
Mendis, Dilani, Wilson, Stephen, Stanton, Warren and Hides, Julie. (2010). Validity of real-time ultrasound imaging to measure anterior hip muscle size: A comparison with magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 40(9), pp. 577 - 581. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2010.3286
A magnetic resonance imaging investigation of the transversus abdominins muscle during drawing-in of the abdominal wall in elite Australian football league players with and without low back pain
Hides, Julie Anne, Boughen, Carly, Stanton, Warren Robert, Strudwick, Mark and Wilson, Steve. (2010). A magnetic resonance imaging investigation of the transversus abdominins muscle during drawing-in of the abdominal wall in elite Australian football league players with and without low back pain. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 40(1), pp. 4 - 10. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2010.3177
Emotional contagion in soccer penalty shootouts : Celebration of individual success is associated with ultimate team success
Moll, Tjerk, Jordet, Geir and Pepping, Gert-Jan. (2010). Emotional contagion in soccer penalty shootouts : Celebration of individual success is associated with ultimate team success. Journal of Sports Sciences. 28(9), pp. 983 - 992. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2010.484068
Retraining motor control of abdominal muscles among elite cricketers with low back pain
Hides, Julie Anne, Stanton, Warren Robert, Wilson, Stephen, Freke, Matt, McMahon, Shaun and Sims, K. (2010). Retraining motor control of abdominal muscles among elite cricketers with low back pain. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 20(6), pp. 834 - 842. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01019.x
Patient guided piezo-electric extracorporeal shockwave therapy as treatment for chronic severe patellar tendinopathy : A pilot study
Zwerver, Johannes, Dekker, Femke and Pepping, Gert-Jan. (2010). Patient guided piezo-electric extracorporeal shockwave therapy as treatment for chronic severe patellar tendinopathy : A pilot study. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 23(3), pp. 111 - 116. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-2010-0257
Effects of affordance perception on the initiation and actualization of action
Smith, Joanne and Pepping, Gert-Jan. (2010). Effects of affordance perception on the initiation and actualization of action. Ecological Psychology. 22(2), pp. 119 - 149. https://doi.org/10.1080/10407411003720080
The effect of chronic low back pain on size and contraction of the lumbar multifidus muscle
Wallwork, Tracy, Stanton, Warren, Freke, Matt and Hides, Julie. (2009). The effect of chronic low back pain on size and contraction of the lumbar multifidus muscle. Manual Therapy. 14(5), pp. 496 - 500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2008.09.006
Effect of prolonged bed rest on the anterior hip muscles
Mendis, Dilani, Hides, Julie, Wilson, Stephen, Grimaldi, Alison, Belavy, Daniel, Stanton, Warren, Felsenberg, Dieter, Rittweger, Jorn and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2009). Effect of prolonged bed rest on the anterior hip muscles. Gait & Posture. 30(4), pp. 533 - 537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.08.002
The association between degenerative hip joint pathology and size of the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and piriformis muscles
Grimaldi, Alison, Richardson, Carolyn, Stanton, Warren Robert, Durbridge, Gail, Donnelly, William and Hides, Julie Anne. (2009). The association between degenerative hip joint pathology and size of the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and piriformis muscles. Manual Therapy. 14(6), pp. 605 - 610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2009.07.004
Participation in sports by lower limb amputees in the Province of Drenthe, the Netherlands
Kars, Cojanne, Hofman, Marianne, Geertzen, Jan H.B., Pepping, Gert-Jan and Dekker, Rienk. (2009). Participation in sports by lower limb amputees in the Province of Drenthe, the Netherlands. Prosthetics and Orthotics International. 33(4), pp. 356 - 367. https://doi.org/10.3109/03093640902984579
The role of haptic exploration of ground surface information in perception of overhead reachability
Pepping, Gert-Jan and Li, Francois-Xavier. (2008). The role of haptic exploration of ground surface information in perception of overhead reachability. Journal of Motor Behavior. 40(6), pp. 491 - 498. https://doi.org/10.3200/JMBR.40.6.491-498
No effect of a graded training program on the number of running-related injuries in novice runners. A randomized controlled trial.
Buist, Ida, Bredeweg, Steef W., van Mechelen, Willem, Lemmink, Koen A. P. M., Pepping, Gert-Jan and Diercks, Ron L.. (2008). No effect of a graded training program on the number of running-related injuries in novice runners. A randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 36(1), pp. 33 - 39. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546507307505
MRI study of the size, symmetry and function of the trunk muscles among elite cricketers with and without low back pain
Hides, Julie, Stanton, Warren, Freke, Matt, Wilson, Stephen, McMahon, Shaun and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2008). MRI study of the size, symmetry and function of the trunk muscles among elite cricketers with and without low back pain. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 42(10), pp. 809 - 813. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2007.044024
TauG-guidance of transients in expressive musical performance
Schogler, Benjaman, Pepping, Gert-Jan and Lee, David N.. (2008). TauG-guidance of transients in expressive musical performance. Experimental Brain Research. 189(3), pp. 361 - 372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-008-1431-8
Resistive simulated weightbearing exercise with whole body vibration reduces lumbar spine deconditioning in bed-res
Belavy, Daniel, Hides, Julie, Wilson, Stephen, Stanton, Warren, Dimeo, Fernando, Rittweger, Jorn, Felsenberg, Dieter and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2008). Resistive simulated weightbearing exercise with whole body vibration reduces lumbar spine deconditioning in bed-res. Spine. 33(5), pp. 121 - 131. https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181657f98
Effect of stabilization training on multifidus muscle cross-sectional area among young elite cricketers with low back pain
Hides, Julie, Stanton, Warren, McMahon, Shaun, Si, K. and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2008). Effect of stabilization training on multifidus muscle cross-sectional area among young elite cricketers with low back pain. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 38(3), pp. 101 - 108. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2008.2658
Multifidus size and symmetry among chronic IBP and healthy asymptomatic subjects
Hides, Julie, Gilmore, Craig, Stanton, Warren and Bohlscheid, Emma. (2008). Multifidus size and symmetry among chronic IBP and healthy asymptomatic subjects. Manual Therapy. 13(1), pp. 43 - 49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2006.07.017
Cyclic pneumatic soft-tissue compression enhances recovery following fracture of the distal radius: a randomised controlled trial
Challis, Murray, Jull, Gwendolen, Stanton, Warren and Welsh, Mark. (2007). Cyclic pneumatic soft-tissue compression enhances recovery following fracture of the distal radius: a randomised controlled trial. Journal of Physiotherapy. 53(4), pp. 247 - 252. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(07)70005-3
Ultrasound imaging assessment of abdominal muscle function during drawing-in of the abdominal wall: an intrarater reliability study
Richardson, Carolyn A., Miokovic, Tanja, Belavy, Daniel, Stanton, Warren and Hides, Julie. (2007). Ultrasound imaging assessment of abdominal muscle function during drawing-in of the abdominal wall: an intrarater reliability study. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 37(8), pp. 480 - 486. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2007.2416
Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of trunk muscles during prolonged bed rest
Hides, Julie, Belavy, Daniel, Stanton, Warren, Wilson, Stephen, Rittweger, Jorn, Felsenberg, Dieter and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2007). Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of trunk muscles during prolonged bed rest. Spine. 32(15), pp. 1687 - 1692. https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e318074c386
Intrarater and interrater reliability of assessment of lumbar multifidus thickness using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging
Wallwork, Tracy, Hides, Julie and Stanton, Warren. (2007). Intrarater and interrater reliability of assessment of lumbar multifidus thickness using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 37(10), pp. 608 - 612. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2007.2418
Lateral positioning of ventilated intensive care patients: A study of oxygenation, respiratory mechanics, hemodynamics, and adverse events
Thomas, Peter, Paratz, Jennifer, Lipman, Jeffery and Stanton, Warren. (2007). Lateral positioning of ventilated intensive care patients: A study of oxygenation, respiratory mechanics, hemodynamics, and adverse events. Heart & Lung: the journal of acute and critical care. 36(4), pp. 277 - 286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2006.10.008
Determinants of stages of smoking uptake among secondary school students
Baade, Peter and Stanton, Warren. (2006). Determinants of stages of smoking uptake among secondary school students. Addictive Behaviors. 31(1), pp. 143 - 148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.04.007
Sitting posture affects pelvic floor muscle activity in parous women: An observational study
Sapsford, Ruth, Richardson, Carolyn A. and Stanton, Warren. (2006). Sitting posture affects pelvic floor muscle activity in parous women: An observational study. Journal of Physiotherapy. 52(3), pp. 219 - 222. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(06)70031-9
Predictors of smoking cessation processes among secondary school students
Stanton, Warren, Baade, Peter and Moffatt, Jenny. (2006). Predictors of smoking cessation processes among secondary school students. Substance Use and Misuse. 41(13), pp. 1683 - 1694. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826080601006284
An MRI investigation into the function of the transversus abdominis muscle during "drawing-in" of the abdominal wall
Hides, Julie, Wilson, Stephen, Stanton, Warren, McMahon, Shaun, Keto, Heidi, McMahon, Catherine, Bryant, Mary and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2006). An MRI investigation into the function of the transversus abdominis muscle during "drawing-in" of the abdominal wall. Spine. 31(6), pp. 175 - 178. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000202740.86338.df
Positioning practices for ventilated intensive care patients: Current practice, indications and contraindications
Thomas, Peter, Paratz, Jennifer, Stanton, Warren, Deans, Renae and Lipman, Jeffery. (2006). Positioning practices for ventilated intensive care patients: Current practice, indications and contraindications. Australian Critical Care. 19(4), pp. 122 - 132. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1036-7314(06)80025-1
Community perceptions of suspicious pigmented skin lesions: are they accurate when compared to general practitioners?
Baade, Peter, Balanda, Kevin, Stanton, Warren, Lowe, John and Del Mar, Chris B.. (2005). Community perceptions of suspicious pigmented skin lesions: are they accurate when compared to general practitioners? Cancer Epidemiology: the international journal of cancer epidemiology, detection and prevention. 29(3), pp. 267 - 275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdp.2004.06.007
MRI measures of the lumbo-pelvic muscles in bedrest and follow-up: Implications for exercise countermeasures in microgravity.
Richardson, Carolyn A., Hides, Julie, Wilson, Stephen, Belavy, Daniel, Stanton, Warren, McCook, D, Elmann-Larsen, B, Rittweger, Jorn and Felsenberg, Dieter. (2005). MRI measures of the lumbo-pelvic muscles in bedrest and follow-up: Implications for exercise countermeasures in microgravity. Journal of Gravitational Physiology. 12(1), pp. 117 - 118.
The effect of weightbearing exercise with low frequency, whole body vibration on lumbosacral proprioception: A pilot study on normal subjects
Fontana, Tania, Richardson, Carolyn A. and Stanton, Warren. (2005). The effect of weightbearing exercise with low frequency, whole body vibration on lumbosacral proprioception: A pilot study on normal subjects. Journal of Physiotherapy. 51(4), pp. 259 - 263. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(05)70007-6
Community perceptions of adequate levels and reasons for skin protection
Stanton, Warren, Moffatt, Jenny and Clavarino, Alexandra. (2005). Community perceptions of adequate levels and reasons for skin protection. Behavioral Medicine: relating behavior and health. 31(1), pp. 5 - 15. https://doi.org/10.3200/BMED.31.1.5-17
Guaiac versus immunochemical tests: Faecal occult blood test screening for colorectal cancer in a rural community
Hughes, Karen, Leggett, Barbara, Del Mar, Chris B., Croese, John, Fairley, Stephen, Masson, John, Aitken, Joanne, Clavarino, Alexandra, Janda, Monika, Stanton, Warren, Tong, Shilu and Newman, Beth. (2005). Guaiac versus immunochemical tests: Faecal occult blood test screening for colorectal cancer in a rural community. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. 29(4), pp. 358 - 364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842X.2005.tb00207.x
Suntans and sun protection in Australian teen media: 1999 to 2000
McDermott, Liane, Lowe, John, Stanton, Warren and Clavarino, Alexandra. (2005). Suntans and sun protection in Australian teen media: 1999 to 2000. Health Education & Behavior. 32(4), pp. 504 - 513. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198105276214
Predictors of responsiveness to physiotherapy management of cervicogenic headache
Jull, Gwendolen and Stanton, Warren. (2005). Predictors of responsiveness to physiotherapy management of cervicogenic headache. Cephalalgia: an international journal of headache. 25(2), pp. 101 - 108. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00811.x
Smoking and parenting among males in low socio-economic occupations
Moffatt, Jenny and Stanton, Warren. (2005). Smoking and parenting among males in low socio-economic occupations. International Journal of Health Promotion and Education. 43(3), pp. 81 - 86. https://doi.org/10.1080/14635240.2005.10708045