Young and free? A study of independent mobility among urban and rural dwelling Australian children

Journal article

Carver, Alison, Timperio, Anna F. and Crawford, David A.. (2012). Young and free? A study of independent mobility among urban and rural dwelling Australian children. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 15(6), pp. 505 - 510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.03.005
AuthorsCarver, Alison, Timperio, Anna F. and Crawford, David A.
Abstract

Objectives: To examine urban/rural differences in children’s independent mobility; associations between mobility licences and children’s independent mobility; and potential correlates of mobility licences. Design: Cross-sectional study of 430 primary (48% boys; 72% urban) and 258 secondary schoolchildren (52% boys; 51.6% urban) and their parents. Methods: Parents survey reported the mobility licences they granted to their children (e.g. allowing them to cross main roads on their own), access to outdoor playspaces and mobile phone ownership. Children survey reported their independent mobility on school journeys and on weekends. Differences were examined in mobility licences and independent mobility by sex, urban/rural setting and age-group. Regression analyses examined associations between mobility licences and independent mobility; and how access to playspaces, and mobile phone ownership, were associated with mobility licences. Results: Overall, on average, boys were granted more mobility licences, than were girls, but there were no significant differences by urban/rural location. Variations in independent mobility by urban/rural locality were identified on the school journey but not on weekends. Boys attending urban primary schools had highest rates (44%) of walking/cycling independently to school; those attending rural secondary schools had the lowest (14%). Among urban boys and rural primary school-aged girls access to outdoor playspaces was associated with mobility licences. Mobile phone ownership was associated with mobility licences only among boys attending urban primary schools. Conclusions: Many Australian children in urban and rural areas lack independent mobility. Further research should examine social/physical environmental influences on parental restrictions, to inform interventions that aim to promote children’s independent mobility. © 2012 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

KeywordsChild; Adolescent; Active transport; Residence characteristics; Cellular phone
Year2012
JournalJournal of Science and Medicine in Sport
Journal citation15 (6), pp. 505 - 510
PublisherSports Medicine Australia
ISSN1440-2440
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.03.005
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84867979362
Page range505 - 510
Research GroupInstitute for Health and Ageing
Publisher's version
File Access Level
Controlled
Place of publicationUnited Kingdom
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How active are people in metropolitan parks? An observational study of park visitation in Australia
Veitch, Jenny, Carver, Alison, Abbott, Gavin, Giles-Corti, Billie, Timperio, Anna and Salmon, Jo. (2015). How active are people in metropolitan parks? An observational study of park visitation in Australia. BMC Public Health. 15(610), pp. 1 - 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1960-6
Bicycles gathering dust rather than raising dust - Prevalence and predictors of cycling among Australian schoolchildren
Carver, Alison, Timperio, Anna F. and Crawford, David A.. (2015). Bicycles gathering dust rather than raising dust - Prevalence and predictors of cycling among Australian schoolchildren. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 18(5), pp. 540 - 544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.07.004
Exploring associations between parental and peer variables, personal variables and physical activity among adolescents: A mediation analysis
Verloigne, Maïté, Veitch, Jenny, Carver, Alison, Salmon, Jo, Cardon, Greet, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse and Timperio, Anna. (2014). Exploring associations between parental and peer variables, personal variables and physical activity among adolescents: A mediation analysis. BMC Public Health. 14(966), pp. 1 - 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-966
Are independent mobility and territorial range associated with park visitation among youth?
Veitch, Jenny, Carver, Alison, Hume, Clare, Crawford, David, Timperio, Anna, Ball, Kylie and Salmon, Jo. (2014). Are independent mobility and territorial range associated with park visitation among youth? International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 11(1), pp. 1 - 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-11-73
Independent mobility on the journey to school: A joint cross-sectional and prospective exploration of social and physical environmental influences
Carver, Alison, Panter, Jenna R., Jones, Andrew P. and Van Sluijs, Esther. (2014). Independent mobility on the journey to school: A joint cross-sectional and prospective exploration of social and physical environmental influences. Journal of Transport and Health. 1(1), pp. 25 - 32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2013.12.003
Exploring associations between parental and peer variables, personal variables and physical activity among adolescents: A mediation analysis
Verloigne, Maïté, Veitch, Jenny, Carver, Alison, Salmon, Jo, Cardon, Greet, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse and Timperio, Anna. (2014). Exploring associations between parental and peer variables, personal variables and physical activity among adolescents: A mediation analysis. BMC Public Health. 14(1), pp. 1 - 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-966
Active transport, independent mobility and territorial range among children residing in disadvantaged areas
Carver, Alison, Veitch, Jenny, Sahlqvist, Shannon, Crawford, David and Hume, Clare. (2014). Active transport, independent mobility and territorial range among children residing in disadvantaged areas. Journal of Transport and Health. 1(4), pp. 267 - 273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2014.01.004
A natural experiment to examine the impact of park renewal on park-use and park-based physical activity in a disadvantaged neighbourhood: The REVAMP study methods
Veitch, Jenny, Salmon, Jo, Carver, Alison, Timperio, Anna, Crawford, David, Fletcher, Elly and Giles-Corti, Billie. (2014). A natural experiment to examine the impact of park renewal on park-use and park-based physical activity in a disadvantaged neighbourhood: The REVAMP study methods. BMC Public Health. 14(600), pp. 1 - 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-600
Effective recruitment and retention strategies in community health programs
McCann, Jennifer, Ridgers, Nicola D., Carver, Alison, Thornton, Lukar E. and Teychenne, Megan. (2013). Effective recruitment and retention strategies in community health programs. Health Promotion Journal of Australia. 24(2), pp. 104 - 110. https://doi.org/10.1071/HE13042
Parental chauffeurs: What drives their transport choice?
Carver, Alison, Timperio, Anna and Crawford, David. (2013). Parental chauffeurs: What drives their transport choice? Journal of Transport Geography. 26, pp. 72 - 77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.08.017
A comparison study of children's independent mobility in England and Australia
Carver, Alison, Watson, Ben, Shaw, Ben and Hillman, Mayer. (2013). A comparison study of children's independent mobility in England and Australia. Children's Geographies. 11(4), pp. 461 - 475. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2013.812303
Maternal Misconceptions of Weight Status among Nepean Adolescents
Shrewsbury, Vanessa A., Garnett, S. P., Campbell, Karen, Carver, Alison, Torvaldsen, Siranda, Steinbeck, Katharine S., Cowell, Chris T. and Baur, Louise A.. (2012). Maternal Misconceptions of Weight Status among Nepean Adolescents. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 112(12), pp. 2007 - 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2012.08.024
How does perceived risk mediate associations between perceived safety and parental restriction of adolescents' physical activity in their neighborhood?
Carver, Alison, Timperio, Anna, Hesketh, Kylie and Crawford, David. (2012). How does perceived risk mediate associations between perceived safety and parental restriction of adolescents' physical activity in their neighborhood? International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 9(1), pp. 1 - 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-9-57
How is active transport associated with children's and adolescents' physical activity over time?
Carver, Alison, Timperio, Anna F., Hesketh, Kylie D., Ridgers, Nicola D., Salmon, Jo L. and Crawford, David A.. (2011). How is active transport associated with children's and adolescents' physical activity over time? International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 8(126), p. 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-8-126