Emotion regulation and the temporal dynamics of emotions: Effects of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression on emotional inertia

Journal article

Koval, Peter, Butler, Emily A., Hollenstein, Tom, Lanteigne, Dianna and Kuppens, Peter. (2015). Emotion regulation and the temporal dynamics of emotions: Effects of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression on emotional inertia. Cognition and Emotion. 29(5), pp. 831 - 851. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2014.948388
AuthorsKoval, Peter, Butler, Emily A., Hollenstein, Tom, Lanteigne, Dianna and Kuppens, Peter
Abstract

The tendency for emotions to be predictable over time, labelled emotional inertia, has been linked to low well-being and is thought to reflect impaired emotion regulation. However, almost no studies have examined how emotion regulation relates to emotional inertia. We examined the effects of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression on the inertia of behavioural, subjective and physiological measures of emotion. In Study 1 (N = 111), trait suppression was associated with higher inertia of negative behaviours. We replicated this finding experimentally in Study 2 (N = 186). Furthermore, in Study 2, instructed suppressors and reappraisers both showed higher inertia of positive behaviours, and reappraisers displayed higher inertia of heart rate. Neither suppression nor reappraisal were associated with the inertia of subjective feelings in either study. Thus, the effects of suppression and reappraisal on the temporal dynamics of emotions depend on the valence and emotional response component in question.

Keywordsemotional inertia; emotion dynamics; emotion regulation; cognitive reappraisal; expressive suppression
Year2015
JournalCognition and Emotion
Journal citation29 (5), pp. 831 - 851
PublisherRoutledge
ISSN0269-9931
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2014.948388
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84929664606
Page range831 - 851
Publisher's version
File Access Level
Controlled
Place of publicationUnited Kingdom
EditorsS. L. Koole and K. Rothermund
Permalink -

https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8688z/emotion-regulation-and-the-temporal-dynamics-of-emotions-effects-of-cognitive-reappraisal-and-expressive-suppression-on-emotional-inertia

Log in to edit

Restricted files

Publisher's version

  • 137
    total views
  • 0
    total downloads
  • 3
    views this month
  • 0
    downloads this month
These values are for the period from 19th October 2020, when this repository was created.

Export as

Related outputs

Positive and meaningful lives : Systematic review and meta-analysis of eudaimonic well-being in first-episode psychosis
Gleeson, John F. M., Eleftheriadis, Dina, Santesteban-Echarri, Olga, Koval, Peter, Bastian, Brock, Penn, David L., Lim, Michelle H., Ryan, Richard M. and Alvarez-Jimenez, Mario. (2021). Positive and meaningful lives : Systematic review and meta-analysis of eudaimonic well-being in first-episode psychosis. Early Intervention in Psychiatry. 15(5), pp. 1072-1091. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.13049
A pilot trial of moderated online social therapy for family and friends of young people with borderline personality disorder features
Gleeson, John, Alvarez-Jimenez, Mario, Betts, Jennifer K., McCutcheon, Louise, Jovev, Martina, Lederman, Reeva, Herrman, Helen, Cotton, Susan M., Bendall, Sarah, McKechnie, Ben, Burke, Emma, Koval, Peter, Smith, Jesse, D'Alfonso, Simon, Mallawaarachchi, Sumudu and Chanen, Andrew M.. (2021). A pilot trial of moderated online social therapy for family and friends of young people with borderline personality disorder features. Early Intervention in Psychiatry. 15(6), pp. 1564-1574. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.13094
Neuroticism may not reflect emotional variability
Kalokerinos, Elise K., Murphy, Sean C., Koval, Peter, Bailen, Natasha H., Crombez, Geert, Hollenstein, Tom, Gleeson, John, Thompson, Renee J., Van Ryckeghem, Dimitri M. L., Kuppens, Peter and Bastian, Brock. (2020). Neuroticism may not reflect emotional variability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA. 117(17), pp. 9270-9276. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919934117
Modeling individual differences in emotion regulation repertoire in daily life with multilevel latent profile analysis
Grommisch, Gloria, Koval, Peter, Hinton, Jordan D. X., Gleeson, John, Hollenstein, Tom, Kuppens, Peter and Lischetzke, Tanja. (2020). Modeling individual differences in emotion regulation repertoire in daily life with multilevel latent profile analysis. Emotion. 20(8), pp. 1462-1474. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000669
Can antipsychotic dose reduction lead to better functional recovery in first-episode psychosis? A randomized controlled-trial of antipsychotic dose reduction. The reduce trial : Study protocol
Weller, Amber, Gleeson, John, Alvarez-Jimenez, Mario, McGorry, Patrick, Nelson, Barnaby, Allott, Kelly, Bendall, Sarah, Bartholomeusz, Cali, Koval, Peter, Harrigan, Susy, O'Donoghue, Brian, Fornito, Alex, Pantelis, Christos, Paul Amminger, G., Ratheesh, Aswin, Polari, Andrea, Wood, Stephen J., van der El, Kristi, Ellinghaus, Carli, ... Killackey, Eóin. (2019). Can antipsychotic dose reduction lead to better functional recovery in first-episode psychosis? A randomized controlled-trial of antipsychotic dose reduction. The reduce trial : Study protocol. Early Intervention in Psychiatry: the development, onset and treatment of emerging mental disorders. 13(6), pp. 1345-1356. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.12769
How does it feel to be treated like an object? Direct and indirect effects of exposure to sexual objectification on women's emotions in daily life
Koval, Peter, Holland, Elise, Zyphur, Michael J., Stratemeyer, Michelle, Knight, Jennifer Makovec, Bailen, Natasha H., Thompson, Renee J., Roberts, Tomi-Ann and Haslam, Nick. (2019). How does it feel to be treated like an object? Direct and indirect effects of exposure to sexual objectification on women's emotions in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 116(6), pp. 885-898. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000161
HORYZONS trial : Protocol for a randomised controlled trial of a moderated online social therapy to maintain treatment effects from firstepisode psychosis services
Alvarez-Jimenez, Mario, Bendall, Sarah, Koval, Peter, Rice, Simon, Cagliarini, Daniela, Valentine, Lee, D’Alfonso, Simon, Miles, Christopher, Russon, Penni, Penn, David L., Phillips, Jess, Lederman, Reeva, Wadley, Greg, Killackey, Eoin, Santesteban-Echarri, Olga, Mihalopoulos, Cathrine, Herrman, Helen, Gonzalez-Blanch, Cesar, Gilbertson, Tamsyn, ... Gleeson, John F.. (2019). HORYZONS trial : Protocol for a randomised controlled trial of a moderated online social therapy to maintain treatment effects from firstepisode psychosis services. BMJ Open. 9(2), p. e024104.
The relation between valence and arousal in subjective experience varies with personality and culture
Kuppens, Peter, Tuerlinckx, Francis, Yik, Michelle, Koval, Peter, Coosemans, Joachim, Zeng, Kevin J. and Russell, James A.. (2017). The relation between valence and arousal in subjective experience varies with personality and culture. Journal of Personality. 85(4), pp. 530 - 542. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12258
Moderated online social therapy for carers of young people recovering from firstepisode psychosis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Gleeson, John, Lederman, Reeva, Herrman, Helen, Koval, Peter, Eleftheriadis, Dina, Bendall, Sarah, Cotton, Sue and Alvarez-Jimenez, Mario. (2017). Moderated online social therapy for carers of young people recovering from firstepisode psychosis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. 18, pp. 1 - 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-016-1775-5
Moderated online social therapy: A model for reducing stress in carers of young people diagnosed with mental health disorders
Gleeson, John, Lederman, Reeva, Koval, Peter, Wadley, Greg, Bendall, Sarah, Cotton, Sue, Herrman, Helen, Crisp, Kingsley and Alvarez-Jimenez, Mario. (2017). Moderated online social therapy: A model for reducing stress in carers of young people diagnosed with mental health disorders. Frontiers in Psychology. 8, pp. 1 - 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00485
The wisdom to know the difference : Strategy-situation fit in emotion regulation in daily life is associated with well-being
Haines, Simon J., Gleeson, John, Kuppens, Peter, Hollenstein, Tom, Ciarrochi, Joseph, Labuschagne, Izelle, Grace, Caitlin and Koval, Peter. (2016). The wisdom to know the difference : Strategy-situation fit in emotion regulation in daily life is associated with well-being. Psychological Science. 27(12), pp. 1651-1659. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797616669086
Moderated online social therapy for depression relapse prevention in young people: Pilot study of a 'next generation' online intervention
Rice, Simon, Gleeson, John, Davey, Christopher G., Hetrick, Sarah, Parker, Alexandra, Lederman, Reeva, Wadley, Greg, Murray, Greg, Herrman, Helen, Chambers, Richard, Russon, Penni, Miles, Christopher, D'Alfonso, Simon, Thurley, Melissa, Chinnery, Gina, Gilbertson, Tamsyn, Eleftheriadis, Dina, Barlow, Emma, Cagliarini, Daniella, ... Alvarez-Jimenez, Mario. (2016). Moderated online social therapy for depression relapse prevention in young people: Pilot study of a 'next generation' online intervention. Early Intervention in Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.12354
Sharing the burden: The interpersonal regulation of emotional arousal in mother-daughter dyads
Lougheed, Jessica, Koval, Peter and Hollenstein, Tom. (2016). Sharing the burden: The interpersonal regulation of emotional arousal in mother-daughter dyads. Emotion. 16(1), pp. 83 - 93. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000105
Emotional inertia is associated with lower well-being when controlling for differences in emotional context
Koval, Peter, Sutterlin, Stefan and Kuppens, Peter. (2016). Emotional inertia is associated with lower well-being when controlling for differences in emotional context. Frontiers in Psychology. 6, pp. 1 - 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01997
Emotional inertia contributes to depressive symptoms beyond perseverative thinking
Brose, Annette, Schmiedek, Florian, Koval, Peter and Kuppens, Peter. (2015). Emotional inertia contributes to depressive symptoms beyond perseverative thinking. Cognition and Emotion. 29(3), pp. 527 - 538. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2014.916252
The contribution of emotional empathy to approachability judgments assigned to emotional faces is context specific
Willis, Megan, Lawson, Danielle, Ridley, Nicole, Koval, Peter and Rendell, Peter. (2015). The contribution of emotional empathy to approachability judgments assigned to emotional faces is context specific. Frontiers in Psychology (online). 6, pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01209
The role of valence focus and appraisal overlap in emotion differentiation
Erbas, Yasemin, Ceuelmans, Eva, Koval, Peter and Kuppens, Peter. (2015). The role of valence focus and appraisal overlap in emotion differentiation. Emotion. 15(3), pp. 373 - 382. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000039
Social functioning trajectories of young first-episode psychosis patients with and without cannabis misuse: A 30-month follow-up study
González-Blanch, César, Gleeson, John, Koval, Peter, Cotton, Sue, McGorry, Patrick and Alvarez-Jimenez, Mario. (2015). Social functioning trajectories of young first-episode psychosis patients with and without cannabis misuse: A 30-month follow-up study. PLoS One (online). 10(4), pp. 1 - 14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122404
Distinguishing between level and impact of rumination as predictors of depressive symptoms: An experience sampling study
Pasyugina, Irina, Koval, Peter, De Leersnyder, Jozefien, Mesquita, Batja and Kuppens, Peter. (2015). Distinguishing between level and impact of rumination as predictors of depressive symptoms: An experience sampling study. Cognition and Emotion. 29(4), pp. 736 - 746. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2014.932755
Emotional inertia and external events: The roles of exposure, reactivity, and recovery
Koval, Peter, Brose, Annette, Pe, Madeline L., Houben, Marlies, Erbas, Yasemine, Champagne, Dominique, Kuppens, Peter and Peter,. (2015). Emotional inertia and external events: The roles of exposure, reactivity, and recovery. Emotion. 15(5), pp. 625 - 636. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000059
Sad and alone: Social expectancies for experiencing negative emotions are linked to feelings of loneliness
Bastian, Brock, Koval, Peter, Erbas, Yasemin, Houben, Marlies, Pe, Madeline, Kuppens, Peter and Peter,. (2015). Sad and alone: Social expectancies for experiencing negative emotions are linked to feelings of loneliness. Social Psychological and Personality Science. 6(5), pp. 496 - 503. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550614568682
Updating in working memory predicts greater emotion reactivity to and facilitated recovery from negative emotion-eliciting stimuli
Pe, Madelaine L., Koval, Peter, Houben, Marlies, Erbas, Yasemin, Champagne, Dominique and Kuppens, Peter. (2015). Updating in working memory predicts greater emotion reactivity to and facilitated recovery from negative emotion-eliciting stimuli. Frontiers in Psychology (online). 6(March), pp. 1 - 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00372
Negative emotion differentiation: Its personality and well-being correlates and a comparison of different assessment methods
Erbas, Yasemin, Ceulemans, Eva, Pe, Madeline Lee, Koval, Peter and Kuppens, Peter. (2014). Negative emotion differentiation: Its personality and well-being correlates and a comparison of different assessment methods. Cognition and Emotion. 28(7), pp. 1196 - 1213. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2013.875890
Executive well-being: Updating of positive stimuli in working memory is associated with subjective well-being
Pe, Madeline Lee, Koval, Peter and Kuppens, Peter. (2013). Executive well-being: Updating of positive stimuli in working memory is associated with subjective well-being. Cognition. 126(2), pp. 335 - 340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2012.10.002
Interference resolution moderates the impact of rumination and reappraisal on affective experiences in daily life
Pe, Madeline Lee, Raes, Filip, Koval, Peter, Brans, Karen, Verduyn, Philippe and Kuppens, Peter. (2013). Interference resolution moderates the impact of rumination and reappraisal on affective experiences in daily life. Cognition and Emotion. 27(3), pp. 492 - 501. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2012.719489
The regulation of negative and positive affect in daily life
Brans, Karen, Koval, Peter, Verduyn, Phillipe, Lim, Yan Lin and Kuppens, Peter. (2013). The regulation of negative and positive affect in daily life. Emotion. 13(5), pp. 926 - 939. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032400
Affect dynamics in relation to depressive symptoms: Variable, unstable or inert?
Koval, Peter, Pe, Madeline Lee, Meers, Kristof and Kuppens, Peter. (2013). Affect dynamics in relation to depressive symptoms: Variable, unstable or inert? Emotion. 13(6), pp. 1132 - 1141. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033579
The relationship between arousal and the remembered duration of positive events
Frederickx, Sofie, Verduyn, Philippe, Koval, Peter, Brans, Karen, Brunner, Bettina, De Laet, Isabelle, Ogrinz, Barbara, Pe, Madeline and Hofmans, Joeri. (2013). The relationship between arousal and the remembered duration of positive events. Applied Cognitive Psychology. 27(4), pp. 493 - 496. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.2926
Our flaws are more human than yours: Ingroup bias in humanizing negative characteristics
Koval, Peter, Laham, Simon M., Haslam, Nick, Bastian, Brock and Whelan, Jennifer A.. (2012). Our flaws are more human than yours: Ingroup bias in humanizing negative characteristics. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 38(3), pp. 283 - 295. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167211423777
Changing emotion dynamics: individual differences in the effect of anticipatory social stress on emotional inertia.
Koval, Peter and Kuppens, Peter. (2012). Changing emotion dynamics: individual differences in the effect of anticipatory social stress on emotional inertia. Emotion. 12(2), pp. 256 - 267. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024756
The name-pronunciation effect: Why people like Mr. Smith more than Mr. Colquhoun
Laham, Simon M., Koval, Peter and Alter, Adam L.. (2012). The name-pronunciation effect: Why people like Mr. Smith more than Mr. Colquhoun. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 48(3), pp. 752 - 756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2011.12.002
Getting stuck in depression: The roles of rumination and emotional inertia
Koval, Peter, Kuppens, Peter, Allen, Nicholas B. and Sheeber, Lisa. (2012). Getting stuck in depression: The roles of rumination and emotional inertia. Cognition and Emotion. 26(8), pp. 1412 - 1427. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2012.667392
Feeling bad about being sad: The role of social expectancies in amplifying negative mood
Bastian, Brock, Kuppens, Peter, Hornsey, Matthew J., Park, Joohna, Koval, Peter and Uchida, Yukiko. (2012). Feeling bad about being sad: The role of social expectancies in amplifying negative mood. Emotion. 12(1), pp. 69 - 80. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024755
Reconsidering Culture and Self
Kashima, Yoshihisa, Koval, Peter and Kashima, Emiko S.. (2011). Reconsidering Culture and Self. Psychological Studies. 56(1), pp. 12 - 22.
Blaming, praising, and protecting our humanity: The implications of everyday dehumanization for judgments of moral status
Bastian, Brock, Laham, Simon M., Wilson, Sam, Haslam, Nick and Koval, Peter. (2011). Blaming, praising, and protecting our humanity: The implications of everyday dehumanization for judgments of moral status. British Journal of Social Psychology. 50(3), pp. 469 - 483. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466610X521383
Essentialist beliefs predict automatic motor-responses to social categories
Bastian, Brock, Loughnan, Stephen and Koval, Peter. (2011). Essentialist beliefs predict automatic motor-responses to social categories. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations. 14(4), pp. 559 - 567. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368430210385258
Possible research area bias in the Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA) draft journal rankings
Haslam, Nick and Koval, Peter. (2010). Possible research area bias in the Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA) draft journal rankings. Australian Journal of Psychology. 62(2), pp. 112 - 114. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530903334489