Trends in modifiable risk factors are associated with declining incidence of hospitalized and nonhospitalized acute coronary heart disease in a population

Journal article


Mannsverk, Jan, Wilsgaard, Tom, Mathiesen, Ellisiv Bøgeberg, Løchen, Maja-Lisa, Rasmussen, Knut, Thelle, Dag S., Njølstad, Inger, Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter and Bønaa, Kaare Harald. (2016). Trends in modifiable risk factors are associated with declining incidence of hospitalized and nonhospitalized acute coronary heart disease in a population. Circulation. 133(1), pp. 74 - 81. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.016960
AuthorsMannsverk, Jan, Wilsgaard, Tom, Mathiesen, Ellisiv Bøgeberg, Løchen, Maja-Lisa, Rasmussen, Knut, Thelle, Dag S., Njølstad, Inger, Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter and Bønaa, Kaare Harald
Abstract

Background: Few studies have used individual person data to study whether contemporary trends in the incidence of coronary heart disease are associated with changes in modifiable coronary risk factors. Methods and Results: We identified 29 582 healthy men and women ≥25 years of age who participated in 3 population surveys conducted between 1994 and 2008 in Tromsø, Norway. Age- and sex-adjusted incidence rates were calculated for coronary heart disease overall, out-of-hospital sudden death, and hospitalized ST-segment–elevation and non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. We measured coronary risk factors at each survey and estimated the relationship between changes in risk factors and changes in incidence trends. A total of 1845 participants had an incident acute coronary heart disease event during 375 064 person-years of follow-up from 1994 to 2010. The age- and sex-adjusted incidence of total coronary heart disease decreased by 3% ( 95% confidence interval, 2.0–4.0; P < 0.001 ) each year. This decline was driven by decreases in out-of-hospital sudden death and hospitalized ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. Changes in coronary risk factors accounted for 66% ( 95% confidence interval, 48–97; P < 0.001 ) of the decline in total coronary heart disease. Favorable changes in cholesterol contributed 32% to the decline, whereas blood pressure, smoking, and physical activity each contributed 14%, 13%, and 9%, respectively. Conclusions: We observed a substantial decline in the incidence of coronary heart disease that was driven by reductions in out-of-hospital sudden death and hospitalized ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. Changes in modifiable coronary risk factors accounted for 66% of the decline in coronary heart disease events.

Keywordscoronary disease; epidemiology; incidence; mortality; myocardial infarction; risk factors
Year2016
JournalCirculation
Journal citation133 (1), pp. 74 - 81
PublisherLippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISSN0009-7322
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.016960
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84953837722
Open accessOpen access
Page range74 - 81
Research GroupMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Publisher's version
Place of publicationUnited States
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