The relationship between exercise, nutrition and type 2 diabetes
Journal article
Stephenson, Erin J., Smiles, William and Hawley, John Alan. (2014). The relationship between exercise, nutrition and type 2 diabetes. Medicine and Sport Science. 60, pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.1159/000357331
Authors | Stephenson, Erin J., Smiles, William and Hawley, John Alan |
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Abstract | Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its precursor, insulin resistance, are metabolic disease states characterized by impaired regulation in the delivery, transport, and/or storage of energy substrates (primarily carbohydrate- and fat-based fuels). A hallmark feature of patients with type 2 diabetes is prolonged periods of hyperglycemia due to a decreased responsiveness of metabolically active peripheral tissues to the actions of insulin (i.e. metabolic inflexibility). Accordingly, efforts to modify skeletal muscle substrate handling in type 2 diabetes patients so that the capacity for fat oxidation and metabolic flexibility is improved should be a primary goal for the treatment of these disorders. Two potent interventions for improving whole-body glucose homeostasis are exercise and diet. A single bout of either resistance or endurance exercise reduces the prevalence and duration of hyperglycemic excursions in patients with type 2 diabetes, an effect lasting well into the next day. With regard to diet, the carbohydrate content of a meal and the glycemic index (GI) of the carbohydrate consumed are both major determinants of the postprandial glycemic response. Diets containing high-GI carbohydrates have been shown to be independent risk factors for type 2 diabetes onset, while in obese insulin-resistant individuals, low-GI diets are effective for inducing both weight loss and improving insulin action and glucose tolerance. The implementation of physical activity and dietary modifications are effective low-cost treatment options for controlling hyperglycemic episodes in patients with type 2 diabetes. |
Year | 2014 |
Journal | Medicine and Sport Science |
Journal citation | 60, pp. 1 - 10 |
Publisher | S. Karger AG |
ISSN | 0254-5020 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1159/000357331 |
Scopus EID | 2-s2.0-84929572240 |
Page range | 1 - 10 |
Research Group | Sports Performance, Recovery, Injury and New Technologies (SPRINT) Research Centre |
Publisher's version | File Access Level Controlled |
Place of publication | Switzerland |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/87998/the-relationship-between-exercise-nutrition-and-type-2-diabetes
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