A theoretical analysis showed that blinding cannot eliminate potential for bias associated with beliefs about allocation in randomized clinical trials

Journal article


Mathieu, Erin, Herbert, Robert, McGeechan, Kevin, Herbert, Jemma and Barratt, Alexandra. (2014). A theoretical analysis showed that blinding cannot eliminate potential for bias associated with beliefs about allocation in randomized clinical trials. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 67(6), pp. 667 - 671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.02.001
AuthorsMathieu, Erin, Herbert, Robert, McGeechan, Kevin, Herbert, Jemma and Barratt, Alexandra
Abstract

Objectives: To explore the theoretical justification for blinding in randomized trials and make recommendations concerning the implementation and interpretation of blinded randomized trials.

Study: Design and Setting A theoretical analysis was conducted of the potential for bias in randomized trials with successful blinding (ie, trials in which beliefs about allocation to treatment or control groups are independent of actual allocation). The analysis identified conditions that must be satisfied to ensure that blinding eliminates the potential for bias associated with beliefs about allocation.

Results: Even when beliefs about allocation are independent of actual allocation, they can still cause bias. The potential for bias is eliminated when the belief is uniformly one of complete ambivalence about allocation.

Conclusion: Even when blinding succeeds in making beliefs about allocation independent of actual allocation, beliefs about allocation may still cause bias. It is difficult to determine the extent of bias in any particular trial. Bias could be eliminated by establishing a state of complete ambivalence about the allocation of every trial participant, but universal ambivalence may be difficult to achieve and may reduce the generalizability of the trial's findings.

Keywordsblinding; masking; clinical trials; randomized controlled trials; RCTs; bias
Year2014
JournalJournal of Clinical Epidemiology
Journal citation67 (6), pp. 667 - 671
PublisherElsevier Inc.
ISSN1878-5921
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.02.001
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84899431363
Page range667 - 671
Research GroupSchool of Allied Health
Publisher's version
File Access Level
Controlled
Place of publicationUnited States of America
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