Anabolic heterogeneity following resistance training: A role for Circadian rhythm?

Journal article


Camera, Donny M.. (2018). Anabolic heterogeneity following resistance training: A role for Circadian rhythm? Frontiers in Physiology. 9, pp. 1 - 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00569
AuthorsCamera, Donny M.
Abstract

It is now well established that resistance exercise stimulates muscle protein synthesis and promotes gains in muscle mass and strength. However, considerable variability exists following standardized resistance training programs in the magnitude of muscle cross-sectional area and strength responses from one individual to another. Several studies have recently posited that alterations in satellite cell population, myogenic gene expression and microRNAs may contribute to individual variability in anabolic adaptation. One emerging factor that may also explain the variability in responses to resistance exercise is circadian rhythms and underlying molecular clock signals. The molecular clock is found in most cells within the body, including skeletal muscle, and principally functions to optimize the timing of specific cellular events around a 24 h cycle. Accumulating evidence investigating the skeletal muscle molecular clock indicates that exercise-induced contraction and its timing may regulate gene expression and protein synthesis responses which, over time, can influence and modulate key physiological responses such as muscle hypertrophy and increased strength. Therefore, the circadian clock may play a key role in the heterogeneous anabolic responses with resistance exercise. The central aim of this Hypothesis and Theory is to discuss and propose the potential interplay between the circadian molecular clock and established molecular mechanisms mediating muscle anabolic responses with resistance training. This article begins with a current review of the mechanisms associated with the heterogeneity in muscle anabolism with resistance training before introducing the molecular pathways regulating circadian function in skeletal muscle. Recent work showing members of the core molecular clock system can regulate myogenic and translational signaling pathways is also discussed, forming the basis for a possible role of the circadian clock in the variable anabolic responses with resistance exercise.

Keywordsmolecular clock; muscle growth; responder; skeletal muscle; exercise adaptation
Year2018
JournalFrontiers in Physiology
Journal citation9, pp. 1 - 13
PublisherFrontiers Research Foundation
ISSN1664-042X
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00569
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85047412043
Open accessOpen access
Page range1 - 13
Research GroupMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Publisher's version
License
Place of publicationSwitzerland
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