Perceived men’s feminization and attitudes toward homosexuality: Heterosexual men’s reactions to the decline of the anti-femininity norm of masculinity
Journal article
Falomir-Pichastor, Juan Manuel, Berent, Jacques and Anderson, Joel. (2019). Perceived men’s feminization and attitudes toward homosexuality: Heterosexual men’s reactions to the decline of the anti-femininity norm of masculinity. Sex Roles: A Journal of research. 81(3 - 4), pp. 208 - 222. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-018-0985-6
Authors | Falomir-Pichastor, Juan Manuel, Berent, Jacques and Anderson, Joel |
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Abstract | One of the central dimensions of traditional masculinity is men’s renunciation of the feminine (i.e., the anti-femininity norm), and men’s endorsement of this norm constitutes one of the strongest predictors of negative attitudes toward homosexuality. However, egalitarian societies are undergoing a significant change: Gendered roles, stereotypes, and norms are evolving. Accordingly, many believe that men are becoming more feminine than before, and this change might have consequential effects. Across two studies conducted in Western countries, we investigated heterosexual men’s reaction to the perceived decline of the anti-femininity norm of masculinity on their attitudes toward homosexuality. The results consistently showed that perceived men’s feminization increased negative attitudes toward homosexuality (Study 1, n = 220), specifically among those participants who most strongly endorsed the anti-femininity norm (Study 2, n = 156). Furthermore, this pattern was driven by participants’ discomfort with homosexuality rather than by their motivation to reinstate the challenged gender dichotomy. We discuss the relevance of these findings for both the gender and sexual prejudice literatures. |
Keywords | Masculinity; Gender roles; Gender norms; Anti-gay prejudice; Heterosexuality; Ingroup distinctiveness |
Year | 2019 |
Journal | Sex Roles: A Journal of research |
Journal citation | 81 (3 - 4), pp. 208 - 222 |
Publisher | Springer |
ISSN | 0360-0025 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-018-0985-6 |
Scopus EID | 2-s2.0-85059568366 |
Open access | Published as green open access |
Page range | 208 - 222 |
Author's accepted manuscript | License All rights reserved File Access Level Open |
Publisher's version | License All rights reserved File Access Level Controlled |
Place of publication | United States of America |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8q604/perceived-men-s-feminization-and-attitudes-toward-homosexuality-heterosexual-men-s-reactions-to-the-decline-of-the-anti-femininity-norm-of-masculinity
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Author's accepted manuscript
AM_Falomir_Pichastor_2019_Perceived_men_s_feminization_and_attitudes_toward.pdf | |
License: All rights reserved | |
File access level: Open |
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