Muscle atrophy due to nerve damage is accompanied by elevated myofibrillar protein synthesis rates

Journal article

Langer, Henning, Senden, Joan M., Gijsen, Annemie P., Kempa, Stefan, van Loon, Luc and Spuler, Simone. (2018). Muscle atrophy due to nerve damage is accompanied by elevated myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. Frontiers in Physiology. 9(1220), pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01220
AuthorsLanger, Henning, Senden, Joan M., Gijsen, Annemie P., Kempa, Stefan, van Loon, Luc and Spuler, Simone
Abstract

Muscle loss is a severe complication of many medical conditions such as cancer, cardiac failure, muscular dystrophies, and nerve damage. The contribution of myofibrillar protein synthesis (MPS) to the loss of muscle mass after nerve damage is not clear. Using deuterium oxide (D2O) labeling, we demonstrate that MPS is significantly increased in rat m. tibialis anterior (TA) compared to control (3.23 ± 0.72 [damaged] to 2.09 ± 0.26%∗day−1 [control]) after 4 weeks of nerve constriction injury. This is the case despite substantial loss of mass of the TA (350 ± 96 mg [damaged] to 946 ± 361 mg [control]). We also show that expression of regulatory proteins involved with MPS (p70s6k1: 2.4 ± 0.3 AU [damaged] to 1.8 ± 0.2 AU [control]) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB) (MAFbx: 5.3 ± 1.2 AU [damaged] to 1.4 ± 0.4 AU [control]) are increased in nerve damaged muscle. Furthermore, the expression of p70s6k1 correlates with MPS rates (r2 = 0.57). In conclusion, this study shows that severe muscle wasting following nerve damage is accompanied by increased as opposed to decreased MPS.

Keywordsskeletal muscle; atrophy; muscle loss; myofibrillar; protein synthesis; nerve damage; stable isotope; deuterium oxide
Year2018
JournalFrontiers in Physiology
Journal citation9 (1220), pp. 1 - 10
PublisherFrontiers Research Foundation
ISSN1664-042X
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01220
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85052787025
Open accessOpen access
Page range1 - 10
Research GroupMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Publisher's version
License
Place of publicationSwitzerland
Permalink -

https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8qywy/muscle-atrophy-due-to-nerve-damage-is-accompanied-by-elevated-myofibrillar-protein-synthesis-rates

Log in to edit

Download files

Publisher's version
OA_Langer_2018_Muscle_atrophy_due_to_nerve_damage.pdf
License: CC BY-NC 3.0

  • 197
    total views
  • 84
    total downloads
  • 0
    views this month
  • 0
    downloads this month
These values are for the period from 19th October 2020, when this repository was created.

Export as

Related outputs

“It gave me a sense of achievement and a sense of purpose” - a qualitative study of patient experiences of a virtually supervised exercise program for adults with advanced cancer and cachexia
Bland, K., France-Ratcliffe, Madeleine, Krishnasamy, Meinir, Nandi, Amruta, Parr, E., Martin, Peter, Cormie, P., Van Loon, Luc J. C. and Zopf, E.. (2024). “It gave me a sense of achievement and a sense of purpose” - a qualitative study of patient experiences of a virtually supervised exercise program for adults with advanced cancer and cachexia. Supportive Care in Cancer. 32(5), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-024-08526-y
Eight-hour time-restricted eating does not lower daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates : A randomized control trial
Parr, Evelyn B., Kouw, Imre W. K., Wheeler, Michael J., Radford, Bridget E., Hall, Rebecca C., Senden, Joan M., Goessens, Joy P. B., Van Loon, Luc J. C. and Hawley, John A.. (2023). Eight-hour time-restricted eating does not lower daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates : A randomized control trial. Obesity. 31(S1), pp. 116-126. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23637
Intradialytic protein ingestion and exercise do not compromise uremic toxin removal throughout hemodialysis
Hendriks, Floris K., Kuijpers, Jeffrey H. W., van Kranenburg, Janneau M. X., Senden, Joan M. G., van der Sande, Frank M., Kooman, Jeroen P., Meex, Steven J. R. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2023). Intradialytic protein ingestion and exercise do not compromise uremic toxin removal throughout hemodialysis. Journal of Renal Nutrition. 33(2), pp. 376-385. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2022.07.006
Restricting sugar or carbohydrate intake does not impact physical activity level or energy intake over 24 h despite changes in substrate use : A randomised crossover study in healthy men and women
Hengist, Aaron, Davies, Russell G., Rogers, Peter J., Brunstrom, Jeff M., van Loon, Luc J. C., Walhin, Jean-Philippe, Thompson, Dylan, Koumanov, Françoise, Betts, James A. and Gonzales, Javier T.. (2023). Restricting sugar or carbohydrate intake does not impact physical activity level or energy intake over 24 h despite changes in substrate use : A randomised crossover study in healthy men and women. European Journal of Nutrition. 62(2), pp. 921-940. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-03048-x
Perspective : Vegan Diets for Older Adults? A Perspective On the Potential Impact On Muscle Mass and Strength
Domic, Jacinta, Grootswagers, Pol, Van Loon, Lucas and de Groot, Lisette. (2022). Perspective : Vegan Diets for Older Adults? A Perspective On the Potential Impact On Muscle Mass and Strength. Advances in Nutrition. 13(3), pp. 712-725. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmac009
Cheese ingestion increases muscle protein synthesis rates both at rest and during recovery from exercise in healthy, young males : A randomized parallel-group trial
Hermans, Wesley J. H., Fuchs, Cas J., Hendriks, Floris K., Houben, Lisanne H. P., Senden, Joan M., Verdijk, Lex B. and Van Loon, Luc. (2022). Cheese ingestion increases muscle protein synthesis rates both at rest and during recovery from exercise in healthy, young males : A randomized parallel-group trial. The Journal of Nutrition. 152(4), pp. 1022-1030. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxac007
Muscle protein synthesis after protein administration in critical illness
Chapple, Lee-anne S., Kouw, Imre W. K., Summers, Matthew J., Weinel, Luke M., Gluck, Samuel, Raith, Eamon, Slobodian, Peter, Soenen, Stijn, Deane, Adam M., Van Loon, Luc J. C. and Chapman, Marianne J.. (2022). Muscle protein synthesis after protein administration in critical illness. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 206(6), pp. 740-749. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202112-2780OC
Resistance exercise training increases muscle mass and strength in prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy
Houben, Lisanne H. P., Overkamp, Maarten, van Kraaij, Puck, Trommelen, Jorn, van Roermund, Joep G. H., de Vries, Peter, de Laet, Kevin, van der Meer, Saskia, Mikkelsen, Ulla R., Verdijk, Lex B., van Loon, Luc J. C., Beijer, Sandra and Beelen, Milou. (2022). Resistance exercise training increases muscle mass and strength in prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 55(4), pp. 614-624. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003095
"I want to get myself as fit as I can and not die just yet" - Perceptions of exercise in people with advanced cancer and cachexia : A qualitative study
Bland, Kelcey A., Krishnasamy, Meinir, Parr, Evelyn B., Mulder, Stella, Martin, Peter, van Loon, Luc, Cormie, Prue, Michael, Natasha and Zopf, Eva M.. (2022). "I want to get myself as fit as I can and not die just yet" - Perceptions of exercise in people with advanced cancer and cachexia : A qualitative study. BMC Palliative Care. 21(1), p. Article 75. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-00948-x
Myofibrillar protein synthesis rate are increased in chronically exercised skeletal muscle despite decreased anabolic signaling
Langer, Henning T., West, Daniel, Senden, Joan, Spuler, Simone, van Loon, Luc J. C. and Baar, Keith. (2022). Myofibrillar protein synthesis rate are increased in chronically exercised skeletal muscle despite decreased anabolic signaling. Scientific Reports. 12(1), p. Article 7553. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11621-x
The muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of a plant-derived protein blend does not differ from an equivalent amount of milk protein in healthy, young males
Pinckaers, Philippe J. M., Kouw, Imre W. K., Gorissen, Stefan H. M., Houben, Lisanne H. P., Senden, Joan M., Wodzig, Will K. H. W., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Verdijk, Lex B., Snijders, Tim and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2022). The muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of a plant-derived protein blend does not differ from an equivalent amount of milk protein in healthy, young males. The Journal of Nutrition. 152(12), pp. 2734-2743. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxac222
Relative validity and reliability of isometric lower extremity strength assessment in older adults by using a handheld dynamometer
Grootswagers, Pol, Vaes, Anouk M. M., Hangelbroek, Roland, Tieland, Michael, Van Loon, Lucas J. C. and de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M.. (2022). Relative validity and reliability of isometric lower extremity strength assessment in older adults by using a handheld dynamometer. Sports Health. 14(6), pp. 899-905. https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381211063847
Ingestion of free amino acids compared with an equivalent amount of intact protein results in more rapid amino acid absorption and greater postprandial plasma amino acid availability without affecting muscle protein synthesis rates in young adults in a double-blind randomized trial
Weijzen, Michelle E. G., van Gassel, Rob J. J., Kouw, Imre W. K., Trommelen, Jorn, Gorissen, Stefan H. M., van Kranenburg, Janneau, Goessens, Joy P. B., van de Poll, Marcel C. G., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2022). Ingestion of free amino acids compared with an equivalent amount of intact protein results in more rapid amino acid absorption and greater postprandial plasma amino acid availability without affecting muscle protein synthesis rates in young adults in a double-blind randomized trial. The Journal of Nutrition. 152(1), pp. 59-67. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab305
Potato protein ingestion increases muscle protein synthesis rates at rest and during recovery from exercise in humans
Pinckaers, Philippe J. M., Hendriks, Floris K., Hermans, Wesley J. H., Goessens, Joy J. B., Senden, Joan M., Van Kranenburg, Janneau M. X., Wodzig, Will K. H. W., Snijders, Tim and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2022). Potato protein ingestion increases muscle protein synthesis rates at rest and during recovery from exercise in humans. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 54(9), pp. 1572-1581. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002937
Twist2-expressing cells reside in human skeletal muscle and are responsive to aging and resistance exercise training
Gaulton, Nick, Wakelin, Griffen, Young, Laura V., Wotherspoon, Scott, Kamal, Michael, Parise, Gianni, Nederveen, Joshua P., Holwerda, Andy, Verdijk, Lex B., van Loon, Luc J. C., Snijders, Tim and Johnston, Adam P.. (2022). Twist2-expressing cells reside in human skeletal muscle and are responsive to aging and resistance exercise training. The FASEB Journal. 36(12), p. Article e22642. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.202201349RR
Skeletal Muscle Fibre Characteristics of the Lumbar Multifidus Muscle in Patients Undergoing Microdiscectomy for Unilateral Lumbar Disc Herniation
Stevens, S, Agten, A, Snijders, T, Plazier, M, Bamps, S, Assieker, T, Betz, M, Timmermans, A, Van Loon, Lucas and Vandenabeele, F. (2022). Skeletal Muscle Fibre Characteristics of the Lumbar Multifidus Muscle in Patients Undergoing Microdiscectomy for Unilateral Lumbar Disc Herniation. Muscle, Ligaments and Tendons Journal (MLTJ). 12(3), pp. 432-443. https://doi.org/10.32098/mltj.03.2022.19
Dietary nitrate increases submaximal SERCA activity and ADP-transfer to mitochondria in slow-twitch muscle of female mice
Petrick, Heather, Brownell, Stuart, Vachon, Bayley, Brunetta, Henver, Handy, Rachel, Van Loon, Lucas, Murrant, Coral and Holloway, Graham. (2022). Dietary nitrate increases submaximal SERCA activity and ADP-transfer to mitochondria in slow-twitch muscle of female mice. American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism. 323(2), pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00371.2021
Raw eggs to support post-exercise recovery in healthy young men : Did Rocky get it right or wrong?
Fuchs, Cas J., Hermans, Wesley J. H., Smeets, Joey S. J., Senden, Joan M., van Kranenburg, Janneau, Gorissen, Stefan H. M., Burd, Nicholas A., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2022). Raw eggs to support post-exercise recovery in healthy young men : Did Rocky get it right or wrong? The Journal of Nutrition. 152, pp. 2376-2386. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxac174
Skeletal muscles of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop severe myofiber damage upon one week of admission on the intensive care unit
Stevens, Sjoerd, Hendrickx, Paul, Snijders, Tim, Lambrichts, Ivo, Stessel, Björn, Dubois, Jasperina, van Loon, Lucas J. C., Vandenabeele, Frank and Agten, Anouk. (2022). Skeletal muscles of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop severe myofiber damage upon one week of admission on the intensive care unit. Applied Sciences. 12(14), p. Article 7310. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12147310
Ingestion of an ample amount of meat substitute based on a lysine-enriched,plant-based protein blend stimulates postprandial muscle proteinsynthesis to a similar extent as an isonitrogenous amount of chickenin healthy, young men
Kouw, Imre W. K., Pinckaers, Philippe J. M., Le Bourgot, Cindy, van Kranenburg, Janneau M. X., Zorenc, Antoine H., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Verdijk, Lex, Snijders, Tim and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2022). Ingestion of an ample amount of meat substitute based on a lysine-enriched,plant-based protein blend stimulates postprandial muscle proteinsynthesis to a similar extent as an isonitrogenous amount of chickenin healthy, young men. British Journal of Nutrition. 128, pp. 1955-1965. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114521004906
Nutritional strategies to attenuate postprandial glycemic response
Pasmans, Kenneth, Meex, Ruth C. R., van Loon, Luc J. C. and Blaak, Ellen E.. (2022). Nutritional strategies to attenuate postprandial glycemic response. Obesity Reviews. 23(9), p. e13486. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13486
Exercise-based interventions to counteract skeletal muscle mass loss in people with cancer : Can we overcome the odds?
Bland, Kelcey A., Kouw, Imre W. K., van Loon, Luc J. C., Zopf, Eva M. and Fairman, Ciaran M.. (2022). Exercise-based interventions to counteract skeletal muscle mass loss in people with cancer : Can we overcome the odds? Sports Medicine. 52(5), pp. 1009-1027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01638-z
The impact of collagen protein ingestion on musculoskeletal connective tissue remodeling : A narrative review
Holwerda, Andrew M. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2022). The impact of collagen protein ingestion on musculoskeletal connective tissue remodeling : A narrative review. Nutrition Reviews. 80(6), pp. 1497-1514. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuab083
Impact of magnesium on bone health in older adults : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Groenendijk, Inge, van Delft, Marieke, Versloot, Pieter, van Loon, Luc J. C. and de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M.. (2022). Impact of magnesium on bone health in older adults : A systematic review and meta-analysis. Bone. 154, p. Article 116233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2021.116233
L-arabinose co-ingestion delays glucose absorption derived from sucrose in healthy men and women : A double-blind, randomized crossover trial
Pasmans, Kenneth, Meex, Ruth C. R., Trommelen, Jorn, Senden, Joan M. G., Vaughan, Elaine E., van Loon, Luc J. C. and Blaak, Ellen E.. (2021). L-arabinose co-ingestion delays glucose absorption derived from sucrose in healthy men and women : A double-blind, randomized crossover trial. British Journal of Nutrition. 128(6), pp. 1072-1081. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114521004153
Amino acid removal during hemodialysis can be compensated for by protein ingestion and is not compromised by intradialytic exercise : A randomized controlled crossover trial
Hendriks, Floris K., Smeets, Joey S. J., van Kranenburg, Janneau M. X., Broers, Natascha J. H., van der Sande, Frank M., Verdijk, Lex B., Kooman, Jeroen P. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2021). Amino acid removal during hemodialysis can be compensated for by protein ingestion and is not compromised by intradialytic exercise : A randomized controlled crossover trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 114(6), pp. 2074-2083. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab274
Fragile bones of elite cyclists : To treat or not to treat?
Hilkens, Luuk, Knuiman, Pim, Heijboer, Mathieu, Kempers, Robert, Jeukendrup, Asker E., van Loon, Luc J. C. and van Dijk, Jan-Willem. (2021). Fragile bones of elite cyclists : To treat or not to treat? Journal of Applied Physiology. 131, pp. 26-28. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01034.2020
Gut amino acid absorption in humans : Concepts and relevance for postprandial metabolism
Trommelen, Jorn, Tomé, Daniel and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2021). Gut amino acid absorption in humans : Concepts and relevance for postprandial metabolism. Clinical Nutrition Open Science. 36, pp. 43-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutos.2020.12.006
Comprehensive assessment of post-prandial protein handling by the application of intrinsically labelled protein in vivo in human subjects
Trommelen, Jorn, Holwerda, Andrew M., Pinckaers, Philippe J. M. and van Loon, Lucas J. C.. (2021). Comprehensive assessment of post-prandial protein handling by the application of intrinsically labelled protein in vivo in human subjects. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 80(2), pp. 221-229. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665120008034
Dietary protein interventions to improve nutritional status in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis
Hendriks, Floris K., Kooman, Jeroen P. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2021). Dietary protein interventions to improve nutritional status in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. 24(1), pp. 79-87. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000000703
A white paper on collagen hydrolyzates and ultrahydrolyzates : Potential supplements to support joint health in osteoarthritis?
Mobasheri, Ali, Mahmoudian, Armaghan, Kalvaityte, Ursule, Uzieliene, Ilona, Larder, Christina E., Iskandar, Michèle M., Kubow, Stan, Hamdan, Paulo Cesar, de Almeida Jr, Cyro Scala, Favazzo, Lacey J., van Loon, Luc J. C., Emans, Pieter J., Plapler, Pérola G. and Zuscik, Michael J.. (2021). A white paper on collagen hydrolyzates and ultrahydrolyzates : Potential supplements to support joint health in osteoarthritis? Current Rheumatology Reports. 23(11), p. Article 78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-021-01042-6
The anabolic response to plant-based protein ingestion
Pinckaers, Philippe J. M., Trommelen, Jorn, Snijders, Tim and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2021). The anabolic response to plant-based protein ingestion. Sports Medicine. 51(Supplement 1), pp. 59-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01540-8
Hepatic steatosis contributes to the development of muscle atrophy via inter-organ crosstalk
Pasmans, Kenneth, Adriaens, Michiel E., Olinga, Peter, Langen, Ramon, Rensen, Sander S., Schaap, Frank G., Damink, Steven W. M. Olde, Caiment, Florian, van Loon, Luc J. C., Blaak, Ellen E. and Meex, Ruth C. R.. (2021). Hepatic steatosis contributes to the development of muscle atrophy via inter-organ crosstalk. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 12, p. Article 733625. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.733625
Acute effects of dietary nitrate on exercise tolerance, muscle oxygenation, and cardiovascular function in patients with peripheral arterial disease
van der Avoort, Cindy M.T., Van Loon, Luc J.C., Verdijk, Lex B., Poyck, Paul P.C., Thijssen, Dick T.J. and Hopman, Maria T.E.. (2021). Acute effects of dietary nitrate on exercise tolerance, muscle oxygenation, and cardiovascular function in patients with peripheral arterial disease. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 31(5), pp. 385-396. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2021-0054
Mass spectrometry imaging of L-[ring-13 C6]- labeled phenylalanine and tyrosine kinetics in non-small cell lung carcinoma 
Cao, Jianhua, Balluff, Benjamin, Arts, Martijn, Dubois, Ludwig J., van Loon, Luc J. C., Hackeng, Tilman M., van Eijk, Hans M. H., Eijkel, Gert, Heij, Lara R., Soons, Zita, Olde Damink, Steven W. M. and Heeren, Ron M. A.. (2021). Mass spectrometry imaging of L-[ring-13 C6]- labeled phenylalanine and tyrosine kinetics in non-small cell lung carcinoma . Cancer & Metabolism. 9, p. Article 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40170-021-00262-9
Insects are a viable protein source for human consumption : From insect protein digestion to postprandial muscle protein synthesis in vivo in humans : A double-blind randomized trial
Hermans, Wesley J. H., Senden, Joan M., Churchward-Venne, Tyler A., Paulussen, Kevin J. M., Fuchs, Cas J., Smeets, Joey S. J., van Loon, Joop J. A., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2021). Insects are a viable protein source for human consumption : From insect protein digestion to postprandial muscle protein synthesis in vivo in humans : A double-blind randomized trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 114(3), pp. 934-944. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab115
Increasing nitrate-rich vegetable intake lowers ambulatory blood pressure in (pre)hypertensive middle-aged and older adults : A 12-wk randomized controlled trial
van der Avoort, Cindy M. T., ten Haaf, Dominique S. M., Bongers, Coen C. W. G., van Oorschot, Frederieke, Verdijk, Lex B., van Loon, Luc J. C. and Hopman, Maria T. E.. (2021). Increasing nitrate-rich vegetable intake lowers ambulatory blood pressure in (pre)hypertensive middle-aged and older adults : A 12-wk randomized controlled trial. The Journal of Nutrition. 151(9), pp. 2667-2679. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab157
Eat like an athlete : Insights of sports nutrition science to support active aging in healthy older adults
Oikawa, Sara Y., Brisbois, Tristin D., van Loon, Luc J. C. and Rollo, Ian. (2021). Eat like an athlete : Insights of sports nutrition science to support active aging in healthy older adults. GeroScience. 43(5), pp. 2485-2495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00419-w
Undeclared doping substances are highly prevalent in commercial sports nutrition supplements
Duiven, Erik, Luc J.C. van Loon, Spruijt, Laila, Koert, Willem and de Hon, Olivier M.. (2021). Undeclared doping substances are highly prevalent in commercial sports nutrition supplements. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 20, pp. 328-338. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2021.328
No differences in muscle protein synthesis rates following ingestion of wheat protein, milk protein, and their protein blend in healthy, young males
Pinckaers, Philippe J. M., Kouw, Imre W. K., Hendriks, Floris K., van Kranenburg, Janneau M. X., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Verdijk, Lex B., Snijders, Tim and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2021). No differences in muscle protein synthesis rates following ingestion of wheat protein, milk protein, and their protein blend in healthy, young males. British Journal of Nutrition. 126(12), pp. 1832-1842. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114521000635
Does supplementation with leucine-enriched protein alone and in combination with fish-oil-derived n-3 PUFA affect muscle mass, strength, physical performance, and muscle protein synthesis in well-nourished older adults? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Murphy, Caoileann H., Flanagan, Ellen M., De Vito, Giuseppe, Susta, Davide, Mitchelson, Kathleen A. J., de Marco Castro, Elena, Senden, Joan M. G., Goessens, Joy P. B., Mikłosz, Agnieszka, Chabowski, Adrian, Segurado, Ricardo, Corish, Clare A., McCarthy, Sinead N., Egan, Brendan, van Loon, Luc J. C. and Roche, Helen M.. (2021). Does supplementation with leucine-enriched protein alone and in combination with fish-oil-derived n-3 PUFA affect muscle mass, strength, physical performance, and muscle protein synthesis in well-nourished older adults? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 113(6), pp. 1411-1427. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa449
Daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in response to low- And high-frequency resistance exercise training in healthy, young men
Shad, Brandon J., Thompson, Janice L., McKendry, James, Holwerda, Andrew M., Elhassan, Yasir S., Breen, Leigh, van Loon, Luc J. C. and Wallis, Gareth A.. (2021). Daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in response to low- And high-frequency resistance exercise training in healthy, young men. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 31(3), pp. 209-216. https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSNEM.2020-0274
Basal protein synthesis rates differ between vastus lateralis and rectus abdominis muscle
Smeets, Joey S. J., Horstman, Astrid M. H., van Dijk, David P. J., van Boxtel, Astrid G. M., ter Woorst, Joost F., Damink, Steven W. M. Olde, Schijns, Olaf E. M. G. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2021). Basal protein synthesis rates differ between vastus lateralis and rectus abdominis muscle. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle. 12(3), pp. 769-778. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12701
Myonuclear content and domain size in small versus larger muscle fibres in response to 12 weeks of resistance exercise training in older adults
Snijders, Tim, Holwerda, Andy M., van Loon, Luc J. C. and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2021). Myonuclear content and domain size in small versus larger muscle fibres in response to 12 weeks of resistance exercise training in older adults. Acta Physiologica. 231(4), p. e13599. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.13599
The impact of beetroot juice supplementation on muscular endurance, maximal strength and countermovement jump performance
Jonvik, Kristin L., Hoogervorst, Daan, Peelen, Harmen B., de Niet, Mark, Verdijk, Lex B., van Loon, Luc J. C. and van Dijk, Jan-Willem. (2021). The impact of beetroot juice supplementation on muscular endurance, maximal strength and countermovement jump performance. European Journal of Sport Science. 21(6), pp. 871-878. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2020.1788649
Assessing the whole-body protein synthetic response to feeding in vivo in human subjects
Trommelen, Jorn and Van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2021). Assessing the whole-body protein synthetic response to feeding in vivo in human subjects. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 80, pp. 139-147. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665120008009
Exercise plus presleep protein ingestion increases overnight muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates in healthy older men
Holwerda, Andrew M., Trommelen, Jorn, Kouw, Imre W. K., Senden, Joan M., Goessens, Joy P. B., van Kranenburg, Janneau, Gijsen, Annemie P., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2021). Exercise plus presleep protein ingestion increases overnight muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates in healthy older men. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 31(3), pp. 317-226. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0222
Whey protein supplementation does not accelerate recovery from a single bout of eccentric exercise
Hilkens, Luuk, De Bock, Jolien, Kretzers, Joris, Kardinaal, Alwine F. M., Floris-Vollenbroek, Esther G., Scholtens, Petra A. M. J., Horstman, Astrid M. H., van Loon, Luc J. C. and van Dijk, Jan-Willem. (2021). Whey protein supplementation does not accelerate recovery from a single bout of eccentric exercise. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. 39(3), pp. 322-331. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1820184
Muscle fiber capillarization is associated with various indices of skeletal muscle mass in healthy, older men
Betz, M. W., Aussieker, T., Kruger, C. Q., Gorissen, S. H. M., van Loon, L. J. C. and Snijders, T.. (2021). Muscle fiber capillarization is associated with various indices of skeletal muscle mass in healthy, older men. Experimental Gerontology. 143, p. 111161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2020.111161
Higher levels of physical activity are associated with greater fruit and vegetable intake in older adults
Van Loon, L.. (2021). Higher levels of physical activity are associated with greater fruit and vegetable intake in older adults. Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging. 25(2), pp. 230-241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-020-1520-3
Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates of loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men : a randomized controlled trial
Kilroe, Sean Paul, Fulford, Jonathan, Jackman, Sarah, Holwerda, Andrew, Gijsen, Annemie, van Loon, Luc and Wall, Benjamin Toby. (2021). Dietary protein intake does not modulate daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates of loss of muscle mass and function during short-term immobilization in young men : a randomized controlled trial. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 113(3), pp. 548-561. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa136
Effect of acute and short-term dietary fat ingestion on postprandial skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates in middle-aged, overweight and obese men
Tsintzas, Kostas, Jones, Robert, Pabla, Pardeep, Mallinson, Joanne, Barrett, David A., Kim, Dong-Hyun, Cooper, Scott, Davies, Amanda, Taylor, Tariq, Chee, Carolyn, Gaffney, Christopher, van Loon, Luc J. C. and Stephens, Francis B.. (2020). Effect of acute and short-term dietary fat ingestion on postprandial skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates in middle-aged, overweight and obese men. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. 318(3), pp. E417-E429. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00344.2019
In vitro ketone-supported mitochondrial respiration is minimal when other substrates are readily available in cardiac and skeletal muscle
Petrick, Heather L., Brunetta, Henver S., Pignanelli, Chris, Nunes, Everson A., van Loon, Luc J. C., Burr, Jamie F. and Holloway, Graham P.. (2020). In vitro ketone-supported mitochondrial respiration is minimal when other substrates are readily available in cardiac and skeletal muscle. The Journal of Physiology. 598(21), pp. 4869-4885. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP280032
Casein ingestion does not increase muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates
Trommelen, Jorn, Holwerda, Andrew M., Senden, Joan M., Goessens, Joy P. B., Van Kranenburg, Janneau, Gijsen, Annemie P., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2020). Casein ingestion does not increase muscle connective tissue protein synthesis rates. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 52(9), pp. 1983-1991. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002337
The glycation level of milk protein strongly modulates post-prandial lysine availability in humans
Nyakayiru, Jean, van Lieshout, Glenn A. A., Trommelen, Jorn, van Kranenburg, Janneau, Verdijk, Lex B., Bragt, Marjolijn C. E. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2020). The glycation level of milk protein strongly modulates post-prandial lysine availability in humans. British Journal of Nutrition. 123(5), pp. 545-552. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114519002927
The concept of skeletal muscle memory : Evidence from animal and human studies
Snijders, Tim, Aussieker, Thorben, Holwerda, Andy, Parise, Gianni, van Loon, Luc J. C. and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2020). The concept of skeletal muscle memory : Evidence from animal and human studies. Acta Physiologica. 229(3), pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.13465
Temporal muscle-specific disuse atrophy during one week of leg immobilization
Kilroe, Sean P., Fulford, Jonathan, Jackman, Sarah R., van Loon, Luc J. C. and Wall, Benjamin T.. (2020). Temporal muscle-specific disuse atrophy during one week of leg immobilization. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 52(4), pp. 944-954. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002200
Short-term bed rest-induced insulin resistance cannot be explained by increased mitochondrial H2O2 emission
Dirks, Marlou L., Miotto, Paula M., Goossens, Gijs H., Senden, Joan M., Petrick, Heather L., van Kranenburg, Janneau, van Loon, Luc J. C. and Holloway, Graham P.. (2020). Short-term bed rest-induced insulin resistance cannot be explained by increased mitochondrial H2O2 emission. The Journal of Physiology. 598(1), pp. 123-137. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP278920
Protein type, protein dose, and age modulate dietary protein digestion and phenylalanine absorption kinetics and plasma phenylalanine availability in humans
Gorissen, Stefan H. M., Trommelen, Jorn, Kouw, Imre W. K., Holwerda, Andrew M., Pennings, Bart, Groen, Bart B. L., Wall, Benjamin T., Churchward-Venne, Tyler A., Horstman, Astrid M. H., Koopman, René, Burd, Nicholas A., Fuchs, Cas J., Dirks, Marlou L., Res, Peter T., Senden, Joan M. G., Steijns, Jan M. J. M., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2020). Protein type, protein dose, and age modulate dietary protein digestion and phenylalanine absorption kinetics and plasma phenylalanine availability in humans. The Journal of Nutrition. 150(8), pp. 2041-2050. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa024
Postexercise cooling impairs muscle protein synthesis rates in recreational athletes
Fuchs, Cas J., Kouw, Imre W. K., Churchward-Venne, Tyler A., Smeets, Joey S. J., Senden, Joan M., Lichtenbelt, Wouter D. van Marken, Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2020). Postexercise cooling impairs muscle protein synthesis rates in recreational athletes. The Journal of Physiology. 598(4), pp. 755-772. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP278996
Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Effects of Carbohydrate Ingestion During Exercise
Ian Rollo, Javier T. Gonzalez, Cas J. Fuchs, Lucas Van Loon and Clyde Williams. (2020). Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Effects of Carbohydrate Ingestion During Exercise. Sports Medicine. 50(11), pp. 1863-1871. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01343-3
PRESENT 2020: Text Expanding on the Checklist for Proper Reporting of Evidence in Sport and Exercise Nutrition Trials
James A. Betts, Javier T. Gonzalez, Louise Burke, Graeme L. Close, Ina Garthe, Lewis J James, Asker E Jeukendrup, James P. Morton, David C Nieman, Peter Peeling, Stuart M Phillips, Trent Stellingwerff, Lucas Van Loon, Clyde Williams, Kathleen Woolf, Ronald J. Maughan and Greg Atkinson. (2020). PRESENT 2020: Text Expanding on the Checklist for Proper Reporting of Evidence in Sport and Exercise Nutrition Trials. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 30(1), pp. 2-13. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2019-0326
Mitochondrial ROS and Aging: Understanding Exercise as a Preventive Tool
Henver S Brunetta, Andrew M Holwerda, Luc Van Loon and Graham P Holloway. (2020). Mitochondrial ROS and Aging: Understanding Exercise as a Preventive Tool. Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise. 2, pp. 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42978-019-00037-1
Impact of whole dairy matrix on musculoskeletal health and aging–current knowledge and research gaps
N.R.W. Geiker, C. Mølgaard, S. Iuliano, R. Rizzoli, Y. Manios, L.J.C. van Loon, J.-M. Lecerf, G. Moschonis, J.-Y. Reginster, I. Givens and A. Astrup. (2020). Impact of whole dairy matrix on musculoskeletal health and aging–current knowledge and research gaps. Osteoporosis International. 31(4), pp. 601-615. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-019-05229-7
Intermittent versus continuous enteral nutrition attenuates increases in insulin and leptin during short-term bed rest
Gonzalez, Javier T., Dirks, Marlou L., Holwerda, Andrew M., Kouw, Imre W. K. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2020). Intermittent versus continuous enteral nutrition attenuates increases in insulin and leptin during short-term bed rest. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 120, pp. 2083-2094. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04431-4
Impact of exercise-nutritional state interactions in patients with type 2 diabetes
Verboven, Kenneth, Wens, Inez, Vandenabeele, Frank, Stevens, An, Celie, Bert, Lapauw, Bruno, Dendale, Paul, van Loon, Luc J. C., Calders, Patrick and Hansen, Dominique. (2020). Impact of exercise-nutritional state interactions in patients with type 2 diabetes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 52(3), pp. 720-728. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002165
Could intramuscular storage of dietary nitrate contribute to its ergogenic effect? A mini-review
Jean Nyakayiru, Luc Van Loon and Lex B. Verdijk. (2020). Could intramuscular storage of dietary nitrate contribute to its ergogenic effect? A mini-review. Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 152, pp. 295-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.03.025
Hot-water immersion does not increase postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates during recovery from resistance-type exercise in healthy, young males
Fuchs, Cas J., Smeets, Joey S. J., Senden, Joan M., Zorenc, Antoine H., Goessens, Joy P. B., van Marken Lichtenbelt, Wouter D., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2020). Hot-water immersion does not increase postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates during recovery from resistance-type exercise in healthy, young males. Journal of Applied Physiology. 128(4), pp. 1012-1022. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00836.2019
Endurance-type exercise increases bulk and individual mitochondrial protein synthesis rates in rats
Holwerda, Andrew M., Bouwman, Freek G., Nabben, Miranda, Wang, Ping, van Kranenburg, Janneau, Gijsen, Annemie P., Burniston, Jatin G., Mariman, Edwin C. M. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2020). Endurance-type exercise increases bulk and individual mitochondrial protein synthesis rates in rats. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 30(2), pp. 153-164. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2019-0281
End-stage renal disease patients lose a substantial amount of amino acids during hemodialysis
Hendriks, Floris K., Smeets, Joey S. J., Broers, Natascha J. H., van Kranenburg, Janneau M. X., van der Sande, Frank M., Kooman, Jeroen P. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2020). End-stage renal disease patients lose a substantial amount of amino acids during hemodialysis. The Journal of Nutrition. 150(5), pp. 1160-1166. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa010
During hospitalization, older patients at risk for malnutrition consume <0.65 grams of protein per kilogram body weight per day
Weijzen, Michelle E. G., Kouw, Imre W. K., Geerlings, Phil, Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2020). During hospitalization, older patients at risk for malnutrition consume <0.65 grams of protein per kilogram body weight per day. Nutrition in Clinical Practice. 35(4), pp. 655-663. https://doi.org/10.1002/ncp.10542
Dose-response effects of dietary protein on muscle protein synthesis during recovery from endurance exercise in young men : A double-blind randomized trial
Churchward-Venne, Tyler A., Pinckaers, Philippe J. M., Smeets, Joey S. J., Betz, Milan W., Senden, Joan M., Goessens, Joy P. B., Gijsen, Annemie P., Rollo, Ian, Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2020). Dose-response effects of dietary protein on muscle protein synthesis during recovery from endurance exercise in young men : A double-blind randomized trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 112(2), pp. 303-317. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa073
Casein protein processing strongly modulates post-prandial plasma amino acid responses in vivo in humans
Trommelen, Jorn, Weijzen, Michelle E. G., van Kranenburg, Janneau, Ganzevles, Renate A., Beelen, Milou, Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2020). Casein protein processing strongly modulates post-prandial plasma amino acid responses in vivo in humans. Nutrients. 12(8), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082299
A nitrate-rich vegetable intervention elevates plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and reduces blood pressure in healthy young adults
van der Avoort, Cindy M. T., Jonvik, Kristin L., Nyakayiru, Jean, van Loon, Luc J. C., Hopman, Maria T. E. and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2020). A nitrate-rich vegetable intervention elevates plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and reduces blood pressure in healthy young adults. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 120(8), pp. 1305-1317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2020.02.014
Voeding bij intensieve sportbeoefening
van Loon, L. J. C., Trommelen, J., van Erp-Baart, A. M. J. and Saris, W. H. M.. (2019). Voeding bij intensieve sportbeoefening. In In Former, Majorie, van Asseldonk, Gerdie, Drenth, Jacqueline and Schuurman, Caroelien (Ed.). Informatorium voor Voeding en Dietetiek - Supplement 100 - December 2018 pp. 65-88 Bohn Stafleu van Loghum. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-2223-7_5
Short-term muscle disuse induces a rapid and sustained decline in daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates
Kilroe, Sean P., Fulford, Jonathan, Holwerda, Andrew M., Jackman, Sarah R., Lee, Benjamin P., Gijsen, Annemie P., van Loon, Luc J. C. and Wall, Benjamin T.. (2019). Short-term muscle disuse induces a rapid and sustained decline in daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. 318(2), pp. E117-E130. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00360.2019
The intrinsically labeled protein approach is the preferred method to quantify the release of dietary protein-derived amino acids into the circulation
Jorn Trommelen, Andrew M. Holwerda, Jean Nyakayiru, Stefan H M Gorissen, Olav Rooyackers, Nicholas A Burd, Yves Boirie and Luc J. C. Van Loon. (2019). The intrinsically labeled protein approach is the preferred method to quantify the release of dietary protein-derived amino acids into the circulation. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. 317(3), pp. 433-434. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00155.2019
Fructose co-ingestion to increase carbohydrate availability in athletes
Cas J. Fuchs, Javier T. Gonzalez and Luc J. C. Van Loon. (2019). Fructose co-ingestion to increase carbohydrate availability in athletes. The Journal of Physiology. 597(14), pp. 3549-3560. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP277116
Dietary Protein and Physical Activity Interventions to Support Muscle Maintenance in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis
Floris K. Hendriks, Joey S J Smeets, Frank M van der Sande, Jeroen P Kooman and Lucas Van Loon. (2019). Dietary Protein and Physical Activity Interventions to Support Muscle Maintenance in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis. Nutrients. 11(12), pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11122972
The Muscle Protein Synthetic Response to Meal Ingestion Following Resistance-Type Exercise
Jorn Trommelen, Milan W Betz and Luc Van Loon. (2019). The Muscle Protein Synthetic Response to Meal Ingestion Following Resistance-Type Exercise. Sports Medicine. 49(2), pp. 185-197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01053-5
Exercising to offset muscle mass loss in hemodialysis patients: The disconnect between intention and intervention
Colleen F. McKenna, Amadeo F. Salvador, Floris K. Hendriks, Alana P. Y. Harris, Luc J. C. Van Loon and Nicholas A. Burd. (2019). Exercising to offset muscle mass loss in hemodialysis patients: The disconnect between intention and intervention. Seminars in Dialysis. 32(4), pp. 379-385. https://doi.org/10.1111/sdi.12805
Perioperative nutritional supplementation and skeletal muscle mass in older hip-fracture patients
Irene Fleur Kramer, Taco J. Blokhuis, Lex B. Verdijk, Luc Van Loon and Martijn Poeze. (2019). Perioperative nutritional supplementation and skeletal muscle mass in older hip-fracture patients. Nutrition Reviews. 77(4), pp. 254-266. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuy055
One week of step reduction lowers myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in young men
Shad, Brandon J., Thompson, Janice L., Holwerda, Andrew M., Stocks, Ben, Elhassan, Yasir S., Philp, Andrew, Van Loon, Luc J. C. and Wallis, Gareth A.. (2019). One week of step reduction lowers myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in young men. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 51(10), pp. 2125 - 2134. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002034
Leucine co-ingestion augments the muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of 15 g protein following resistance exercise in older men
Holwerda, Andrew M., Paulussen, Kevin J. M., Overkamp, Maarten, Goessens, Joy P. B., Kramer, Irene-Fleur, Wodzig, Will K. W. H., Verdijk, Lex B., de Groot, Lisette C.P.G.M. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2019). Leucine co-ingestion augments the muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of 15 g protein following resistance exercise in older men. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. 317(3), pp. 473 - 482. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00073.2019
Dietary feeding pattern does not modulate the loss of muscle mass or the decline in metabolic health during short-term bed rest
Dirks, Marlou L., Smeets, Joey S. J., Holwerda, Andrew M., Kouw, Imre W. K., Marzuca-Nassr, Gabriel N., Gijsen, Annemie P., Holloway, Graham P., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2019). Dietary feeding pattern does not modulate the loss of muscle mass or the decline in metabolic health during short-term bed rest. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. 316(3), pp. 536 - 545. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00378.2018
Coordinated regulation of skeletal muscle mass and metabolic plasticity during recovery from disuse
Kneppers, Anita, Leermakers, Pieter, Pansters, Nicholas, Backx, Evelien, Gosker, Harry, van Loon, Luc, Schols, Annemie, Langen, Ramon and Verdijk, Lex. (2019). Coordinated regulation of skeletal muscle mass and metabolic plasticity during recovery from disuse. The FASEB Journal. 33(1), pp. 1288 - 1298. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201701403RRR
Time-dependent regulation of postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates after milk protein ingestion in young men
Vliet, Stephan Van, Beals, Joseph W., Holwerda, Andrew M., Emmons, Russell S., Goessens, Joy P., Paluska, Scott A., Lisio, Michael De, van Loon, Luc J. C. and Burd, Nicholas A.. (2019). Time-dependent regulation of postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates after milk protein ingestion in young men. Journal of Applied Physiology. 127(6), pp. 1792 - 1801. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00608.2019
Ascorbic acid supplementation improves postprandial glycaemic control and blood pressure in individuals with type 2 diabetes: Findings of a randomized cross-over trial
Mason, Shaun A., Rasmussen, Bodil, van Loon, Luc J. C., Salmon, Jo and Wadley, Glenn D.. (2019). Ascorbic acid supplementation improves postprandial glycaemic control and blood pressure in individuals with type 2 diabetes: Findings of a randomized cross-over trial. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism: a journal of pharmacology and therapeutics. 21(3), pp. 674 - 682. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.13571
Blood flow restricted resistance exercise and reductions in oxygen tension attenuate mitochondrial H2O2 emission rates in human skeletal muscle
Petrick, Heather L., Pignanelli, Christopher, Barbeau, Pierre-Andre, Churchward-Venne, Tyler A., Dennis, Kaitlyn M. J. H., van Loon, Luc J. C., Burr, Jamie F., Goossens, Gijs H. and Holloway, Graham P.. (2019). Blood flow restricted resistance exercise and reductions in oxygen tension attenuate mitochondrial H2O2 emission rates in human skeletal muscle. The Journal of Physiology. 597(15), pp. 3985 - 3997. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP277765
The effect of minimally invasive surgical aortic valve replacement on postoperative pulmonary and skeletal muscle function
Boujemaa, Hajar, Yilmaz, Alaaddin, Robic, Boris, Koppo, Katrien, Claessen, Guido, Frederix, Ines, Dendale, Paul, Völler, Heinz, van Loon, Luc J. C. and Hansen, Dominique. (2019). The effect of minimally invasive surgical aortic valve replacement on postoperative pulmonary and skeletal muscle function. Experimental Physiology. 104(6), pp. 855 - 865. https://doi.org/10.1113/EP087407
Leucine co-ingestion augments the muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of 15 g protein following resistance exercise in older men
Holwerda, Andrew M., Paulussen, Kevin J. M., Overkamp, Maarten, Goessens, Joy P. B., Kramer, Irene-Fleur, Wodzig, Will K. W. H., Verdijk, Lex B., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M. and Van Loon, Luc. (2019). Leucine co-ingestion augments the muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of 15 g protein following resistance exercise in older men. In In A. M. Holwerda (Ed.). Dietary protein to support active aging pp. 53 - 73 Maastricht University. https://doi.org/10.26481/dis.20190321ah
The effect of beetroot juice supplementation on dynamic apnea and intermittent sprint performance in elite female water polo playres
Jonvik, Kristin L., van Dijk, Jan Willem, Senden, Joan M. G., van Loon, Luc J. C. and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2018). The effect of beetroot juice supplementation on dynamic apnea and intermittent sprint performance in elite female water polo playres. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 28(5), pp. 468-473. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0293
Age-Associated Impairments in Mitochondrial ADP Sensitivity Contribute to Redox Stress in Senescent Human Skeletal Muscle
Holloway, Graham P., Holwerda, Andrew M., Miotto, Paula M., Dirks, Marlou L., Verdijk, Lex B. and Van Loon, Luc. (2018). Age-Associated Impairments in Mitochondrial ADP Sensitivity Contribute to Redox Stress in Senescent Human Skeletal Muscle. Cell Reports. 22(11), pp. 2837 - 2848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.069
Daily resistance-type exercise stimulates muscle protein synthesis in vivo in young men
Holwerda, Andrew M., Paulussen, Kevin J. M., Overkamp, Maarten, Smeets, Joey S. J., Gijsen, Annemie P., Goessens, Joy P. B., Verdijk, Lex B. and Van Loon, Luc. (2018). Daily resistance-type exercise stimulates muscle protein synthesis in vivo in young men. Journal of Applied Physiology. 124(1), pp. 66 - 75. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00610.2017
Temporal response of angiogenesis and hypertrophy to resistance training in young men
Holloway, Tanya M., Snijders, Tim, van Kranenburg, Janneau, Van Loon, Luc and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2018). Temporal response of angiogenesis and hypertrophy to resistance training in young men. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 50(1), pp. 36 - 45. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001409
Reply: measurement of regional rates of protein synthesis in human brain in vivo with l-[1-11c]-leucine PET
Smeets, Joey S.J and Van Loon, Luc. (2018). Reply: measurement of regional rates of protein synthesis in human brain in vivo with l-[1-11c]-leucine PET. Brain: a journal of neurology. 141(7), pp. 52 - 52. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awy119
Skeletal muscle fiber characteristics in patients with chronic heart failure: Impact of disease severity and relation with muscle oxygenation during exercise
Niemeijer, Victor M., Snijders, Tim, Verdijk, Lex B., Van Kranenburg, Janneau, Groen, Bart B.L., Holwerda, Andrew M., Spee, Ruud F., Wijn, Pieter F. F., van Loon, Luc and Kemps, Hareld M.C.. (2018). Skeletal muscle fiber characteristics in patients with chronic heart failure: Impact of disease severity and relation with muscle oxygenation during exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology. 125(4), pp. 1266 - 1276. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00057.2018
Dose-response effects of supplementation with calcifediol on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status and its metabolites: a randomized controlled trial in older adults
Vaes, Anouk M.M., Tieland, Michael, de Regt, Margot F., Wittwer, Jonas, van Loon, Luc and de Groot, Lisette C.P.G.M.. (2018). Dose-response effects of supplementation with calcifediol on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status and its metabolites: a randomized controlled trial in older adults. Clinical Nutrition. 37(3), pp. 808 - 814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2017.03.029
Reply: measurement of regional rates of protein synthesis in human brain in vivo with l-[1-11c]-leucine PET
Smeets, Joey S.J and Van Loon, Luc. (2018). Reply: measurement of regional rates of protein synthesis in human brain in vivo with l-[1-11c]-leucine PET. Brain: a journal of neurology. 141(7), pp. 52 - 52. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awy119
Increasing vegetable intake to obtain the health promoting and ergogenic effects of dietary nitrate
Van der Avoort, Cindy M. T., van Loon, Luc, Hopman, Maria T. and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2018). Increasing vegetable intake to obtain the health promoting and ergogenic effects of dietary nitrate. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 72, pp. 1485 - 1489. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-018-0140-z
Effects of creatine and carbohydrate loading on cycling time trial performance
Tomcik, Kristyen A., Camera, Donny, Bone, Julia L. L., Ross, Meg, Jeacocke, N. A., Tachtsis, Bill, Senden, Joan M., Van Loon, Luc, Hawley, John and Burke, Louise. (2018). Effects of creatine and carbohydrate loading on cycling time trial performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 50(1), pp. 141 - 150. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001401
IOC consensus statement: dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete0306
Maughan, Ronald J., Burke, Louise, Dvorak, Jiri, Larson-Meyer, D. E., Peeling, Peter, Phillips, Stuart M., Rawson, Eric S., Walsh, Neil P., Garthe, Ina, Geyer, Hans, Meeusen, Romain, Van Loon, Luc, Shirreffs, Susan M., Spriet, Lawrence L., Stuart, Mark, Vernec, Alan, Currell, Kevin, Ali, Vidya M., Budgett, Richard, ... Engebretsen, Lars. (2018). IOC consensus statement: dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete0306. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 52(7), pp. 439 - 455. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099027
The 2017 dutch physical activity guidelines
Weggemans, Rianne M., Backx, Frank J.G., Borghouts, Lars, Chinapaw, Mai J.M., Hopman, Maria T., Koster, Annemarie, Kremers, Stef, Van Loon, Luc, May, Anne M., Mosterd, Arend, van der Ploeg, Hidde, Takken, Tim, Visser, Marjolein, Wendel-Vos, Wanda and de Geus, Eco J.C.. (2018). The 2017 dutch physical activity guidelines. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 15(58), pp. 1 - 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0661-9
Interventional strategies to combat muscle disuse atrophy in humans: Focus on neuromuscular electrical stimulation and dietary protein
Dirks, Marlou L., Wall, Benjamin T. and van Loon, Luc. (2018). Interventional strategies to combat muscle disuse atrophy in humans: Focus on neuromuscular electrical stimulation and dietary protein. Journal of Applied Physiology. 125(3), pp. 850 - 861. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00985.2016
IOC Consensus Statement: Dietary Supplements and the High-Performance Athlete
Maughan, Ronald J., Burke, Louise, Dvorak, Jiri, Larson-Meyer, D. E., Peeling, Peter, Phillips, Stuart M., Rawson, Eric S., Walsh, Neil P., Garthe, Ina, Geyer, Hans, Meeusen, Romain, Van Loon, Luc, Shirreffs, Susan M., Spriet, Lawrence L., Stuart, Mark, Vernec, Alan, Currell, Kevin, Ali, Vidya M., Budgett, Richard, ... Engebretsen, Lars. (2018). IOC Consensus Statement: Dietary Supplements and the High-Performance Athlete. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 28(2), pp. 104 - 125. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0020
A novel in vitro model for the assessment of postnatal myonuclear accretion
Kneppers, Anita, Verdijk, Lex B., de Theije, Chiel, Corten, Mark, Gielen, Ellis, van Loon, Luc, Schols, Annemie and Langen, Ramon. (2018). A novel in vitro model for the assessment of postnatal myonuclear accretion. Skeletal Muscle. 8(4), pp. 1 - 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13395-018-0151-4
Protein supplementation after exercise and before sleep does not further augment muscle mass and strength gains during resistance exercise training in active older men
Holwerda, Andrew M., Overkamp, Maarten, Paulussen, Kevin J. M., Smeets, Joey S. J., Van Kranenburg, Janneau, Backx, E. M. P., Gijsen, Annemie P., Goessens, Joy P. B., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc. (2018). Protein supplementation after exercise and before sleep does not further augment muscle mass and strength gains during resistance exercise training in active older men. The Journal of Nutrition. 148(11), pp. 1723 - 1732. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy169
Protein content and amino acid composition of commercially available plant-based protein isolates
Gorissen, Stefan H. M., Crombag, Julie J. R., Senden, Joan M., Huub Waterval, W. A., Bierau, Jörgen, Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc. (2018). Protein content and amino acid composition of commercially available plant-based protein isolates. Amino Acids. 50(12), pp. 1685 - 1695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-018-2640-5
Leucine supplementation does not attenuate skeletal muscle loss during leg immobilization in healthy, young men
Backx, E. M. P., Horstman, Astrid M. H., Marzuca-Nassr, Gabriel N., Van Kranenburg, Janneau, Smeets, Joey S. J., Fuchs, Cas J., Janssen, Anniek A. W., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Snijders, Tim, Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc. (2018). Leucine supplementation does not attenuate skeletal muscle loss during leg immobilization in healthy, young men. Nutrients. 10(635), pp. 1 - 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10050635
Brain tissue plasticity: protein synthesis rates of the human brain0006
Smeets, Joey S. J., Horstman, Astrid M. H., Schijns, Olaf E. M. G., Dings, Jim T. A., Hoogland, Govert, Gijsen, Annemie P., Goessens, Joy P. K., Bouwman, Freek G., Wodzig, Will K. W. H., Mariman, Edwin C. and Van Loon, Luc. (2018). Brain tissue plasticity: protein synthesis rates of the human brain0006. Brain: a journal of neurology. 141(4), pp. 1122 - 1129. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awy015
Adipose tissue lipolytic inhibition enhances the glucoregulatory properties of exercise in type 2 diabetes patients
Hansen, Dominique, Verboven, Kenneth, van Dijk, Jan Willem, Zorenc, Antoine H., Minten, Lennert, Smeets, Kevin, Verdijk, Lex B. and Van Loon, Luc. (2018). Adipose tissue lipolytic inhibition enhances the glucoregulatory properties of exercise in type 2 diabetes patients. European Journal of Sport Science. 18(9), pp. 1245 - 1254. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1483428
Sodium nitrate supplementation alters mitochondrial H2O2 emission but does not improve mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in the heart of healthy rats
Monaco, Cynthia, Miotto, Paula M., Huber, Jason S., Van Loon, Luc, Simpson, Jeremy A. and Holloway, Graham P.. (2018). Sodium nitrate supplementation alters mitochondrial H2O2 emission but does not improve mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in the heart of healthy rats. American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 315(2), pp. 191 - 204. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00275.2017
The effect of acute and 7-days dietary nitrate on mechanical efficiency, exercise performance and cardiac biomarkers in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Beijers, Rosanne J. H. C. G., Huysmans, Stephanie M. D., van de Bool, Coby, Kingma, Boris R. M., Verdijk, Lex B., Van Loon, Luc, Meex, Steven J. R., Gosker, Harry R. and Schols, Annemie M. W. J.. (2018). The effect of acute and 7-days dietary nitrate on mechanical efficiency, exercise performance and cardiac biomarkers in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clinical Nutrition. 37(6), pp. 1852 - 1861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2017.10.011
Repeated-sprint performance and plasma responses following beetroot juice supplementation do not differ between recreational, competitive and elite sprint athletes
Jonvik, Kristin L., Nyakayiru, Jean, van Dijk, Jan Willem, Maase, K., Ballak, S. B., Senden, Joan M., van Loon, Luc and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2018). Repeated-sprint performance and plasma responses following beetroot juice supplementation do not differ between recreational, competitive and elite sprint athletes. European Journal of Sport Science. 18(4), pp. 524 - 533. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1433722
Reply: measurement of regional rates of protein synthesis in human brain in vivo with l-[1-11c]-leucine PET
Smeets, Joey S.J. and Van Loon, Luc. (2018). Reply: measurement of regional rates of protein synthesis in human brain in vivo with l-[1-11c]-leucine PET. Brain: a journal of neurology. 141(7), pp. 52 - 52. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awy119
Dietary nitrate does not reduce oxygen cost of exercise or improve muscle mitochondrial function in patients with mitochondrial myopathy
Nabben, Miranda, Schmitz, Joep P. J., Ciapaite, Jolita, le Clercq, Carlijn M. P., van Riel, Natal A., Haak, Harm R., Nicolay, Klaas, de Coo, Irenaeus F. M., Smeets, Hubert, Praet, Stephan F., van Loon, Lucas J. and Prompers, Jeanine J.. (2017). Dietary nitrate does not reduce oxygen cost of exercise or improve muscle mitochondrial function in patients with mitochondrial myopathy. American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 312(5), pp. R689-R701. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00264.2016
Detection of localized hepatocellular amino acid kinetics by using mass spectrometry imaging of stable isotopes
Arts, Martijn, Soons, Zita, Ellis, Shane R., Pierzchalski, Keely A., Balluff, Benjamin, Eijkel, Gert B., Dubois, Ludwig J., Lieuwes, Natasja G., Agten, Stijn M., Hackeng, Tilman M., Van Loon, Luc, Heeren, Ron M.A. and Damink, Steven W.O.. (2017). Detection of localized hepatocellular amino acid kinetics by using mass spectrometry imaging of stable isotopes. Angewandte Chemie. 56(25), pp. 7146 - 7150. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201702669
Post-exercise muscle glycogen resynthesis in humans
Burke, Louise M., van Loon, Luc J. C. and Hawley, John A.. (2017). Post-exercise muscle glycogen resynthesis in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology. 122(5), pp. 1055-1067. https://doi.org/0.1152/japplphysiol.00860.2016
The impact of dietary protein or amino acid supplementation on muscle mass and strength in elderly people: individual participant data and meta-analysis of rct's
Tieland, Michael, Franssen, Rinske, Dullemeijer, C., van Dronkelaar, C., Kim, H. K., Ispoglou, T., Zhu, Kun, Prince, R. L., Van Loon, Luc and de Groot, Lisette C.P.G.M.. (2017). The impact of dietary protein or amino acid supplementation on muscle mass and strength in elderly people: individual participant data and meta-analysis of rct's. Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging. 21(9), pp. 994 - 1001. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-017-0896-1
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation prior to presleep protein feeding stimulates the use of protein-derived amino acids for overnight muscle protein synthesis
Dirks, Marlou L., Groen, Bart B.L., Franssen, Rinske, van Kranenburg, Janneau and Van Loon, Luc. (2017). Neuromuscular electrical stimulation prior to presleep protein feeding stimulates the use of protein-derived amino acids for overnight muscle protein synthesis. Journal of Applied Physiology. 122(1), pp. 20 - 27. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00331.2016
Muscle fiber capillarization as determining factor on indices of insulin sensitivity in humans
Snijders, Tim, Nederveen, Joshua P., Verdijk, Lex B., Houben, Alfons J.H.M., Goossens, Gijs H., Parise, Gianna and Van Loon, Luc. (2017). Muscle fiber capillarization as determining factor on indices of insulin sensitivity in humans. Physiological Reports. 5(10), pp. 1 - 5. https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.13278
Postexercise muscle glycogen resynthesis in humans
Burke, Louise, Van Loon, Luc and Hawley, John. (2017). Postexercise muscle glycogen resynthesis in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology. 122(5), pp. 1055 - 1067. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00860.2016
Consideration of insects as a source of dietary protein for human consumption
Churchward-Venne, T. A., Pinckaers, Philippe J. M., van Loon, Joop J. A. and Van Loon, Luc. (2017). Consideration of insects as a source of dietary protein for human consumption. Nutrition Reviews. 75(12), pp. 1035 - 1045. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nux057
Protein supplementation augments muscle fiber hypertrophy but does not modulate satellite cell content during prolonged resistance-type exercise training in frail elderly
Dirks, Marlou L., Tieland, Michael, Verdijk, Lex B., Losen, Mario, Nilwik, Rachel, Mensink, Marco, de Groot, Lisette C.P.G.M. and Van Loon, Luc. (2017). Protein supplementation augments muscle fiber hypertrophy but does not modulate satellite cell content during prolonged resistance-type exercise training in frail elderly. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (JAMDA): long-term care: management, applied research and clinical issues. 18(7), pp. 608 - 615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2017.02.006
Glucose plus fructose ingestion for post exercise recovery greater than the sum of its parts?
Gonzalez, Javier T., Fuchs, Cas J., Betts, James A. and Van Loon, Luc. (2017). Glucose plus fructose ingestion for post exercise recovery greater than the sum of its parts? Nutrients. 9(4), pp. 1 - 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9040344
Twenty-four-hour biological variation profiles of cardiac troponin I in individuals with or without chronic kidney disease
Van Der Linden, Noreen, Hilderink, Judith M., Cornelis, Tom, Kimenai, Dorien M., Klinkenberg, Lieke J.J., Van Doorn, William P., Litjens, Elisabeth J.R., Van Suijlen, Jeroen D.E., Van Loon, Luc, Bekers, Otto, Kooman, Jeroen P. and Meex, Steven J.R.. (2017). Twenty-four-hour biological variation profiles of cardiac troponin I in individuals with or without chronic kidney disease. Clinical Chemistry (Washington, DC): international journal of molecular diagnostics and laboratory medicine. 63(10), pp. 1655 - 1656. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2017.275107
Dietary protein intake and distribution patterns of well-trained Dutch athletes
Gillen, Jenna B., Trommelen, Jorn, Wardenaar, Floris C., Brinkmans, Naomi Y.J., Versteegen, Joline J., Jonvik, Kristin L., Kapp, Christoph, de Vries, Jeanne, van den Borne, Joost J.G.C., Gibala, M. J. and Van Loon, Luc. (2017). Dietary protein intake and distribution patterns of well-trained Dutch athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 27(2), pp. 105 - 114. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0154
Differential effects of leucine and leucine-enriched whey protein on skeletal muscle protein synthesis in aged mice
Dijk, Francina J., van Dijk, Miriam, Walrand, Stéphane, Van Loon, Luc, van Norren, Klaske and Luiking, Yvette C.. (2017). Differential effects of leucine and leucine-enriched whey protein on skeletal muscle protein synthesis in aged mice. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN. 24, pp. 127 - 133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2017.12.013
Extensive type ii muscle fiber atrophy in elderly female hip fracture patients
Kramer, Irene F., Snijders, Tim, Smeets, Joey S.J., Leenders, Marika, van Kranenburg, Janneau, den Hoed, Marcel, Verdijk, Lex B., Poeze, Martijn and Van Loon, Luc. (2017). Extensive type ii muscle fiber atrophy in elderly female hip fracture patients. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A. 72(10), pp. 1369 - 1375. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glw253
Fructose and sucrose intake increase exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during exercise
Trommelen, Jorn, Fuchs, Cas J., Beelen, M, Lenaerts, Kaatje, Jeukendrup, A. E., Cermak, N. and Van Loon, Luc. (2017). Fructose and sucrose intake increase exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during exercise. Nutrients. 9(2), pp. 1 - 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9020167
Protein ingestion before sleep increases overnight muscle protein synthesis rates in healthy older men: A randomized controlled trial
Kouw, Imre W.K., Holwerda, Andrew M., Trommelen, Jorn, Kramer, Irene Fleur, Bastiaanse, Jacqueline, Halson, Shona, Wodzig, Will K.W.H., Verdijk, Lex B. and Van Loon, Luc. (2017). Protein ingestion before sleep increases overnight muscle protein synthesis rates in healthy older men: A randomized controlled trial. The Journal of Nutrition. 147(12), pp. 2252 - 2261. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.117.254532
Sodium nitrate ingestion increases skeletal muscle nitrate content in humans
Nyakayiru, Jean, Kouw, Imre W.K., Cermak, N, Senden, Joan M., Van Loon, Luc and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2017). Sodium nitrate ingestion increases skeletal muscle nitrate content in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology. 123(3), pp. 637 - 644. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01036.2016
Intramyocellular lipid content and lipogenic gene expression responses following a single bout of resistance type exercise differ between young and older men
Tsintzas, Kostas, Stephens, F. B., Snijders, Tim, Wall, Benjamin T., Cooper, Scott, Mallinson, Joanne, Verdijk, Lex B. and Van Loon, Luc. (2017). Intramyocellular lipid content and lipogenic gene expression responses following a single bout of resistance type exercise differ between young and older men. Experimental Gerontology. 93, pp. 36 - 45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2017.03.018
Commentaries on Viewpoint: A time for exercise: the exercise window
Boule, Normand G., Terada, Tasuku, Francois, Monique E., Hawley, John, Cotter, James D., Kruse, Nicholas T., McDonald, Matthew W., Olver, T D., Paoli, Antonio, Sacchetti, Massimo, Di Luigi, Luigi, van Dijk, Jan W., Van Loon, Luc, Yardley, Jane E., DiPietro, Loretta, Gribok, Andrei and Rumpler, William. (2017). Commentaries on Viewpoint: A time for exercise: the exercise window. Journal of Applied Physiology. 122(1), pp. 210 - 213. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00938.2016
No effect of acute and 6-day nitrate supplementation on VO2 and time-trial performance in highly trained cyclists
Nyakayiru, Jean, Jonvik, Kristin L., Pinckaers, Philippe J.M., Senden, Joan M., Van Loon, Luc and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2017). No effect of acute and 6-day nitrate supplementation on VO2 and time-trial performance in highly trained cyclists. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 27(1), pp. 11 - 17. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0034
Food ingestion in an upright sitting position increases postprandial amino acid availability when compared with food ingestion in a lying down position
Holwerda, Andrew M., Lenaerts, Kaatje, Bierau, Jörgen, Wodzig, Will K.W.H. and Van Loon, Luc. (2017). Food ingestion in an upright sitting position increases postprandial amino acid availability when compared with food ingestion in a lying down position. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. 42(7), pp. 738 - 743. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2016-0522
Beetroot juice supplementation improves high-intensity intermittent type exercise performance in trained soccer players
Nyakayiru, Jean, Jonvik, Kristin L., Trommelen, Jorn, Pinckaers, Philippe J.M., Senden, Joan M., Van Loon, Luc and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2017). Beetroot juice supplementation improves high-intensity intermittent type exercise performance in trained soccer players. Nutrients. 9(3), pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9030314
Seasonal variation in vitamin d status in elite athletes: a longitudinal study
Backx, E. M.P., van der Avoort, Cindy van, Tieland, Michael, Maase, K., Kies, A. K., Van Loon, Luc, de Groot, Lisette C.P.G.M. and Mensink, M.. (2017). Seasonal variation in vitamin d status in elite athletes: a longitudinal study. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 27(1), pp. 6 - 10. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0177
Glycemic control during consecutive days with prolongedwalking exercise in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus
van Dijk, Jan Willem, Eijsvogels, Thijs M., Nyakayiru, Jean, Schreuder, Tim H. A., Hopman, Maria T., Thijssen, Dick H. and Van Loon, Lucas. (2016). Glycemic control during consecutive days with prolongedwalking exercise in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 117, pp. 74 - 81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2016.04.053
May bed rest cause greater muscle loss than limb immobilization?
Dirks, M. L., Backx, E. M. P., Wall, B. T., Verdijk, L. B. and van Loon, L.. (2016). May bed rest cause greater muscle loss than limb immobilization? Acta Physiologica. 218(1), pp. 10-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12699
Hyperoxia increases arterial oxygen pressure during exercise in type 2 diabetes patients: A feasibility study
Rozenberg, Robert, Mankowski, Robert T., van Loon, Luc, Langendonk, Janneke G., Sijbrands, Eric J. G., van den Meiracker, Anton H., Stam, Henk J. and Praet, Stephan F. E.. (2016). Hyperoxia increases arterial oxygen pressure during exercise in type 2 diabetes patients: A feasibility study. European Journal of Medical Research. 21(1), pp. 1 - 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-015-0194-5
Cardiac Troponin T and i Release after a 30-km Run
Klinkenberg, Lieke J. J., Luyten, Peter, Van Der Linden, Noreen, Urgel, Kim, Snijders, Daniëlle P. C., Knackstedt, Christian, Dennert, Robert, Kietselaer, Bastiaan L. J. H., Mingels, Alma M. A., Cardinaels, Eline P. M., Peeters, Frederique E. C. M., Van Suijlen, Jeroen D. E., Kate, Joop Ten, Marsch, Elke, Theelen, Thomas L., Sluimer, Judith C., Wouters, Kristiaan, Bekers, Otto, Bekkers, Sebastiaan C. A. M., ... Meex, Steven J. R.. (2016). Cardiac Troponin T and i Release after a 30-km Run. American Journal of Cardiology. 118(2), pp. 281 - 287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.04.030
Prognostic value of basal high-sensitive cardiac troponin levels on mortality in the general population
van der Linden, Noreen, Klinkenberg, Lieke J. J., Bekers, Otto, van Loon, Luc, Van Dieijen-Visser, Marja P., Zeegers, Maurice P. and Meex, Steven J. R.. (2016). Prognostic value of basal high-sensitive cardiac troponin levels on mortality in the general population. Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000005703
Short-term muscle disuse lowers myofibrillar protein synthesis rates and induces anabolic resistance to protein ingestion
Wall, Benjamin T., Dirks, Marlou L., Snijders, Tim, Willem van Dijk, Jan, Fritsch, Mario, Verdijk, Lex B. and Van Loon, Luc. (2016). Short-term muscle disuse lowers myofibrillar protein synthesis rates and induces anabolic resistance to protein ingestion. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00227.2015
Impact of diet composition on blood glucose regulation
Russell, Wendy R., Baka, Athanasia, Bjorck, Inger, Delzenne, Nathalie, Gao, Dan, Griffiths, Helen R., Hadjilucas, Ellie, Juvonen, Kristiina, Lahtinen, Sampo, Lansink, Mirian, van Loon, Luc, Mykkanen, Hannu, Ostman, Elin, Riccardi, Gabrielle, Vinoy, Sophie and Weickert, Martin O.. (2016). Impact of diet composition on blood glucose regulation. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 56(4), pp. 541 - 590. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2013.792772
The Martin Vigorimeter Represents a Reliable and More Practical Tool Than the Jamar Dynamometer to Assess Handgrip Strength in the Geriatric Patient
Sipers, Walther M. W. H., Verdijk, Lex B., Sipers, Simone J. E., Schols, Jos M. G. A. and Van Loon, Luc. (2016). The Martin Vigorimeter Represents a Reliable and More Practical Tool Than the Jamar Dynamometer to Assess Handgrip Strength in the Geriatric Patient. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 17(5), pp. 1 - 7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2016.02.026
Resistance training increases skeletal muscle capillarization in healthy older men
Verdijk, Lex B., Snijders, Tim, Holloway, Tanya M., Van Kranenburg, Janneau and van Loon, Luc. (2016). Resistance training increases skeletal muscle capillarization in healthy older men. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 48(11), pp. 2157 - 2164. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001019
Habitual Dietary Nitrate Intake in Highly Trained Athletes
Jonvik, Kristin L., Nyakayiru, Jean, Willem van Dijk, Jan, Wardenaar, Floris C., Van Loon, Lucas and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2016). Habitual Dietary Nitrate Intake in Highly Trained Athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0239
Protein intake and lean body mass preservation during energy intake restriction in overweight older adults
Backx, E. M. P., Tieland, Michael, Borgonjen-Van Den Berg, Karin J., Claessen, P. R., Van Loon, Lucas and de Groot, Lisette C.P.G.M.. (2016). Protein intake and lean body mass preservation during energy intake restriction in overweight older adults. International Journal of Obesity. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2015.182
Changes in myonuclear domain size do not precede muscle hypertrophy during prolonged resistance-type exercise training
Snijders, Tim, Smeets, Joey S. J., Van Kranenburg, Janneau, Kies, A. K., Van Loon, Lucas and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2016). Changes in myonuclear domain size do not precede muscle hypertrophy during prolonged resistance-type exercise training. Acta Physiologica. https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12609
Resistance exercise augments postprandial overnight muscle protein synthesis rates
Trommelen, Jorn, Holwerda, Andrew M., Kouw, Imre W. K., Langer, Henning, Halson, Shona L., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2016). Resistance exercise augments postprandial overnight muscle protein synthesis rates. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 48(12), pp. 2517-2525. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001045
Presleep protein ingestion does not compromise the muscle protein synthetic response to protein ingested the following morning
Wall, Benjamin T., Burd, Nicholas A., Franssen, Rinske, Gorissen, Stefan H. M., Snijders, Tim, Senden, Joan M., Gijsen, Annemie P. and van Loon, Luc. (2016). Presleep protein ingestion does not compromise the muscle protein synthetic response to protein ingested the following morning. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. 311(6), pp. E964-E973. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00325.2016
Diurnal rhythm of cardiac troponin: Consequences for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction
Klinkenberg, Lieke J. J., Wildi, Karin, Van Der Linden, Noreen, Kouw, Imre W. K., Niens, Marijke, Twerenbold, Raphael, Gimenez, Maria Rubini, Puelacher, Christian, Neuhaus, Jean Daniel, Hillinger, Petra, Nestelberger, Thomas, Boeddinghaus, Jasper, Grimm, Karin, Sabti, Zaid, Bons, Judith A. P., Van Suijlen, Jeroen D. E., Tan, Frans E. S., Kate, Joop Ten, Bekers, Otto, ... Meex, Steven J. R.. (2016). Diurnal rhythm of cardiac troponin: Consequences for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Clinical Chemistry. 62(12), pp. 1602 - 1611. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2016.257485
Expression of protocadherin gamma in skeletal muscle tissue is associated with age and muscle weakness
Hangelbroek, Roland W. J., Fazelzadeh, Parastoo, Tieland, Michael, Boekschoten, Mark V., Hooiveld, Guido J. E. J., van Duynhoven, John P. M., Timmons, James A., Verdijk, Lex B., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Van Loon, Luc and Müller, Michael. (2016). Expression of protocadherin gamma in skeletal muscle tissue is associated with age and muscle weakness. Journal Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 7(5), pp. 604 - 614. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12099
The impact of 1-year vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D status in athletes: A dose-response study
Backx, E. M. P., Tieland, Michael, Maase, K., Kies, A. K., Mensink, M., Van Loon, Luc and de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M.. (2016). The impact of 1-year vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D status in athletes: A dose-response study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 70(9), pp. 1009 - 1014. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2016.133
Recommendations for the conduct of clinical trials for drugs to treat or prevent sarcopenia
Reginster, Jean Yves, Cooper, Cyrus, Rizzoli, Rene, Kanis, John A., Appelboom, Geoff, Bautmans, Ivan, Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A., Boers, Maarten, Brandi, Maria Luisa, Bruyère, Olivier, Cherubini, Antonio, Flamion, Bruno, Fielding, Roger A., Gasparik, Andrea Ildiko, Van Loon, Lucas, McCloskey, Eugene, Mitlak, Bruce, Pilotto, Alberto, Reiter-Niesert, Suzanne, ... Cruz-Jentoft, Alfonso J.. (2016). Recommendations for the conduct of clinical trials for drugs to treat or prevent sarcopenia. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-015-0517-y
Hypoxia induces a prothrombotic state independently of the physical activity
Ninivaggi, Marisa, De Laat, Marieke, Lancé, Marcus M. D., Kicken, Cécile H., Pelkmans, Leonie, Bloemen, Saartje, Dirks, Marlou L., Van Loon, Luc, Govers-Riemslag, José W. P., Lindhout, Theo, Konings, Joke and De Laat, Bas. (2015). Hypoxia induces a prothrombotic state independently of the physical activity. PLoS ONE. 10(10), pp. 1 - 14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141797
Prolonged adaptation to a low or high protein diet does not modulate basal muscle protein synthesis rates: A substudy
Hursel, Rick, Martens, Eveline A. P., Gonnissen, Hanne K. J., Hamer, Henrike M., Senden, Joan M., Van Loon, Luc and Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S.. (2015). Prolonged adaptation to a low or high protein diet does not modulate basal muscle protein synthesis rates: A substudy. PLoS ONE. 10(9), pp. 1 - 15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137183
Can elite athletes benefit from dietary nitrate supplementation?
Jonvik, Kristin L., Nyakayiru, Jean, Van Loon, Luc and Verdijk, Lex B.. (2015). Can elite athletes benefit from dietary nitrate supplementation? Journal of Applied Physiology. 119(6), pp. 759 - 761. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00232.2015
Exercise strategies to optimize glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: A continuing glucose monitoring perspective
van Dijk, Jan Willem and Van Loon, Luc. (2015). Exercise strategies to optimize glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: A continuing glucose monitoring perspective. Diabetes Spectrum. 28(1), pp. 24 - 31. https://doi.org/10.2337/diaspect.28.1.24
Aging is accompanied by a blunted muscle protein synthetic response to protein ingestion
Wall, Benjamin T., Gorissen, Stefan H. M., Pennings, Bart, Koopman, René, Groen, Bart B. L., Verdijk, Lex B. and Van Loon, Luc. (2015). Aging is accompanied by a blunted muscle protein synthetic response to protein ingestion. PLoS ONE. 10(11), pp. 1 - 13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140903
Post-prandial protein handling: You are what you just ate
Groen, Bart B. L., Horstman, Astrid M. H., Hamer, Henrike M., De Haan, Michiel, Van Kranenburg, Janneau, Bierau, Jörgen, Poeze, Martijn, Wodzig, Will K. W. H., Rasmussen, Blake B. and van Loon, Luc. (2015). Post-prandial protein handling: You are what you just ate. PLoS ONE. 10(11), pp. 1 - 22. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141582
Dietary Protein as a Trigger for Metabolic Adaptation
Van Loon, Luc. (2014). Dietary Protein as a Trigger for Metabolic Adaptation. In In R. J. Maughan (Ed.). The Encyclopaedia of Sports Medicine: An IOC Medical Commission Publication pp. 147-155 Wiley-Blackwell.
The use of doubly labeled milk protein to measure postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates in vivo in humans
Burd, N., Cermak, N., Kouw, Imre W. K., Gorissen, Stefan H. M., Gijsen, Annemie P. and Van Loon, Luc. (2014). The use of doubly labeled milk protein to measure postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates in vivo in humans. Journal of Applied Physiology. 117(11), pp. 1363 - 1370. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00411.2014
The effect of a six-month resistance-type exercise training program on the course of high sensitive cardiac troponin T levels in (pre)frail elderly
Van Der Linden, Noreen, Tieland, Michael, Klinkenberg, Lieke J. J., Verdijk, Lex B., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., Van Loon, Lucas, Van Dieijen-Visser, Marja P. and Meex, Steven J. R.. (2014). The effect of a six-month resistance-type exercise training program on the course of high sensitive cardiac troponin T levels in (pre)frail elderly. International Journal of Cardiology. 175(2), pp. 374 - 375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.05.017
Kracht- en duurinspanning verbeteren 24-uurs bloedglucosehomeostase bij personen met een verminderde glucosetolerantie bij patiënten met type 2 diabetes
Jan Willem van Dijk, Ralph J F Manders, Kyra Tummers, A G Bonomi, Coen D A Stehouwer, Fred Hartgens and Luc Van Loon. (2013). Kracht- en duurinspanning verbeteren 24-uurs bloedglucosehomeostase bij personen met een verminderde glucosetolerantie bij patiënten met type 2 diabetes. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Diabetologie. 11(2), pp. 52-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12467-013-0019-5
Voeding bij intensieve sportbeoefening
Van Loon, L., van Erp-Baart, A. M. J. and Saris, Wim H. M. (2013). Voeding bij intensieve sportbeoefening. In In Majorie Former (Ed.). Informatorium Voeding en Dietetiek - Voedingsleer pp. 547-568 Springer.
The role of amino acids in skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise
Aguirre, Nick, Van Loon, Lucas and Baar, Keith. (2013). The role of amino acids in skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise. In In E. Isolauri, P.M. Sherman and W. A. Walker (Ed.). Nestle Nutrition Institute workshop series pp. 85 - 102 S. Karger AG. https://doi.org/10.1159/000350261
Disturbed energy metabolism and muscular dystrophy caused by pure creatine deficiency are reversible by creatine intake
Nabuurs, C. I., Choe, C. U., Veltien, A., Kan, H. E., Van Loon, Luc, Rodenburg, R. J. T., Matschke, J., Wieringa, B., Kemp, G. J., Isbrandt, D. and Heerschap, A.. (2013). Disturbed energy metabolism and muscular dystrophy caused by pure creatine deficiency are reversible by creatine intake. Journal of Physiology. 591(2), pp. 571 - 592. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2012.241760
Elderly men and women benefit equally from prolonged resistance-type exercise training
Leenders, Marika, Verdijk, Lex B., van der Hoeven, Letty, Van Kranenburg, Janneau, Nilwik, Rachel and Van Loon, Luc. (2013). Elderly men and women benefit equally from prolonged resistance-type exercise training. Journals of Gerontology: Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 68(7), pp. 769 - 779. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/gls241
Validity and Reliability of Tools to Measure Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review
Mijnarends, Donja M., Meijers, Judith M. M., Halfens, Ruud J. G., Borg, Sovianne Ter, Luiking, Yvette C., Verlaan, Sjors, Schoberer, Daniela, Cruz-Jentoft, Alfonso J., Van Loon, Luc and Schols, Jos M. G. A.. (2013). Validity and Reliability of Tools to Measure Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 14(3), pp. 170 - 178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2012.10.009
Substantial differences between organ and muscle specific tracer incorporation rates in a lactating dairy cow
Burd, N, Hamer, Henrike M., Pennings, Bart, Pellikaan, Wilbert F., Senden, Joan M., Gijsen, Annemie P. and Van Loon, Luc. (2013). Substantial differences between organ and muscle specific tracer incorporation rates in a lactating dairy cow. PLoS ONE. 8(6), pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068109
Effect of antioxidant supplementation on exercise-induced cardiac troponin release in cyclists: A randomized trial
Klinkenberg, Lieke J. J., Res, Peter T., Haenen, Guido R., Bast, Aalt, Van Loon, Luc, Van Dieijen-Visser, Marja P. and Meex, Steven J. R.. (2013). Effect of antioxidant supplementation on exercise-induced cardiac troponin release in cyclists: A randomized trial. PLoS ONE. 8(11), pp. 1 - 6. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079280
Limits of Human Endurance
Van Loon, Luc and Meeusen, Romain. (2012). Limits of Human Endurance S. Karger AG.
Nutritional approaches to treating sarcopenia
Paddon-Jones, Douglas and van Loon, Luc. (2012). Nutritional approaches to treating sarcopenia. In In Cruz-Jentoft, Alfonso J. and Morley, John E. (Ed.). Sarcopenia pp. 275-295 Wiley-Blackwell.
Strong link between basal and exercise-induced cardiac troponin T levels: Do both reflect risk?
Klinkenberg, Lieke J. J., Res, Peter T., Van Loon, Lucas, Van Dieijen-Visser, Marja P. and Meex, Steven J. R.. (2012). Strong link between basal and exercise-induced cardiac troponin T levels: Do both reflect risk? International Journal of Cardiology. 158(1), pp. 129 - 131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.04.050
The single biopsy approach is reliable for the measurement of muscle protein synthesis rates in vivo in older men
Burd, N., Pennings, Bart, Groen, Bart B. L., Gijsen, Annemie P., Senden, Joan M. and Van Loon, Luc. (2012). The single biopsy approach is reliable for the measurement of muscle protein synthesis rates in vivo in older men. Journal of Applied Physiology. 113(6), pp. 896 - 902. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00513.2012
Inspanningstherapie bij type 2 diabetes: is dagelijkse inspanning noodzakelijk om glycemische controle te optimaliseren?
van Dijk, Jan W., Tummers, Kyra, Stehouwer, Coen D.A., Hartgens, Fred and van Loon, Luc. (2012). Inspanningstherapie bij type 2 diabetes: is dagelijkse inspanning noodzakelijk om glycemische controle te optimaliseren? Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Diabetologie. 10(2), pp. 60 - 61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12467-012-0021-3
Protein Supplementation Improves Physical Performance in Frail Elderly People: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Tieland, Michael, De Rest, Ondine Van, Dirks, Marlou L., Van Der Zwalu, Nikita L., Mensink, Marco, Van Loon, Luc and de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M.. (2012). Protein Supplementation Improves Physical Performance in Frail Elderly People: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 13(8), pp. 720 - 726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2012.07.005
Exercise-Induced splanchnic hypoperfusion results in gut dysfunction in healthy men
Wijck, Kim V., Lenaerts, Kaatje, Van Loon, Luc, Peters, Wilbert H. M., Buurman, Wim A. and Dejong, Cornelis H. C.. (2011). Exercise-Induced splanchnic hypoperfusion results in gut dysfunction in healthy men. PLoS ONE. 6(7), pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022366
Nutritional strategies to promote postexercise recovery
Beelen, M, Burke, Louise, Gibala, M and van Loon, Luc. (2010). Nutritional strategies to promote postexercise recovery. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 20(6), pp. 515 - 532. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.20.6.515