Resourcing hospital infection prevention and control units in Australia: A discussion paper

Journal article

Brett Mitchell, Deborough Macbeth, Kate Halton, Anne Gardner and Lisa Hall. (2017). Resourcing hospital infection prevention and control units in Australia: A discussion paper. Infection, Disease and Health. 22(2), pp. 83-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2017.02.001
AuthorsBrett Mitchell, Deborough Macbeth, Kate Halton, Anne Gardner and Lisa Hall
Abstract

Background
Infection control professionals (ICPs) are critical in maintaining high standards of quality patient care. Until recently, little was known about the scope of practice, structures, resources and priorities for ICPs and infection control units more generally. Over the past three years we have undertaken a program of work to explore these issues. The purpose of this discussion paper is to synthesise these results and outline implications for the Australian infection control community.

Methods
We undertook a survey of individual ICPs in Australian and New Zealand and a survey of hospital infection control units within Australia. To understand how our research program could be used to inform and be of value, we also convened a stakeholder workshop to discuss how data from our studies could be translated into meaningfully constructed findings. A synthesis of the findings from the two surveys and the workshop was undertaken and this formed the basis of this discussion paper.

Results
We were able for the first time, to comprehensively report on infection control staffing levels, priorities and barriers within Australia. We identified considerable variability in the scope, experience and expertise of ICPs and the potential value that credentialing has with respect to effective infection control programs. We were however, unable to develop recommendations with respect to staffing.

Conclusion
The findings of our work may be used in designing and justifying business cases for infection prevention and control resources. There is also a need to undertake a similar study in settings other than hospitals.

Keywordsinfection control; cross infection; health services; clinical governance
Year2017
JournalInfection, Disease and Health
Journal citation22 (2), pp. 83-88
PublisherElsevier B.V.
ISSN2468-0451
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2017.02.001
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85015630061
Publisher's version
File Access Level
Controlled
Publication process dates
Deposited26 Apr 2021
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Writing ourselves into a web of obedience: A nursing policy analysis
Bail, Kasia, Cook, Robert, Gardner, Anne and Grealish, Laurie. (2009). Writing ourselves into a web of obedience: A nursing policy analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 46(11), pp. 1457 - 1466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.04.005
Potential scope and impact of a transboundary model of nurse practitioners in aged care
Bail, Kasia, Arbon, Paul, Eggert, Marlene, Gardner, Anne, Hogan, Sonia, Phillips, Christine, van Dieman, Nicole and Waddington, Gordon. (2009). Potential scope and impact of a transboundary model of nurse practitioners in aged care. Australian Journal of Primary Health. 15(3), pp. 232 - 237. https://doi.org/10.1071/PY09009
Patients' and nurses' perspectives on oxygen therapy: A qualitative study
Eastwood, Glenn, O'Connell, Beverley, Gardner, Anne and Considine, Julie. (2009). Patients' and nurses' perspectives on oxygen therapy: A qualitative study. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 65(3), pp. 634 - 641. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04933.x
Reporting a research project on the potential of aged care nurse practitioners in the Australian capital territory
Arbon, Paul, Bail, Kasia, Eggert, Marlene, Gardner, Anne, Hogan, Sonia, Phillips, Christine, van Dieman, Nicole and Waddington, Gordon. (2009). Reporting a research project on the potential of aged care nurse practitioners in the Australian capital territory. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 18(2), pp. 255 - 262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02452.x
Selecting the right integration of research into practice strategy
Eastwood, Glenn, O'Connell, Beverley and Gardner, Anne. (2008). Selecting the right integration of research into practice strategy. Journal of Nursing Care Quality. 23(3), pp. 258 - 264. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NCQ.0000324591.76590.e9
From competence to capability: A study of nurse practitioners in clinical practice
Gardner, Anne, Hase, Stewart, Gardner, Glenn, Dunn, Sandra and Carryer, Jenny. (2008). From competence to capability: A study of nurse practitioners in clinical practice. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 17(2), pp. 250 - 258. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01880.x
Evaluation of nasopharyngeal oxygen, nasal prongs and facemask oxygen therapy devices in adult patients: A randomised crossover trial
Eastwood, Glenn, O'Connell, Beverley, Gardner, Anne and Considine, Julie. (2008). Evaluation of nasopharyngeal oxygen, nasal prongs and facemask oxygen therapy devices in adult patients: A randomised crossover trial. Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. 36(5), pp. 691 - 694.
The core role of the nurse practitioner: practice, professionalism and clinical leadership
Carryer, Jenny, Gardner, Glenn, Dunn, Sandra and Gardner, Anne. (2007). The core role of the nurse practitioner: practice, professionalism and clinical leadership. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 16(10), pp. 1818 - 1825. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2007.01823.x
Living with chronic illness
Gardner, Glenn and Gardner, Anne. (2007). Living with chronic illness. In In McAllister, Margaret (Ed.). Solution focused nursing : Rethinking practice pp. 143-153 Palgrave Macmillan.
Dealing with data: optimising data consistency to demonstrate the value of nurse practitioner service
Gardner, Anne, Millar, Lynne and Driscoll, Andrea. (2007). Dealing with data: optimising data consistency to demonstrate the value of nurse practitioner service. The Nurse Practitioner Series. 2(1), pp. 19 - 25.
Intravascular catheter bloodstream infections: An effective and sustained hospital-wide prevention program over 8 years
Collignon, Peter J., eimanis, Dianne E., Beckingham, Wendy D., Roberts, Jan L. and Gardner, Anne. (2007). Intravascular catheter bloodstream infections: An effective and sustained hospital-wide prevention program over 8 years. Medical Journal of Australia. 187(10), pp. 551 - 554.
The capability of nurse practitioners may be diminished by controlling protocols
Carryer, Jenny, Gardner, Glenn, Dunn, Sandra and Gardner, Anne. (2007). The capability of nurse practitioners may be diminished by controlling protocols. Australian Health Review. 31(1), pp. 108 - 115. https://doi.org/10.1071/AH070108
Clinical usefulness and feasibility of using Reality Orientation with patients who have dementia in acute care settings
O'Connell, Beverley, Gardner, Anne, Takase, Miyuki, Hawkins, Mary, Ostaszkiewicz, Joan, Ski, Chantal and Josipovic, Patricia. (2007). Clinical usefulness and feasibility of using Reality Orientation with patients who have dementia in acute care settings. International Journal of Nursing Practice. 13(3), pp. 182 - 192. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2007.00624.x
Prevalence of genital human papillomavirus DNA in a sample of senior school-aged women in the Australian Capital Territory
O'Keefe, Elissa, Gardner, Anne, Currie, Marian, Garland, Suzanne, Tabrizi, Sepehr and Bowden, Francis. (2006). Prevalence of genital human papillomavirus DNA in a sample of senior school-aged women in the Australian Capital Territory. Sexual Health. 3(2), pp. 91 - 94. https://doi.org/10.1071/SH05047
Competency and capability: imperative for nurse practitioner education
Gardner, Glenn, Carryer, Jenny, Dunn, Sandra and Gardner, Anne. (2006). Competency and capability: imperative for nurse practitioner education. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing. 24(1), pp. 8 - 14.
Using a monitored sip test to assess risk of aspiration in postoperative patients
Osborne, Sonya, Gardner, Glenn, Gardner, Anne, Franklin, Susan, Tuohy, Elizabeth and Fisher, Alex. (2006). Using a monitored sip test to assess risk of aspiration in postoperative patients. AORN Journal. 83(4), pp. 908 - 928. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-2092(06)60010-0
Sedation and analgesia management for mechanically ventilated adults: literature review, case study and recommendations for practice
Feeley, Kathy and Gardner, Anne. (2006). Sedation and analgesia management for mechanically ventilated adults: literature review, case study and recommendations for practice. Australian Critical Care. 19(2), pp. 73 - 77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1036-7314(06)80012-3
How ophthalmic day surgery patients convalesce at home: an exploration of the salient issues
Ryan, Fiona, O'Connell, Beverley and Gardner, Anne. (2006). How ophthalmic day surgery patients convalesce at home: an exploration of the salient issues. Day Surgery Australia. 5(3), pp. 11 - 16.
Pressure injury: an exploration of the relationship between risk factors and interface pressure
Gardner, Anne, Dunk, Ann Marie, Eggert, Marlene, Gardner, Glenn and Wellman, David. (2006). Pressure injury: an exploration of the relationship between risk factors and interface pressure. Wound Practice & Research. 14(4), pp. 140 - 149.
Nurse Practitioner competency standards: Findings from collaborative Australian and New Zealand research
Gardner, Glenn, Carryer, Jenny, Gardner, Anne and Dunn, Sandra. (2006). Nurse Practitioner competency standards: Findings from collaborative Australian and New Zealand research. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 43(5), pp. 601 - 610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.09.002
A trial of nurse practitioner scope of practice
Gardner, Anne and Gardner, Glenn. (2005). A trial of nurse practitioner scope of practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 49(2), pp. 135 - 145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03273.x
Best practice in stabilisation of oral endotracheal tubes: a systematic review
Gardner, Anne, Hughes, Dot, Cook, Robert, Henson, Rachael, Osborne, Sonya and Gardner, Glenn. (2005). Best practice in stabilisation of oral endotracheal tubes: a systematic review. Australian Critical Care. 18(4), pp. 158 - 165. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1036-7314(05)80029-3
Parenting a preterm infant: Experiences in a regional neonatal health services programme
Rowe, Jennifer, Gardner, Glenn and Gardner, Anne. (2005). Parenting a preterm infant: Experiences in a regional neonatal health services programme. Neonatal, Paediatric and Child Health Nursing. 8(1), pp. 17 - 23.