Walking-friendly built environments and objectively measured physical function in older adults

Journal article

Koohsari, Mohammad Javad, McCormack, Gavin R., Nakaya, Tomoki, Shibata, Ai, Ishii, Kaori, Yasunaga, Akitomo, Liao, Yung and Oka, Koichiro. (2020). Walking-friendly built environments and objectively measured physical function in older adults. Journal of Sport and Health Science. 9, pp. 651-656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.002
AuthorsKoohsari, Mohammad Javad, McCormack, Gavin R., Nakaya, Tomoki, Shibata, Ai, Ishii, Kaori, Yasunaga, Akitomo, Liao, Yung and Oka, Koichiro
Abstract

Background
Few studies have examined the associations between urban design attributes and older adults’ physical function. Especially, it is not well known how built-environment attributes may influence physical function in Asian cities. The aim of this study was to examine associations between objectively measured environmental attributes of walkability and objectively assessed physical function in a sample of Japanese older adults.

Methods
Cross-sectional data collected in 2013 from 314 older residents (aged 65–84 years) living in Japan were used. Physical function was estimated from objectively measured upper- and lower-body function, mobility, and balance by a trained research team member. A comprehensive list of built-environment attributes, including population density, availability of destinations, intersection density, and distance to the nearest public transport station, were objectively calculated. Walk Score as a composite measure of neighborhood walkability was also obtained.

Results
Among men, higher population density, availability of destinations, and intersection density were significantly associated with better physical function performance (1-legged stance with eyes open). Higher Walk Score was also marginally associated with better physical function performance (1-legged stance with eyes open). None of the environmental attributes were associated with physical function in elderly women.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that environmental attributes of walkability are associated with the physical function of elderly men in the context of Asia. Walking-friendly neighborhoods can not only promote older adults’ active behaviors but can also support their physical function.

Keywordselderly; functional test; neighborhood; urban design; walkability
Year2020
JournalJournal of Sport and Health Science
Journal citation9, pp. 651-656
PublisherShanghai Tiyu Xueyuan
ISSN2095-2546
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.002
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85082869581
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range651-656
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online07 Feb 2020
Publication process dates
Accepted12 Dec 2019
Deposited31 May 2021
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