Importance of considering interoceptive abilities in alexithymia assessment

Journal article

Fournier, Alicia, Luminet, Olivier, Dambrun, Michael, Dutheil, Frédéric, Pellissier, Sonia and Mondillon, Laurie. (2019). Importance of considering interoceptive abilities in alexithymia assessment. PeerJ. 7, p. e7615. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7615
AuthorsFournier, Alicia, Luminet, Olivier, Dambrun, Michael, Dutheil, Frédéric, Pellissier, Sonia and Mondillon, Laurie
Abstract

Background
Recent studies have shown that people with high alexithymia scores have decreased interoceptive abilities, which can be associated with psychological and physical disorders. Early assessments of the alexithymia trait included the evaluation of these abilities through the dimension measuring the difficulty in identifying and distinguishing between feelings and bodily sensations (the 26-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale; TAS-26). The revised version of the TAS, the TAS-20, contains a three-factor solution that does not involve a dimension assessing interoceptive abilities. However, the three items allowing the evaluation of these abilities are still present in the TAS-20. In this context, we hypothesized that the 3 items which assess interoceptive abilities in the TAS-20 should constitute an independent factor. In addition to exploring the internal structure of the TAS-20, we examined its external validity by assessing the relationships between the new factors and self-reported measures of personality trait and psychological and physical health.

Method
Two online studies (N = 253 and N = 287) were performed. The participants completed the TAS-20 and a set of psychological questionnaires (e.g., anxiety, depression) and health questions (e.g., “Do you suffer from a somatic disorder?”). The structure of the TAS-20 was examined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), followed by an investigation of the relationships between the resulting new factors and other psychological and health data using regressions. In both studies, EFA revealed a new structure of the questionnaire consisting of four dimensions: (1) difficulty in the awareness of feelings, (2) externally oriented thinking, (3) difficulty in interoceptive abilities, and (4) poor affective sharing. The first factor was positively associated with all self-reported psychological and personality trait measures while the third factor was associated more with somatic disorders and medication intake.

Results
Our results suggest the presence of a new latent factor in the assessment of alexithymia that reflects interoceptive abilities specifically related to health and personality trait outcomes. In accordance with the results and the literature, it seems important to include an assessment of interoceptive abilities when considering the evaluation of alexithymia. The next step would be to develop a valid measure of these abilities.

Keywordsalexithymia; interoceptive abilities; factorial analysis; Toronto Alexithymia Scale
Year2019
JournalPeerJ
Journal citation7, p. e7615
PublisherPeerJ Inc.
ISSN2167-8359
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7615
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85075743596
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range1-24
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online20 Nov 2019
Publication process dates
Accepted05 Aug 2019
Deposited02 Jun 2021
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Increased myocardial dysfunction, dyssynchrony, and epicardial fat across the lifespan in healthy males
Crendal, Edward, Dutheil, Fred, Naughton, Geraldine, McDonald, Tracey and Obert, Philippe. (2014). Increased myocardial dysfunction, dyssynchrony, and epicardial fat across the lifespan in healthy males. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 14(95), pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2261-14-95
Atherogenic subfractions of lipoproteins in the treatment of metabolic syndrome by physical activity and diet - the RESOLVE trial
Dutheil, Frederic, Walther, Guillame, Chapier, Robert, Mnatzaganian, George, Lesourd, Bruno, Naughton, Geraldine, Verney, Julien, Fogli, Anne, Sapin, Vincent, Duclos, Martine, Vinet, Agnes, Obert, Philippe, Courteix, Daniel and Lac, Gerard. (2014). Atherogenic subfractions of lipoproteins in the treatment of metabolic syndrome by physical activity and diet - the RESOLVE trial. Lipids in Health and Disease. 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-13-112
Comparison of the ultra-low-dose Veo algorithm with the gold standard filtered back projection for detecting pulmonary asbestos-related conditions : A clinical observational study
Tekath, Marielle, Dutheil, Frederic, Bellini, Romain, Roche, Antoine, Pereira, Bruno, Naughton, Geraldine, Chamoux, Alain and Michel, Jean-Luc. (2014). Comparison of the ultra-low-dose Veo algorithm with the gold standard filtered back projection for detecting pulmonary asbestos-related conditions : A clinical observational study. BMJ Open. 4(5), pp. 1 - 8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-004980
Right ventricle free wall mechanics in metabolic syndrome without type-2 diabetes: Effects of a 3-month lifestyle intervention program
Serrano-Ferrer, Juan, Walther, Guillaume, Crendal, Edward, Vinet, Agnes, Dutheil, Frederic, Naughton, Geraldine A., Lesourd, Bruno, Chapier, Robert, Courteix, Daniel and Obert, Philippe. (2014). Right ventricle free wall mechanics in metabolic syndrome without type-2 diabetes: Effects of a 3-month lifestyle intervention program. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 13(1), pp. 1 - 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-014-0116-9
Atherogenic subfractions of lipoproteins in the treatment of metabolic syndrome by physical activity and diet : the RESOLVE trial
Dutheil, Frederic, Walther, Guillaume, Chapier, Robert, Mnatzaganian, George, Lesourd, Bruno, Naughton, Geraldine, Verney, Julien, Fogli, Anne, Sapin, Vincent and Duclose, Martine. (2014). Atherogenic subfractions of lipoproteins in the treatment of metabolic syndrome by physical activity and diet : the RESOLVE trial. Lipids in Health and Disease. 13(112), pp. 1 - 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-13-112
Myocardial deformation and twist mechanics in adults with metabolic syndrome : Impact of cumulative metabolic burden
Crendal, Edward, Walther, Guillaume, Vinet, Agnes, Dutheil, Frederic, Naughton, Geraldine, Lesourd, Bruno, Chapier, Robert, Rupp, Thomas, Courteix, Daniel and Obert, Philippe. (2013). Myocardial deformation and twist mechanics in adults with metabolic syndrome : Impact of cumulative metabolic burden. Obesity: a resourch journal. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20537
Urinary Interleukin-8 is a biomarker of stress in emergency physicians, especially with advancing age: The JOBSTRESS* randomized trial
Dutheil, Frederic, Trousselard, Marion, Perrier, Christophe, Lac, Gerard, Chamoux, Alain, Duclos, Martine, Naughton, Geraldine, Mnatzaganian, George and Schmidt, Jeannot. (2013). Urinary Interleukin-8 is a biomarker of stress in emergency physicians, especially with advancing age: The JOBSTRESS* randomized trial. PLoS ONE. 8(8), pp. 1 - 7. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071658
Different modalities of exercise to reduce visceral fat mass and cardiovascular risk in metabolic syndrome : the RESOLVE* randomized trial
Dutheil, Frederic, Lac, Gerard, Lesourd, Bruno, Chapier, Robert, Walther, Guillaume, Vinet, Agnes, Sapin, Vincent, Verney, Julien, Ouchchane, Lemlih and Duclos, Martine. (2013). Different modalities of exercise to reduce visceral fat mass and cardiovascular risk in metabolic syndrome : the RESOLVE* randomized trial. International Journal of Cardiology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.05.012
The long-term effects of occupational exposure to vinyl chloride monomer on microcirculation : a cross-sectional study 15 years after retirement
Lopez, Vincent, Chamoux, Alain, Tempier, Marion, Thiel, Helene, Ughetto, Sylvie, Trousselard, Marion, Naughton, Geraldine and Dutheil, Frederic. (2013). The long-term effects of occupational exposure to vinyl chloride monomer on microcirculation : a cross-sectional study 15 years after retirement. BMJ Open. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-002785
Treatment of Metabolic syndrome by combination of physical activity and diet needs an optimal protein intake: a randomized controlled trial
Dutheil, Frederic, Lac, Gerard, Courteix, Daniel, Dore, Eric, Chapier, Robert, Roszyk, Laurence, Sapin, Vincent and Lesourd, Bruno. (2012). Treatment of Metabolic syndrome by combination of physical activity and diet needs an optimal protein intake: a randomized controlled trial. Nutrition Journal. 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-11-72