Healthy breakfast habits and changes in obesity-related cardiometabolic markers in children : A longitudinal analysis

Journal article


Shang, Xianwen, Li, Yanping, Xu, Haiquan, Zhang, Qian, Hu, Xiaoqi, Liu, Ailing, Du, Songming, Li, Tingyu, Guo, Hongwei, Li, Ying, Xu, Guifa, Liu, Weijia, Ma, Jun and Ma, Guansheng. (2020). Healthy breakfast habits and changes in obesity-related cardiometabolic markers in children : A longitudinal analysis. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 74(12), pp. 1685-1697. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-020-0614-7
AuthorsShang, Xianwen, Li, Yanping, Xu, Haiquan, Zhang, Qian, Hu, Xiaoqi, Liu, Ailing, Du, Songming, Li, Tingyu, Guo, Hongwei, Li, Ying, Xu, Guifa, Liu, Weijia, Ma, Jun and Ma, Guansheng
Abstract

Background
Data on the association of breakfast habits and changes in cardiometabolic markers in children are limited.

Methods
In total, 6964 children aged 6–13 years from Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Jinan, Harbin, and Guangzhou were included in the final analysis. Daily consumption, consumption of ≥3 food groups, and at-home consumption were defined as healthy breakfast habits. Blood pressure, % fat mass, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, glucose, and 50-m × 8 shuttle run were measured at baseline (May 2009) and follow-up (May 2010). Clustered cardiometabolic risk score (CCRS) was computed by summing Z scores of five components: % fat mass, systolic blood pressure, glucose, TC to HDL-C ratio, and triglyceride.

Results
Children who ate breakfast daily had a higher decrease in TC to HDL-C ratio and a higher increase in HDL-C compared with breakfast skippers (both P values < 0.05). There was an inverse association of the number of food groups consumed at breakfast with the change in CCRS (P trend = 0.005). At-home breakfast consumption was associated with a lower increase in BMI, LDL-C, TC to HDL-C ratio, fasting glucose, and 50-m × 8 shuttle run and a higher increase in HDL-C (all P values < 0.05). Children with two or three healthy breakfast habits had a lower increase in CCRS, LDL-C, TC to HDL-C ratio, glucose, and a higher increase in HDL-C compared with those with none or one (all P values < 0.05).

Conclusions
Healthy breakfast habits might help minimize the cardiometabolic risk factors in children.

Year2020
JournalEuropean Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Journal citation74 (12), pp. 1685-1697
PublisherSpringer Nature
ISSN0954-3007
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-020-0614-7
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85082965119
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range1685-1697
Publisher's version
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Controlled
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online30 Mar 2020
Publication process dates
Accepted12 Mar 2020
Deposited06 Jul 2021
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