Metformin use in prediabetes : Is earlier intervention better?

Journal article

Warrilow, Andrew, Somerset, Shawn, Pumpa, Kate and Fleet, Robert. (2020). Metformin use in prediabetes : Is earlier intervention better? Acta Diabetologica. 57, pp. 1359-1366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-020-01559-9
AuthorsWarrilow, Andrew, Somerset, Shawn, Pumpa, Kate and Fleet, Robert
Abstract

Aim
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of metformin in diabetes prevention in a prediabetic population across a range of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels at baseline. A secondary aim was to assess the effectiveness of metformin in preventing diabetes in those participants where impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was relatively more pronounced as opposed to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Methods
Participants randomised to metformin and placebo arms in the Diabetes Prevention Program study were stratified into cohorts according to level of FPG at baseline. Cumulative incidence of diabetes for the different cohorts was assessed. Change in FPG, insulin sensitivity, and levels of fasting insulin and proinsulin for the different cohorts were also calculated.

Results
The largest reductions in incidence of diabetes and FPG occurred within prediabetic persons with a higher level of FPG at baseline. Metformin was able to stabilise insulin sensitivity in every stratified sub-cohort except one. Sub-cohorts which had higher levels of insulin sensitivity at baseline experienced the largest increases in insulin sensitivity. Metformin reduced the incidence of diabetes by 43% (RR 0.57, CI 0.4–0.9) in those prediabetic persons whose IFG was more pronounced compared to a 26% (RR 0.74 CI 0.7–0.8) when all participants in the study were included.

Conclusion
The largest reductions in both incidence of diabetes and FPG occurred in prediabetic persons with a higher level of FPG at baseline. Metformin was able to stabilise insulin sensitivity and was more effective in persons with more pronounced IFG.

Keywordsmetformin; prediabetes; diabetes prevention; insulin sensitivity; insulin resistance
Year2020
JournalActa Diabetologica
Journal citation57, pp. 1359-1366
PublisherSpringer
ISSN0940-5429
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-020-01559-9
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85087133207
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range1359-1366
Publisher's version
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Controlled
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online30 Jun 2020
Publication process dates
Accepted12 Jun 2020
Deposited11 Aug 2021
Permalink -

https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8w92v/metformin-use-in-prediabetes-is-earlier-intervention-better

Log in to edit

Restricted files

Publisher's version

  • 125
    total views
  • 0
    total downloads
  • 3
    views this month
  • 0
    downloads this month
These values are for the period from 19th October 2020, when this repository was created.

Export as

Related outputs

New digital media interventions for sexual health promotion among young people : A systematic review
Wadham, Erin, Green, Clare, Debattista, Joseph, Somerset, Shawn and Sav, Adem. (2019). New digital media interventions for sexual health promotion among young people : A systematic review. Sexual Health. 16(2), pp. 101-123. https://doi.org/10.1071/SH18127
Associations between flavonoid intakes and gut microbiota in a group of adults with cystic fibrosis
Li, Li and Somerset, Shawn. (2018). Associations between flavonoid intakes and gut microbiota in a group of adults with cystic fibrosis. Nutrients. 10(9), p. Article: 1264. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10091264
Folate supplementation to prevent birth abnormalities: evaluating a community-based participatory action plan for refugees and migrant workers on the Thailand-Myanmar border
Adam Stevens, M.E. Gilder, P. Moo, A. Hashmi, S.E.T. Toe, B.B. Doh, S. Nosten, K. Chotivanich, Shawn Somerset and Rose McGready. (2018). Folate supplementation to prevent birth abnormalities: evaluating a community-based participatory action plan for refugees and migrant workers on the Thailand-Myanmar border. Public Health. 161, pp. 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2018.04.009
Uncomfortable curricula? A survey of academic practices and attitudes to delivering Indigenous content in health professional degrees
Wolfe, Naomi, Sheppard, Loretta, Le Rossignol, Peter and Somerset, Shawn. (2018). Uncomfortable curricula? A survey of academic practices and attitudes to delivering Indigenous content in health professional degrees. Higher Education Research and Development. 37(3), pp. 649 - 662. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2017.1385595
Parental work status and children's dietary consumption: Australian evidence
Alsharairi, Naser A. and Somerset, Shawn. (2018). Parental work status and children's dietary consumption: Australian evidence. International Journal of Consumer Studies. 42(5), pp. 522 - 532. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12463
Interventions for acute stroke management in Africa : A systematic review of the evidence
Baatiema, Leonard, Chan, Carina K. Y., Sav, Adem and Somerset, Shawn. (2017). Interventions for acute stroke management in Africa : A systematic review of the evidence. Systematic Reviews. 6(1), p. Article 213. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0594-4
Towards best practice in acute stroke care in Ghana: A survey of hospital services
Baatiema, Leonard, Otim, Michael, Mnatzaganian, George, de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Coombes, Judith and Somerset, Shawn. (2017). Towards best practice in acute stroke care in Ghana: A survey of hospital services. BMC Health Services Research. 17(1), pp. 1 - 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2061-2
Factors affecting adherence to statins in hypercholesterolemic Kuwaiti patients: A cross-sectional study
Al-Foraih, Meisa and Somerset, Shawn. (2017). Factors affecting adherence to statins in hypercholesterolemic Kuwaiti patients: A cross-sectional study. Medical Principles and Practice. 26(1), pp. 35 - 40. https://doi.org/10.1159/000450644
Health professionals' views on the barriers and enablers to evidence-based practice for acute stroke care: A systematic review
Baatiema, Leonard, Otim, Michael E., Mnatzaganian, George, de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Coombes, Judith and Somerset, Shawn. (2017). Health professionals' views on the barriers and enablers to evidence-based practice for acute stroke care: A systematic review. Implementation Science. 12(1), pp. 1 - 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-017-0599-3
Motivational interviewing to enhance treatment attendance in mental health settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Lawrence, Petra, Fulbrook, Paul, Somerset, Shawn and Schulz, Paula. (2017). Motivational interviewing to enhance treatment attendance in mental health settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 24(9-10), pp. 699 - 718. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12420
Clinical effects of probiotics in cystic fibrosis patients: A systematic review
Van Biervliet, Stephanie, Declercq, Dimitri and Somerset, Shawn. (2017). Clinical effects of probiotics in cystic fibrosis patients: A systematic review. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN. 18, pp. 37 - 43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2017.01.007
Barriers to evidence-based acute stroke care in Ghana: A qualitative study on the perspectives of stroke care professionals
Baatiema, Leonard, de-Graft Aikins, Ama, Sav, Adem, Mnatzaganian, George, Chan, Carina K. Y. and Somerset, Shawn. (2017). Barriers to evidence-based acute stroke care in Ghana: A qualitative study on the perspectives of stroke care professionals. BMJ Open. 7(4), pp. 1 - 11. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015385
Using a household food inventory to assess the availability of traditional vegetables among resettled African refugees
Gichunge, Catherine, Somerset, Shawn Mark and Harris, Neil. (2016). Using a household food inventory to assess the availability of traditional vegetables among resettled African refugees. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 13(1), pp. 137 - 148. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13010137
Dietary intake and nutritional status of micronutrients in adults with cystic fibrosis in relation to current recommendations
Li, Li and Somerset, Shawn. (2016). Dietary intake and nutritional status of micronutrients in adults with cystic fibrosis in relation to current recommendations. Clinical Nutrition. 35(1), pp. 775 - 782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2015.06.004
Skipping breakfast in early childhood and its associations with maternal and child BMI: A study of 2-5-year-old Australian children
Alsharairi, N. A. and Somerset, Shawn Mark. (2016). Skipping breakfast in early childhood and its associations with maternal and child BMI: A study of 2-5-year-old Australian children. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 70, pp. 450 - 455. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2015.184
Family planning knowledge, attitudes and practices in refugee and migrant pregnant and post-partum women on the Thailand-Myanmar border - a mixed methods study
Salisbury, Patricia, Hall, Layla, Kulkus, Sibylla, Paw, Moo Kho, Tun, Nay Win, Min, Aung Myat, Chotivanich, Kesinee, Srikanok, Somjet, Ontuwong, Pranee, Sirinonthachai, Supachai, Nosten, Francois, Somerset, Shawn Mark and McGready, Rose. (2016). Family planning knowledge, attitudes and practices in refugee and migrant pregnant and post-partum women on the Thailand-Myanmar border - a mixed methods study. Reproductive Health. 13(1), pp. 1 - 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-016-0212-2
Associations between parenting styles and children's fruit and vegetable intake
Alsharairi, Naser A. and Somerset, Shawn M.. (2015). Associations between parenting styles and children's fruit and vegetable intake. Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 54(1), pp. 93-113. https://doi.org/10.1080/03670244.2014.953248
A Food Frequency Questionnaire Validated for Estimating Dietary Flavonoid Intake in an Australian Population
Somerset, Shawn and Papier, Keren. (2014). A Food Frequency Questionnaire Validated for Estimating Dietary Flavonoid Intake in an Australian Population. Nutrition and Cancer. 66(7), pp. 1200 - 1210. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2014.951728
The clinical significance of the gut microbiota in cystic fibrosis and the potential for dietary therapies
Li, Li and Somerset, Shawn. (2014). The clinical significance of the gut microbiota in cystic fibrosis and the potential for dietary therapies. Clinical Nutrition. 33(4), pp. 571 - 580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2014.04.004
Digestive system dysfunction in Cystic Fibrosis: Challenges for nutrition therapy
Li, Li and Somerset, Shawn. (2014). Digestive system dysfunction in Cystic Fibrosis: Challenges for nutrition therapy. Digestive and Liver Disease. 46(10), pp. 865 - 874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2014.06.011
Refugees Connecting with a New Country through Community Food Gardening
Harris, Neil, Rowe-Minniss, Fiona and Somerset, Shawn. (2014). Refugees Connecting with a New Country through Community Food Gardening. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 11, pp. 9202 - 9216. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110909202
Isoenergetic replacement of dietary saturated with monounsaturated fat via macadamia nuts enhances endothelial function in overweight subjects
Somerset, Shawn, Graham, Laura and Markwell, Katherine. (2013). Isoenergetic replacement of dietary saturated with monounsaturated fat via macadamia nuts enhances endothelial function in overweight subjects. e - SPEN Journal. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnme.2013.02.003
A systematic review of baseline psychosocial characterisation in dietary randomised controlled trials for weight loss
Somerset, Shawn, Markwell, Katherine and Al-Foraih, Meisa. (2013). A systematic review of baseline psychosocial characterisation in dietary randomised controlled trials for weight loss. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2013.77
Depression scores predict adherence in a dietary weight loss intervention trial
Somerset, Shawn, Graham, Laura and Markwell, Katherine. (2011). Depression scores predict adherence in a dietary weight loss intervention trial. Clinical Nutrition. 30(5), pp. 593 - 598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2011.04.004
Weaknesses in using quasi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire data to link habitual intake of flavonoids to hypertension incidence
Somerset, Shawn. (2011). Weaknesses in using quasi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire data to link habitual intake of flavonoids to hypertension incidence. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 93(5), pp. 1153 - 1154. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.012856
Food acquisition habits in a group of African refugees recently settled in Australia
Pereira, Carolina, Larder, Nicolette and Somerset, Shawn. (2010). Food acquisition habits in a group of African refugees recently settled in Australia. Health & Place: an international journal. 16(5), pp. 934 - 941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.05.007
Reporting of dietary control frameworks in studies on simvastatin efficacy
Somerset, Shawn. (2010). Reporting of dietary control frameworks in studies on simvastatin efficacy. Clinical Nutrition. 29(3), pp. 352 - 357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2009.10.005
Nutrition education: towards a whole-school approach
Rowe, Fiona, Stewart, Don and Somerset, Shawn. (2010). Nutrition education: towards a whole-school approach. Health Education. 110(3), pp. 197 - 208. https://doi.org/10.1108/09654281011038868
Impact of a school-based food garden on attitudes and identification skills regarding vegetables and fruit: A 12-month intervention trial
Somerset, Shawn and Markwell, Katherine. (2009). Impact of a school-based food garden on attitudes and identification skills regarding vegetables and fruit: A 12-month intervention trial. Public Health Nutrition. 12(2), pp. 214 - 221. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980008003327
Variations in prevalence and conduct of school food gardens in tropical and subtropical regions of north-eastern Australia
Somerset, Shawn and Bossard, Antoine. (2009). Variations in prevalence and conduct of school food gardens in tropical and subtropical regions of north-eastern Australia. Public Health Nutrition. 12(9), pp. 1485 - 1493. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980008004552
Dietary flavonoid sources in Australian adults
Somerset, Shawn and Johannot, Lidwine. (2008). Dietary flavonoid sources in Australian adults. Nutrition and Cancer. 60(4), pp. 442 - 449. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635580802143836