Contemporary nursing graduates’ transition to practice : A critical review of transition models

Journal article


Graf, Amanda C., Jacob, Elisabeth, Twigg, Diane and Nattabi, Barbara. (2020). Contemporary nursing graduates’ transition to practice : A critical review of transition models. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 29(15-16), pp. 3097-3107. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15234
AuthorsGraf, Amanda C., Jacob, Elisabeth, Twigg, Diane and Nattabi, Barbara
Abstract

Aim and objective
To critically review contemporary transition theories to determine how they apply to the newly qualified graduate registered nurse programmes.

Background
Graduate nurse transition to employment is the time of significant change which has resulted in high attrition rates. Graduates are often challenged by their expectation of nursing practice and the reality of the role. The transition from hospital-based training to university-based training has resulted in the need for primary employment to commence with graduate/orientation/internship programmes to help support new graduates transition into clinical practice. One transition model, Duchscher's stages of transition theory, utilised three former theories to develop a final model.

Design
A narrative critical literature review.

Method
The theories selected for the review were Kramer's reality shock theory, Benner's novice to expert theory, Bridges transition theory and Duchscher's stages of transition theory.

Conclusion
Duchscher's stages of transition theory reflects the experiences of registered nursing transition into the workforce directly from university. The application of the theory is effective to guide understanding of the current challenges that new graduate nurse's experience today. There is a need for new graduates to complete their university degree as advanced beginners in order to decrease the experience of transition shock and keep pace with rapidly changing demands of the clinical environment. This may be achieved by increasing ward-based simulation in university education. A theoretical framework can provide a deep understanding of the various stages and processes of transition and enable development of successful programmes.

Relevance to clinical practice
Both universities and hospitals need to adapt their current practice to align with the needs of new graduates due to large student numbers and ongoing systematic advancements to decrease the attrition rate.

KeywordsBenner's novice to expert theory; Bridges transition theory; culture shock; Duchscher's stages of transition theory; graduate nurses; Kramer's reality shock; transition
Year2020
JournalJournal of Clinical Nursing
Journal citation29 (15-16), pp. 3097-3107
PublisherBlackwell Publishing Ltd
ISSN0962-1067
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15234
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85081745631
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range3097-3107
Publisher's version
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Controlled
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online04 Mar 2020
Publication process dates
Accepted03 Aug 2020
Deposited17 Aug 2021
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