Speech sound disorder at 4 years : prevalence, comorbidities, and predictors in a community cohort of children

Journal article


Eadie, Patricia, Morgan, Angela, Ukoumunne, Obioha C., Ttofari Eecen, K., Wake, Melissa and Reilly, Sheena. (2015). Speech sound disorder at 4 years : prevalence, comorbidities, and predictors in a community cohort of children. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. 57(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.12635
AuthorsEadie, Patricia, Morgan, Angela, Ukoumunne, Obioha C., Ttofari Eecen, K., Wake, Melissa and Reilly, Sheena
Abstract

Aim: The epidemiology of preschool speech sound disorder is poorly understood. Our aims were to determine: the prevalence of idiopathic speech sound disorder; the comorbidity of speech sound disorder with language and pre-literacy difficulties; and the factors contributing to speech outcome at 4 years.
Method: One thousand four hundred and ninety-four participants from an Australian longitudinal cohort completed speech, language, and pre-literacy assessments at 4 years. Prevalence of speech sound disorder (SSD) was defined by standard score performance of ≤79 on a speech assessment. Logistic regression examined predictors of SSD within four domains: child and family; parent-reported speech; cognitive-linguistic; and parent-reported motor skills.
Results: At 4 years the prevalence of speech disorder in an Australian cohort was 3.4%. Comorbidity with SSD was 40.8% for language disorder and 20.8% for poor pre-literacy skills. Sex, maternal vocabulary, socio-economic status, and family history of speech and language difficulties predicted SSD, as did 2-year speech, language, and motor skills. Together these variables provided good discrimination of SSD (area under the curve=0.78).
Interpretation: This is the first epidemiological study to demonstrate prevalence of SSD at 4 years of age that was consistent with previous clinical studies. Early detection of SSD at 4 years should focus on family variables and speech, language, and motor skills measured at 2 years.

KeywordsArticulation Disorders; Language Development Disorders
Year2015
JournalDevelopmental Medicine and Child Neurology
Journal citation57 (6)
PublisherWiley Blackwell Publishing
ISSN0012-1622
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.12635
PubMed ID25403868
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84928911020
Web address (URL)https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dmcn.12635
Open accessOpen access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range578-584
Publisher's version
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Controlled
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
PrintNov 2014
Publication process dates
Deposited21 Sep 2022
ARC Funded ResearchThis output has not been funded, wholly or partially, under the Australian Research Council Act 2001
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