Gender differences in self-compassion: a latent profile analysis of compassionate and uncompassionate self-relating in a large adolescent sample
Journal article
Ferrari, Madeleine, Beath, Alissa P., Einstein, Danielle A., Yap, Ann Keong and Hunt, Caroline. (2022). Gender differences in self-compassion: a latent profile analysis of compassionate and uncompassionate self-relating in a large adolescent sample. Current Psychology. pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03408-0
| Authors | Ferrari, Madeleine, Beath, Alissa P., Einstein, Danielle A., Yap, Ann Keong and Hunt, Caroline |
|---|---|
| Abstract | Self-compassion, a healthy way of relating to oneself, may promote psychological resilience during adolescence. How adolescents engage with self-compassion, and whether they have distinct self-compassionate or uncompassionate psychological profiles, is unclear. This study investigated potential self-compassion profiles based on responses to the Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form (SCS-SF) and examined their relationship with a range of mental health symptoms and cognitive and emotional tendencies. A large cross-sectional sample of high school students (N = 950; Mage = 13.70 years, SDage = 0.72, range = 12 to 16 years; 434 female and 495 male) completed several online self-report measures including the SCS-SF. Latent profile analysis identified parsimonious self-compassion profiles by gender using the six SCS-SF subscales. Five female profiles included ‘Low Self-Relating’, ‘Uncompassionate’, ‘High Self-Relating’, ‘Moderately Compassionate’ and ‘Highly Compassionate’. Comparatively, two male profiles included ‘Low Self-Relating’ and ‘Moderately Self-Relating’. Low Self-Relating involved low levels of both compassionate and uncompassionate responding, and Moderately Self-Relating involved higher levels of both. Low Self-Relating and Highly Compassionate profiles for females consistently reported lower levels of anxiety and depression symptoms, maladaptive perfectionism, intolerance of uncertainty, repetitive thinking and avoidance-fusion thinking patterns compared to the other female profiles. Low Self-Relating males reported more adaptive outcomes compared to Moderate Self-Relating males. These findings illustrate important adolescent gender differences in compassionate and uncompassionate self-response profiles. Results suggest self-compassion is an important psychological construct with diverse mental health benefits for females, whereas for males a lack of attachment to either response styles are linked with better psychological outcomes. |
| Keywords | Adolescent; Emotion Regulation; Latent Profile Analysis; Mental Health; Self-Compassion |
| Year | 01 Jan 2022 |
| Journal | Current Psychology |
| Journal citation | pp. 1-16 |
| Publisher | Springer New York LLC |
| ISSN | 1046-1310 |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03408-0 |
| Scopus EID | 2-s2.0-85135369530 |
| Web address (URL) | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12144-022-03408-0 |
| Open access | Published as ‘gold’ (paid) open access |
| Research or scholarly | Research |
| Page range | 1-16 |
| Publisher's version | License File Access Level Open |
| Output status | Published |
| Publication dates | |
| Online | 06 Aug 2022 |
| Publication process dates | |
| Accepted | 24 Jun 2022 |
| Deposited | 06 Jan 2023 |
| Additional information | © Copyright 2022 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved. |
| Place of publication | United States |
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| OA_Ferrari_2022_Gender_differences_in_self-compassion_a_latent.pdf | |
| License: CC BY 4.0 | |
| File access level: Open | |
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