Predictive simulations of human sprinting : Effects of muscle-tendon properties on sprint performance

Journal article

Lin, Yi-Chung and Pandy, Marcus G.. (2022). Predictive simulations of human sprinting : Effects of muscle-tendon properties on sprint performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 54(11), pp. 1961-1972. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002978
AuthorsLin, Yi-Chung and Pandy, Marcus G.
Abstract

Purpose
We combined a full-body musculoskeletal model with dynamic optimization theory to predict the biomechanics of maximum-speed sprinting and evaluate the effects of changes in muscle–tendon properties on sprint performance.

Methods
The body was modeled as a three-dimensional skeleton actuated by 86 muscle–tendon units. A simulation of jogging was used as an initial guess to generate a predictive dynamic optimization solution for maximum-speed sprinting. Nominal values of lower-limb muscle strength, muscle fascicle length, muscle intrinsic maximum shortening velocity (fiber-type composition), and tendon compliance were then altered incrementally to study the relative influence of each property on sprint performance.

Results
Model-predicted patterns of full-body motion, ground forces, and muscle activations were in general agreement with experimental data recorded for maximum-effort sprinting. Maximum sprinting speed was 1.3 times more sensitive to a change in muscle strength compared with the same change in muscle fascicle length, 2.0 times more sensitive to a change in muscle fascicle length compared with the same change in muscle intrinsic maximum shortening velocity, and 9.1 times more sensitive to a change in muscle intrinsic maximum shortening velocity compared with the same change in tendon compliance. A 10% increase in muscle strength increased maximum sprinting speed by 5.9%, whereas increasing muscle fascicle length, muscle intrinsic maximum shortening velocity, and tendon compliance by 10% increased maximum sprinting speed by 4.7%, 2.4%, and 0.3%, respectively.

Conclusions
Sprint performance was most sensitive to changes in muscle strength and least affected by changes in tendon compliance. Sprint performance was also more heavily influenced by changes in muscle fascicle length than muscle intrinsic maximum shortening velocity. These results could inform training methods aimed at optimizing performance in elite sprinters.

Keywordsrunning; muscle strength; muscle fascicle length; muscle contraction speed; power training
Year2022
JournalMedicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
Journal citation54 (11), pp. 1961-1972
PublisherLippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISSN0195-9131
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002978
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85139994268
Page range1961-1972
FunderAustralian Research Council (ARC)
Publisher's version
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Controlled
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
OnlineNov 2022
Publication process dates
AcceptedJun 2022
Deposited17 Jan 2023
ARC Funded ResearchThis output has been funded, wholly or partially, under the Australian Research Council Act 2001
Grant IDDP160104366
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