Clustering of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet associated with social isolation among Brazilian adolescents

Journal article


Matias, Thiago Sousa, Alves, Julianne Fic, Nienov, Gislaine Terezinha Amaral, Lopes, Marcus Vinicius Veber and Cunha Vasconcellos, Diego Itibere. (2023). Clustering of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet associated with social isolation among Brazilian adolescents. BMC Public Health. 23(1), p. Article 562. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15444-x
AuthorsMatias, Thiago Sousa, Alves, Julianne Fic, Nienov, Gislaine Terezinha Amaral, Lopes, Marcus Vinicius Veber and Cunha Vasconcellos, Diego Itibere
Abstract

Backgound
Although obesogenic behaviors have been found to be related to social isolation, evidence-based person-centered approaches are lacking. This study investigated the association between clusters of obesogenic behavior – derived from a data-driven process – and social isolation among Brazilian adolescents.

Methods
Data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE) 2015 were analyzed. A total of 100,794 9th-grade students (51.3% females; 14.3 ± 0.1 years old) enrolled in 3,040 public and private high schools participated in the study. Social isolation was assessed by two outcomes (i.e., perceived loneliness and lack of close friends). A two-step cluster analysis was conducted to identify patterns of obesogenic behaviors with the input of leisure-time physical activity (PA), sitting time as a proxy of sedentary behavior (SB), and the weekly consumption of healthy and unhealthy food. Crude and adjusted binary logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the associations between the clusters of obesogenic behaviors and social isolation variables in adolescents.

Results
Three clusters were identified. Adolescents in the “Health-promoting SB and diet” (32.6%; OR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.62–0.76) and “Health-promoting PA and diet” (44.9%; OR = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.67–0.79) clusters had lower odds of loneliness compared to those in the “Health-risk” cluster (22.5%). Those belonging to the “Health-promoting PA and diet” cluster were more likely to report having close friends (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.00–1.41) than those in the “Health-risk” cluster.

Conclusion
Adolescents in clusters where positive behaviors outweighed negative ones were less likely to perceive themselves as lonely and without close connections.

Keywordshealthy lifestyle; loneliness; mental health; health surveys; motor activity
Year2023
JournalBMC Public Health
Journal citation23 (1), p. Article 562
PublisherBioMed Central
ISSN1471-2458
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15444-x
PubMed ID36966307
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85150941474
PubMed Central IDPMC10039485
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Page range1-6
FunderCoordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online25 Mar 2023
Publication process dates
Accepted15 Mar 2023
Deposited23 Jun 2023
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