No influence of sex on the relationship between schizotypy factors and executive control across the schizophrenia spectrum

Journal article


Gaillard, Alexandra, Tan, Eric J., Carruthers, Sean P., Gurvich, Caroline, Hughes, Matthew E., Neill, Erica, Sumner, Philip J., Van Rheenen, Tamsyn E. and Rossell, Susan L.. (2022). No influence of sex on the relationship between schizotypy factors and executive control across the schizophrenia spectrum. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 148, pp. 325-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.015
AuthorsGaillard, Alexandra, Tan, Eric J., Carruthers, Sean P., Gurvich, Caroline, Hughes, Matthew E., Neill, Erica, Sumner, Philip J., Van Rheenen, Tamsyn E. and Rossell, Susan L.
Abstract

Sex differences in symptoms and executive control across schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) are consistently reported. Similarly, these findings of sex differences are also observed in schizotypy, that is, schizophrenia-like features occurring in healthy individuals in the absence of a clinical diagnosis. This study aimed to examine the relationships between performance on three major domains of executive control: performance monitoring, response inhibition, and cognitive set-shifting, and schizotypy factor scores in both SSD patients and healthy controls (HCs), and whether sex moderated any relationships observed. A total of 111 (67 males and 44 females) patients with SSD and 258 (129 males and 129 females) HCs were included in this study. Schizotypal personality traits (in both SSD and HC) was assessed using the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE). Executive control performance was assessed using seven tasks. Stepwise linear regressions revealed that performance on cognitive set-shifting tasks was significantly associated with the introvertive anhedonia, cognitive disorganisation, and unusual experiences subscales of the O-LIFE. When sex was examined as a moderator, it was not a significant moderator of any of the relationships between cognitive set-shifting tasks and schizotypy factors. The results suggest that independent of sex, cognitive set-shifting ability is associated to an increased vulnerability to schizotypal personality traits, although performance monitoring and response inhibition did not.

Keywordsschizophrenia; executive control; cognition; schizotypy; sex differences
Year2022
JournalJournal of Psychiatric Research
Journal citation148, pp. 325-331
PublisherElsevier Ltd
ISSN0022-3956
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.015
PubMed ID35193036
Scopus EID10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.015
Page range325-331
FunderNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
Publisher's version
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Controlled
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online17 Feb 2022
Publication process dates
Accepted14 Feb 2022
Deposited30 Jun 2023
Grant ID1060664
1154651
1142424
0546262
1088785
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