Changes in health behaviours in adults at-risk of chronic disease : Primary outcomes from the My health for life program

Journal article

Seib, Charrlotte, Moriarty, Stephanie, McDonald, Nicole, Anderson, Debra and Parkinson, Joy. (2022). Changes in health behaviours in adults at-risk of chronic disease : Primary outcomes from the My health for life program. BMC Public Health. 22(1), p. Article 1648. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14056-1
AuthorsSeib, Charrlotte, Moriarty, Stephanie, McDonald, Nicole, Anderson, Debra and Parkinson, Joy
Abstract

Background
Chronic disease is the leading cause of premature death globally, and many of these deaths are preventable by modifying some key behavioural and metabolic risk factors. This study examines changes in health behaviours among men and women at risk of diabetes or cardiovascular disease (CVD) who participated in a 6-month lifestyle intervention called the My health for life program.

Methods
The My health for life program is a Queensland Government-funded multi-component program designed to reduce chronic disease risk factors amongst at-risk adults in Queensland, Australia. The intervention comprises six sessions over a 6-month period, delivered by a trained facilitator or telephone health coach. The analysis presented in this paper stems from 9,372 participants who participated in the program between July 2017 and December 2019. Primary outcomes included fruit and vegetable intake, consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and take-away, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, and physical activity. Variables were summed to form a single Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI) ranging from 0 to 13, with higher scores denoting healthier behaviours. Longitudinal associations between lifestyle indices, program characteristics and socio-demographic characteristics were assessed using Gaussian Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) models with an identity link and robust standard errors.

Results
Improvements in HLI scores were noted between baseline (Md = 8.8; IQR = 7.0, 10.0) and 26-weeks (Md = 10.0; IQR = 9.0, 11.0) which corresponded with increases in fruit and vegetable consumption and decreases in takeaway frequency (p < .001 for all) but not risky alcohol intake. Modelling showed higher average HLI among those aged 45 or older (β = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.90, 1.10, p < .001) with vocational educational qualifications (certificate/diploma: β = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.14, 0.50, p < .001; bachelor/post-graduate degree β = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.61, 0.98, p < .001) while being male, Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander background, or not currently working conferred lower average HLI scores (p < .001 for all).

Conclusions
While participants showed improvements in dietary indicators, changes in alcohol consumption and physical activity were less amenable to the program. Additional research is needed to help understand the multi-level barriers and facilitators of behaviour change in this context to further tailor the intervention for priority groups.

Keywordshealthy lifestyle index; chronic disease prevention; health promotion; health behaviour change; dietary intake; body mass index; waist circumference; smoking; physical activity
Year2022
JournalBMC Public Health
Journal citation22 (1), p. Article 1648
PublisherBioMed Central
ISSN1471-2458
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14056-1
PubMed ID36042442
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85136952054
PubMed Central IDPMC9429361
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Page range1-14
FunderHealth and Wellbeing Queensland
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online30 Aug 2022
Publication process dates
Accepted08 Aug 2022
Deposited30 Oct 2023
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