Heterogeneity of social cognitive performance in autism and schizophrenia
Journal article
Hajdúk, Michal, Pinkham, Amy, Penn, David, Harvey, P and Sasson, Noah. (2022). Heterogeneity of social cognitive performance in autism and schizophrenia. Autism Research. 15(8), pp. 1522-1534. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2730
Authors | Hajdúk, Michal, Pinkham, Amy, Penn, David, Harvey, P and Sasson, Noah |
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Abstract | Autistic adults and those with schizophrenia (SCZ) demonstrate similar levels of reduced social cognitive performance at the group level, but it is unclear whether these patterns are relatively consistent or highly variable within and between the two conditions. Seventy-two adults with SCZ (52 male, Mage = 28.2 years) and 94 with diagnoses on the autism spectrum (83 male, Mage = 24.2 years) without intellectual disability completed a comprehensive social cognitive battery. Latent profile analysis identified four homogeneous subgroups that were compared on their diagnosis, independent living skills, neurocognition, and symptomatology. Two groups showed normative performance across most social cognitive tasks but were differentiated by one having significantly higher hostility and blaming biases. Autistic participants were more likely to demonstrate fully normative performance (46.8%) than participants with SCZ, whereas normative performance in SCZ was more likely to co-occur with increased hostility and blaming biases (36.1%). Approximately 43% of participants in the full sample were classified into the remaining two groups showing low or very low performance. These participants tended to perform worse on neurocognitive tests and have lower IQ and fewer independent living skills. The prevalence of low performance on social cognitive tasks was comparable across clinical groups. However, nearly half of autistic participants demonstrated normative social cognitive performance, challenging assumptions that reduced social cognitive performance is inherent to the condition. Subgrouping also revealed a meaningful distinction between the clinical groups: participants with SCZ were more likely to demonstrate hostility biases than autistic participants, even when social cognitive performance was otherwise in the typical range. Lay Summary |
Keywords | autism spectrum disorders; cluster; heterogeneity; schizophrenia; social cognition |
Year | 2022 |
Journal | Autism Research |
Journal citation | 15 (8), pp. 1522-1534 |
Publisher | Wiley Periodicals LLC |
ISSN | 1939-3792 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2730 |
PubMed ID | 35460541 |
Scopus EID | 2-s2.0-85128752178 |
Page range | 1522-1534 |
Funder | National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), United States of America |
European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) | |
Agentúra na Podporu Výskumu a Vývoja | |
Publisher's version | License All rights reserved File Access Level Controlled |
Output status | Published |
Publication dates | |
Online | 23 Apr 2022 |
Publication process dates | |
Accepted | 11 Apr 2022 |
Deposited | 02 Nov 2023 |
Grant ID | 20-0185; |
26240220086 | |
R01-MH-093432 | |
R15-MH-101595 |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8zy15/heterogeneity-of-social-cognitive-performance-in-autism-and-schizophrenia
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