Caregiver contribution to self-care and its associated variables among caregivers of ostomy patients : Results of a cross-sectional study

Aims and objectives
To describe caregiver contribution (CC) to ostomy self-care and identify its associated variables among caregivers of ostomy patients.

Background
Self-care is essential for ostomy patients, but it can be difficult to perform. In these cases, caregivers play a key role in promoting self-care behaviours. So far, the CC to ostomy self-care has not been investigated thoroughly.

Design
This is a cross-sectional and multicentre study conducted at seven outpatient clinics of two Italian regions.

Methods
We recruited 252 caregivers between February 2017–May 2018. The Caregiver Contribution to Ostomy Self-Care Index (CC-OSCI) was used to measure CC to ostomy self-care. Three multivariable linear regression models were fitted to identify variables associated with CC dimensions (maintenance, monitoring and management). The STROBE checklist was used to report the present study.

Results
The sample (mean age = 58.73, SD = 13.98) was mostly female (80.60%), unemployed (58.70%) and resided with the patient (81.00%). Caregivers being employed and those declaring more hours of contribution per week were associated with a significantly lower contribution to self-care maintenance. Caregivers with lower levels of education and those residing with the patient were less likely to contribute to CC to self-care monitoring. Spousal caregivers and those with higher preparedness contributed significantly lower to CC to self-care management.

Conclusions
We found a variety of sociodemographic factors associated with CC to ostomy self-care.

Relevance to clinical practice
Sociodemographic variables associated with CC to ostomy self-care can help clinicians develop more tailored educational interventions for caregivers who find their contribution challenging.