Gynostemma Pentaphyllum Increases Exercise Performance and Alters Mitochondrial Respiration and AMPK in Healthy Males

Journal article


Nayyar, Deepti, Yan, Xu, Xu, Guoqin, Shi, Min, Garnham, Andrew Peter, Mathai, Michael and McAinch, Andrew. (2023). Gynostemma Pentaphyllum Increases Exercise Performance and Alters Mitochondrial Respiration and AMPK in Healthy Males. Nutrients. 15(22), pp. 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15224721
AuthorsNayyar, Deepti, Yan, Xu, Xu, Guoqin, Shi, Min, Garnham, Andrew Peter, Mathai, Michael and McAinch, Andrew
Abstract

This research aimed to determine the effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (G. pentaphyllum) on exercise performance, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mitochondrial signaling in human muscle. This randomized double-blind placebo control crossover study provided placebo or 450 mg of G. pentaphyllum dried leaf extract equivalent to 2.25 g of dry leaf per day for four weeks to 16 healthy untrained young males, separated by four weeks wash-out. Following 4-week supplementation with G. pentaphyllum, participants had significantly lower leptin and blood glucose levels and improved time trial performance over 20 km, which corresponded with a higher muscle oxygen flux compared to placebo. Muscle AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation significantly increased after 60 min exercise following G. pentaphyllum supplementation. AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation levels relative to total AMPK increased earlier following exercise with G. pentaphyllum compared to placebo. Total ACC-α was lower following G. pentaphyllum supplementation compared to placebo. While further research is warranted, G. pentaphyllum supplementation improved exercise performance in healthy untrained males, which corresponded with improved mitochondrial respiration, altered AMPK and ACC, and decreased plasma leptin and glucose levels.

Keywordsadiponectin; blood glucose; leptin; oxygen flux
Year01 Jan 2023
JournalNutrients
Journal citation15 (22), pp. 1-18
PublisherMDPI AG
ISSN2072-6643
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15224721
Web address (URL)https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/22/4721
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range1-18
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License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online08 Nov 2023
Publication process dates
Accepted06 Nov 2023
Deposited02 Apr 2024
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© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Place of publicationSwitzerland
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Coffey, Vernon, Moore, Daniel, Burd, N, Rerecich, T, Stellingwerff, T, Garnham, A, Phillips, S and Hawley, John. (2011). Nutrient provision increases signalling and protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle after repeated sprints. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 111(7), pp. 1473 - 1483. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1768-0
Impact of resistance exercise training on interleukin-6 and JAK/STAT in young men
Trenerry, Marissa K., Della Gatta, Paul A., Larsen, Amy E., Garnham, Andrew P. and Cameron-Smith, David. (2011). Impact of resistance exercise training on interleukin-6 and JAK/STAT in young men. Muscle & Nerve. 43(3), pp. 385 - 392. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.21875
Impact of resistance exercise training on interleukin-6 and JAK/STAT in young men
Trenerry, Melissa K., Della Gatta, Paul A., Larson, Amy E. and Garnham, Andrew P.. (2011). Impact of resistance exercise training on interleukin-6 and JAK/STAT in young men. Muscle & Nerve. 43(3), pp. 385 - 392. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.21875
Vitamin D status and musculoskeletal health in adolescent male ballet dancers a pilot study
Ducher, Gaele, Kukuljan, Sonja, Hill, B., Garnham, Andrew P., Nowson, Carol A., Kimlin, M. G. and Cook, Jill. (2011). Vitamin D status and musculoskeletal health in adolescent male ballet dancers a pilot study. Journal of Dance Medicine and Science. 15(3), pp. 99 - 107.
Current markers of the Athlete Blood Passport do not flag microdose EPO doping
Ashenden, Michael, Gough, Clare E., Garnham, Andrew, Gore, Christopher J. and Sharpe, Ken. (2011). Current markers of the Athlete Blood Passport do not flag microdose EPO doping. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 111(9), pp. 2307 - 2314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-1867-6
Exercise training increases adipose tissue GLUT4 expression in patients with type 2 diabetes
Hussey, Sophie E., McGee, S. L., Garnham, Andrew, Wentworth, John M., Jeukendrup, A. E. and Hargreaves, M.. (2011). Exercise training increases adipose tissue GLUT4 expression in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 13(10), pp. 959 - 962. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01426.x
Acute signalling responses to intense endurance training commenced with low or normal muscle glycogen : Experimental Physiology-Research Paper
Yeo, W, McGee, S, Carey, A, Paton, C, Garnham, A, Hargreaves, M and Hawley, John. (2010). Acute signalling responses to intense endurance training commenced with low or normal muscle glycogen : Experimental Physiology-Research Paper. Experimental Physiology. 95(2), pp. 351 - 358. https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2009.049353
Cytokine responses to carbohydrate ingestion during recovery from exercise-induced muscle injury
Ross, M, Halson, Shona, Suzuki, K, Garnham, A, Hawley, John, Cameron-Smith, David and Peake, J. (2010). Cytokine responses to carbohydrate ingestion during recovery from exercise-induced muscle injury. Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research. 30(5), pp. 329 - 337. https://doi.org/10.1089/jir.2009.0079
Effect of consecutive repeated sprint and resistance exercise bouts on acute adaptive responses in human skeletal muscle
Coffey, Vernon Glenn, Jemiolo, Bozena, Edge, Johann, Garnham, Andrew P., Trappe, Scott W. and Hawley, John Alan. (2009). Effect of consecutive repeated sprint and resistance exercise bouts on acute adaptive responses in human skeletal muscle. American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 297(5), pp. 1441 - 1451. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00351.2009
Consecutive bouts of diverse contractile activity alter acute responses in human skeletal muscle
Coffey, Vernon Glenn, Pilegaard, Henriette, Garnham, Andrew P., O'Brien, Brendan J. and Hawley, John Alan. (2009). Consecutive bouts of diverse contractile activity alter acute responses in human skeletal muscle. Journal of Applied Physiology. 106(4), pp. 1187 - 1197. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91221.2008
Skeletal muscle adaptation and performance responses to once a day versus twice every second day endurance training regimens
Yeo, Wee Kian, Paton, Carl D., Garnham, Andrew P., Burke, Louise M., Carey, Andrew L. and Hawley, John Alan. (2008). Skeletal muscle adaptation and performance responses to once a day versus twice every second day endurance training regimens. Journal of Applied Physiology. 105(5), pp. 1462 - 1470. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90882.2008
Fat adaptation followed by carbohydrate restoration increases AMPK activity in skeletal muscle from trained humans
Yeo, Wee Kian, Lessard, Sarah J., Chen, Zhi-Ping, Garnham, Andrew P., Burke, Louise, Rivas, Donato A., Kemp, Bruce Ernest and Hawley, John Alan. (2008). Fat adaptation followed by carbohydrate restoration increases AMPK activity in skeletal muscle from trained humans. Journal of Applied Physiology. 105(5), pp. 1519 - 1526. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90540.2008