Evaluation of an intensive voice treatment to reduce anterior drooling in children with cerebral palsy : Protocol for a concurrent multiple-baseline, single case experimental design study

Journal article


McInerney, Michelle, Imms, Christine, Carding, Paul Nicholas and Reddihough, Dinah. (2021). Evaluation of an intensive voice treatment to reduce anterior drooling in children with cerebral palsy : Protocol for a concurrent multiple-baseline, single case experimental design study. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications. 24, pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100872
AuthorsMcInerney, Michelle, Imms, Christine, Carding, Paul Nicholas and Reddihough, Dinah
Abstract

Anterior drooling is common in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and poses significant risks to the child's health. Causes of drooling include oro-motor dysfunction, inefficient swallowing and reduced sensation in the orofacial musculature. Behavioural interventions are frequently recommended to reduce drooling; however, this is in the absence of high-quality research evidence. This paper describes a protocol for evaluating the effectiveness of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment LOUD (LSVT LOUD®) in reducing drooling; and optimising speech and swallowing in a group of children with CP. A structured and systematic visual analysis supplemented with statistical analyses will be used to analyse the data. The risk of bias in n-of-1 trials (RoBiNT) Scale [1] guided the design and implementation of the study.

KeywordsDrooling; Child; Cerebral palsy; Behavioral intervention
Year01 Jan 2021
JournalContemporary Clinical Trials Communications
Journal citation24, pp. 1-5
PublisherElsevier Inc. (USA)
ISSN2451-8654
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100872
Scopus EID1-s2.0-S2451865421001721
Web address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451865421001721
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range1-5
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online18 Nov 2021
Publication process dates
Accepted13 Nov 2021
Deposited20 May 2024
Additional information

© 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).

Place of publicationUnited States
Permalink -

https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/90891/evaluation-of-an-intensive-voice-treatment-to-reduce-anterior-drooling-in-children-with-cerebral-palsy-protocol-for-a-concurrent-multiple-baseline-single-case-experimental-design-study

Download files


Publisher's version
OA_McInerney_2021_Evaluation_of_an_intensive_voice_treatment.pdf
License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
File access level: Open

  • 41
    total views
  • 16
    total downloads
  • 1
    views this month
  • 0
    downloads this month
These values are for the period from 19th October 2020, when this repository was created.

Export as

Related outputs

Caregiver perspectives of scoliosis surgery for children with cerebral palsy : a qualitative study
Stewart, Kirsty, Price, Georgia, Kelderman, Jayne, Carman, Sarah, Imms, Christine and Wallen, Margaret. (2024). Caregiver perspectives of scoliosis surgery for children with cerebral palsy : a qualitative study. Disability and Rehabilitation. pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2024.2342501
Factors that influence development of speech pathology skills required for videofluoroscopic swallowing studies
Edwards, Ann, Holm, Alison, Carding, Paul, Steele, Michael, Froude, Elspeth, Burns, Clare and Cardell, Elizabeth. (2023). Factors that influence development of speech pathology skills required for videofluoroscopic swallowing studies. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders. 58(5), pp. 1645-1656. https://doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.12892
The journey to sustainable participation in physical activity for adolescents living with cerebral palsy
Kilgour, Gaela, Stott, Ngaire Susan, Steele, Michael, Adair, Brooke, Hogan, Amy and Imms, Christine. (2023). The journey to sustainable participation in physical activity for adolescents living with cerebral palsy. Children. 10(9), p. Article 1533. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10091533
Factors that influence success when training videofluoroscopic swallowing study analysts
Edwards, Ann, Froude, Elspeth, Dark, Leigha and Carding, Paul. (2023). Factors that influence success when training videofluoroscopic swallowing study analysts. Speech, Language and Hearing. 26(3), pp. 223-234. https://doi.org/10.1080/2050571X.2023.2171952
ENabling VISions and Growing Expectations (ENVISAGE) : Parent reviewers’ perspectives of a co-designed program to support parents raising a child with an early-onset neurodevelopmental disability
Miller, Laura, Nickson, Grace, Pozniak, Kinga, Khan, Debra, Imms, Christine, Ziviani, Jenny, Cross, Andrea, Martens, Rachel, Cavalieros, Vicki and Rosenbaum, Peter. (2022). ENabling VISions and Growing Expectations (ENVISAGE) : Parent reviewers’ perspectives of a co-designed program to support parents raising a child with an early-onset neurodevelopmental disability. Research in Developmental Disabilities. 121, p. Article 104150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104150
Behavioural interventions in people with oropharyngeal dysphagia : A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials
Speyer, Renée, Cordier, Reinie, Sutt, Anna-Liisa, Remijn, Lianne, Heijnen, Bas Joris, Balaguer, Mathieu, Pommée, Timothy, McInerney, Michelle and Bergström, Liza. (2022). Behavioural interventions in people with oropharyngeal dysphagia : A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 11(3), p. Article 685. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030685
Cognitive strategy training for adults with neurological conditions : A systematic review and meta-analysis exploring effect on occupational performance
Swanton, Ruth, Gustafsson, Louise, Froude, Elspeth, Hodson, Tenelle, McInerney, Michelle, Cahill, Liana S. and Lannin, Natasha A.. (2020). Cognitive strategy training for adults with neurological conditions : A systematic review and meta-analysis exploring effect on occupational performance. British Journal of Occupational Therapy. 83(12), pp. 723-740. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308022620933095
Drooling in children with neurodisability : A survey of Australian speech-language pathologists' practice
McInerney, Michelle, Reddihough, Dinah S., Carding, Paul N. and Imms, Christine. (2020). Drooling in children with neurodisability : A survey of Australian speech-language pathologists' practice. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. 22(5), pp. 601-609. https://doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2020.1729860
Behavioural interventions in the treatment of drooling for children with cerebral palsy
Michelle McInerney. (2020). Behavioural interventions in the treatment of drooling for children with cerebral palsy [PhD Thesis]. Australian Catholic University Faculty of Health Sciences https://doi.org/10.26199/acu.8vywv
Communication changes with laryngectomy and impact on quality of life: A review
Sharpe, Gabriella, Costa, Vera Camoes, Doubé, Wendy, Sita, Jodi, McCarthy, Christopher and Carding, Paul. (2019). Communication changes with laryngectomy and impact on quality of life: A review. Quality of Life Research. 28, pp. 863 - 877. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-018-2033-y
Voice outcome measures for adult patients with Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis: A Systematic Review
Walton, Chloe, Carding, Paul, Conway, Erin, Flanagan, Kieran and Blackshaw, Helen. (2019). Voice outcome measures for adult patients with Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis: A Systematic Review. The Laryngoscope. 129, pp. 187 - 197. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.27434
Comparing feedback types in multimedia learning of speech by young children with common speech sound disorders : Research protocol for a pretest posttest independent measures control trial
Doubé, Wendy, Carding, Paul, Flanagan, Kieran, Kaufman, Jordy and Armitage, Hannah. (2018). Comparing feedback types in multimedia learning of speech by young children with common speech sound disorders : Research protocol for a pretest posttest independent measures control trial. Frontiers in Psychology. 9, p. Article: 444. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00444
Voice Tremor in Parkinson's Disease: An Acoustic Study
Patricia Gillivan-Murphy, Nick Miller and Paul Carding. (2018). Voice Tremor in Parkinson's Disease: An Acoustic Study. Journal of Voice. 33(4), pp. 526-535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.010
Perceptual Assessment of Tracheoesophageal Voice Quality With the SToPS: The Development of a Reliable and Valid Tool
Anne Hurren, Nick Miller and Paul Carding. (2018). Perceptual Assessment of Tracheoesophageal Voice Quality With the SToPS: The Development of a Reliable and Valid Tool. Journal of Voice. 33(4), pp. 465-472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.006
Behavioural interventions to treat drooling in children with neurodisability: A systematic review
McInerney, Michelle, Reddihough, Dinah, Carding, Paul, Swanton, Ruth, Walton, Chloe and Imms, Christine. (2018). Behavioural interventions to treat drooling in children with neurodisability: A systematic review. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. 61(1), pp. 39 - 48. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14048
A psychosocial intervention for the management of functional dysphonia: Complex intervention development and pilot randomised trial
Deary, Vincent, McColl, Elaine, Carding, Paul, Miller, Tracy and Wilson, Janet. (2018). A psychosocial intervention for the management of functional dysphonia: Complex intervention development and pilot randomised trial. Pilot and Feasibility Studies. 4(1), pp. 1 - 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40814-018-0240-5
Perspectives on voice treatment for unilateral vocal fold paralysis
Walton, Chloe, Carding, Paul and Flanagan, Kieran. (2018). Perspectives on voice treatment for unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Current Opinion in Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. 26(3), pp. 157 - 161. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOO.0000000000000450
Unilateral vocal fold paralysis: A systematic review of speech-language pathology management
Chloe, Walton, Conway, Erin, Blackshaw, Helen and Carding, Paul. (2017). Unilateral vocal fold paralysis: A systematic review of speech-language pathology management. Journal of Voice. 31(4), pp. 7 - 22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.11.002
Evaluating the efficacy of voice therapy for functional, organic and neurological voice disorders
Carding, Paul, Bos-Clark, M., Fu, S., Gillivan-Murphy, Patricia, Jones, S. M. and Walton, Chloe. (2017). Evaluating the efficacy of voice therapy for functional, organic and neurological voice disorders. Clinical Otolaryngology. 42(2), pp. 201 - 217. https://doi.org/10.1111/coa.12765
Vocal tract characteristics in Parkinson's disease
Gillivan-Murphy, Patricia, Carding, Paul Nicholas and Miller, Nick. (2016). Vocal tract characteristics in Parkinson's disease. Current Opinion in Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOO.0000000000000252
Swallowing performance and tube feeding status in patients treated with parotid-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer
Carding, Paul Nicholas, Roe, Justin W., Drinnan, Michael J., Harrington, Kevin J. and Nutting, Christopher M.. (2016). Swallowing performance and tube feeding status in patients treated with parotid-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Head and Neck. 38, pp. 1 - 9. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.24255
Swallowing outcome measures in head and neck cancer - How do they compare?
Carding, Paul Nicholas, Pederson, A., Wilson, Janet, McColl, Elaine and Patterson, Jo M.. (2016). Swallowing outcome measures in head and neck cancer - How do they compare? Oral Oncology. 52, pp. 104 - 108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.10.015
TOPPITS: Trial Of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Throat Symptoms. Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Watson, Gillian, O'Hara, James, Carding, Paul Nicholas, Lecouturier, Jan, Stocken, Deborah, Fouweather, Tony and Wilson, Janet. (2016). TOPPITS: Trial Of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Throat Symptoms. Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-016-1267-7
Contemporary management of voice and swallowing disorders in patients with advanced lung cancer
Carding, Paul, Brady, Grainne C., Bhosle, Jaishree and Roe, J. W.. (2015). Contemporary management of voice and swallowing disorders in patients with advanced lung cancer. Current Opinion in Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. 23(3), pp. 191 - 196. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOO.0000000000000155
Head and neck cancer patients perceptions of swallowing following chemoradiotherapy
Patterson, Joanne M., McColl, Elaine, Wilson, Janet, Carding, Paul Nicholas and Rapley, Tim. (2015). Head and neck cancer patients perceptions of swallowing following chemoradiotherapy. Supportive Care in Cancer. 23(12), pp. 3531 - 3538. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-015-2715-8
Injection laryngoplasty in the outpatient clinic under local anaesthetic: A case series of sixty-eight patients
Powell, Jason, Carding, Paul Nicholas, Birdi, R. and Wilson, Janet. (2014). Injection laryngoplasty in the outpatient clinic under local anaesthetic: A case series of sixty-eight patients. Clinical Otolaryngology. 39(4), pp. 224 - 227. https://doi.org/10.1111/coa.12274
Patient-reported outcomes following parotid-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. How important is dysphagia?
Roe, Justin W. G., Drinnan, Michael J., Carding, Paul N., Harrington, Kevin J. and Nutting, Christopher M.. (2014). Patient-reported outcomes following parotid-sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. How important is dysphagia? Oral Oncology. 50(12), pp. 1182 - 1187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.09.009
Swallowing in the first year after chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer : Clinician-and patient-reported outcomes
Patterson, J, McColl, E, Carding, Paul, Hildreth, A, Kelly, Charles and Wilson, Janet. (2014). Swallowing in the first year after chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer : Clinician-and patient-reported outcomes. Head and Neck: journal for the sciences and specialities of the head and neck. 36(3), pp. 352 - 358. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.23306
Head and neck cancer and dysphagia : Caring for carers
Patterson, J, Rapley, T, Carding, Paul, Wilson, Janet and McColl, E. (2013). Head and neck cancer and dysphagia : Caring for carers. Psycho-Oncology: journal of the psychological, social and behavioral dimensions of cancer. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.3226
Current issues in voice assessment and intervention in the United Kingdom
Carding, Paul. (2013). Current issues in voice assessment and intervention in the United Kingdom. In In E. M-L. Yiu (Ed.). International perspectives on voice disorders pp. 83 - 89 Multilingual Matters.
Swallowing in the first year after chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer : Clinician-and patient-reported outcomes
Patterson, J, McColl, E, Carding, Paul, Hildreth, A, Kelly, Charles and Wilson, Janet. (2013). Swallowing in the first year after chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer : Clinician-and patient-reported outcomes. Head and Neck: journal for the sciences and specialities of the head and neck. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.23306
Head and neck cancer and dysphagia : Caring for carers
Patterson, J, Rapley, T, Carding, Paul, Wilson, Janet and McColl, E. (2013). Head and neck cancer and dysphagia : Caring for carers. Psycho-Oncology: journal of the psychological, social and behavioral dimensions of cancer. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.3226
Voice outcomes after concurrent chemoradiotherapy for advanced nonlaryngeal head and neck cancer : A prospective study
Paleri, V, Carding, Paul, Chatterjee, S, Kelly, Charles, Wilson, Janet, Welch, Andrew and Drinnan, M. (2012). Voice outcomes after concurrent chemoradiotherapy for advanced nonlaryngeal head and neck cancer : A prospective study. Head and Neck: journal for the sciences and specialities of the head and neck. 34(12), pp. 1747 - 1752. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.22003
A new voice rating tool for clinical practice
Gould, James, Waugh, J, Carding, Paul and Drinnan, M. (2012). A new voice rating tool for clinical practice. Journal of Voice. 26(4), pp. 163 - 170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.011
Assessment and management of dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer who receive radiotherapy in the United Kingdom : A web-based survey
Roe, J, Carding, Paul, Rhys-Evans, P, Newbold, K, Harrington, K and Nutting, C. (2012). Assessment and management of dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer who receive radiotherapy in the United Kingdom : A web-based survey. Oral Oncology. 48(4), pp. 343 - 348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2011.11.003
What other journals tell us. Laryngeal transplantation: Working party final report, June 2011
Narula, Tony, Bradley, Patrick, Carding, Paul Nicholas, Hakim, Nadey, Rumsey, Nichola, Sokol, Daniel and Edwards, Simon. (2012). What other journals tell us. Laryngeal transplantation: Working party final report, June 2011. Clinical Otolaryngology. 37(1), pp. 53 - 55. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-4486.2012.02439.x
Dysphagia after nonsurgical head and neck cancer treatment :Patients' perspectives
Wilson, Janet, Carding, Paul and Patterson, J. (2011). Dysphagia after nonsurgical head and neck cancer treatment :Patients' perspectives. Otolaryngology. 145(5), pp. 767 - 771. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599811414506
Effectiveness of voice therapy in functional dysphonia :Where are we now?
Bos-Clark, M and Carding, Paul. (2011). Effectiveness of voice therapy in functional dysphonia :Where are we now? Current Opinion in Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery. 19(3), pp. 160 - 164. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOO.0b013e3283448f85
Relationship between fatigue, perfectionism, and functional dysphonia
O'Hara, J, Miller, T, Carding, Paul, Wilson, Janet and Deary, V. (2011). Relationship between fatigue, perfectionism, and functional dysphonia. Otolaryngology. 144(6), pp. 921 - 926. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599811401236
The clinical application of the 100 mL water swallow test in head and neck cancer
Patterson, J, Hildreth, A, McColl, E, Carding, Paul, Hamilton, D and Wilson, Janet. (2011). The clinical application of the 100 mL water swallow test in head and neck cancer. Oral Oncology. 47(3), pp. 180 - 184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2010.11.020
Reliable jitter and shimmer measurements in voice clinics :The relevance of vowel, gender, vocal intensity, and fundamental frequency effects in a typical clinical task
Brockmann, M, Drinnan, M, Storck, C and Carding, Paul. (2011). Reliable jitter and shimmer measurements in voice clinics :The relevance of vowel, gender, vocal intensity, and fundamental frequency effects in a typical clinical task. Journal of Voice. 25(1), pp. 44 - 53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.07.002
From dysphonia to dysphoria : Mokken scaling shows a strong, reliable hierarchy of voice symptoms in the Voice Symptom Scale questionnaire
Deary, Ian, Wilson, Janet, Carding, Paul, MacKenzie, K and Watson, Roger. (2010). From dysphonia to dysphoria : Mokken scaling shows a strong, reliable hierarchy of voice symptoms in the Voice Symptom Scale questionnaire. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 68(1), pp. 67 - 71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.06.008
Swallowing outcomes following intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for head & neck cancer : A systematic review
Roe, J, Carding, Paul, Dwivedi, R, Kazi, R, Rhys-Evans, P, Harrington, K and Nutting, C. (2010). Swallowing outcomes following intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for head & neck cancer : A systematic review. Oral Oncology. 46(10), pp. 727 - 733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2010.07.012
From dysphonia to dysphoria : Mokken scaling shows a strong, reliable hierarchy of voice symptoms in the Voice Symptom Scale questionnaire
Deary, Ian, Wilson, Janet, Carding, Paul, MacKenzie, K and Watson, Roger. (2010). From dysphonia to dysphoria : Mokken scaling shows a strong, reliable hierarchy of voice symptoms in the Voice Symptom Scale questionnaire. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 68(1), pp. 67 - 71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.06.008
Swallowing outcomes following intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for head & neck cancer : A systematic review
Roe, J, Carding, Paul, Dwivedi, R, Kazi, R, Rhys-Evans, P, Harrington, K and Nutting, C. (2010). Swallowing outcomes following intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for head & neck cancer : A systematic review. Oral Oncology. 46(10), pp. 727 - 733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2010.07.012
Swallowing performance in patients with head and neck cancer: A simple clinical test
Patterson, Joanne M., McColl, Elaine, Carding, Paul Nicholas, Kelly, Charles G. and Wilson, Janet A.. (2009). Swallowing performance in patients with head and neck cancer: A simple clinical test. Oral Oncology. 45(10), pp. 904 - 907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2009.03.012
The voice handicap index with post-laryngectomy male voices research report
Evans, Eryl, Carding, Paul Nicholas and Drinnan, Michael. (2009). The voice handicap index with post-laryngectomy male voices research report. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders. 44(5), pp. 575 - 586. https://doi.org/10.1080/13682820902928729
Comparing health locus of control in patients with" "spasmodic dysphonia, functional dysphonia and nonlaryngeal dystonia
Haselden, Karen, Powell, Theresa, Drinnan, Mike and Carding, Paul Nicholas. (2009). Comparing health locus of control in patients with" "spasmodic dysphonia, functional dysphonia and nonlaryngeal dystonia. Journal of Voice. 23(6), pp. 699 - 706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.03.011
Measuring voice outcomes: State of the science review
Carding, Paul Nicholas, Wilson, Janet A., MacKenzie, K. and Deary, Ian J.. (2009). Measuring voice outcomes: State of the science review. Journal of Laryngology and Otology. 123(8), pp. 823 - 829. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022215109005398
Can we perceptually rate alaryngeal voice? Developing the Sunderland Tracheoesophageal Voice Perceptual Scale
Hurren, A., Hildreth, A. J. and Carding, Paul Nicholas. (2009). Can we perceptually rate alaryngeal voice? Developing the Sunderland Tracheoesophageal Voice Perceptual Scale. Clinical Otolaryngology. 34(6), pp. 533 - 538. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-4486.2009.02034.x
Speech and voice outcomes in oropharyngeal cancer and evaluation of the University of Washington Quality of Life speech domain
Thomas, Lois H., Jones, Tony M., Tandon, S., Carding, Paul Nicholas, Lowe, Derek G. and Rogers, Sarah. (2009). Speech and voice outcomes in oropharyngeal cancer and evaluation of the University of Washington Quality of Life speech domain. Clinical Otolaryngology. 34(1), pp. 34 - 42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-4486.2008.01830.x
The nature and severity of voice disorders in lung cancer patients
Lee, Clare F., Carding, Paul Nicholas and Fletcher, Mike. (2008). The nature and severity of voice disorders in lung cancer patients. Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology. 33(2), pp. 93 - 103. https://doi.org/10.1080/14015430701745997
Short-term voice quality results following percutaneous medialisation of the paralysed vocal cord under local anaesthesia using calcium hydroxyapatite gel: How we do it
Karagama, Y., Hurren, A., Carding, Paul Nicholas and Lindsey, L.. (2008). Short-term voice quality results following percutaneous medialisation of the paralysed vocal cord under local anaesthesia using calcium hydroxyapatite gel: How we do it. Clinical Otolaryngology. 33(4), pp. 362 - 366. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-4486.2008.01690.x
Optimising outcome assessment of voice interventions, ii: Sensitivity to change of self-reported and observer-rated measures
Steen, I. N., MacKenzie, K., Carding, Paul Nicholas, Webb, A., Deary, Ian J. and Wilson, Janet A.. (2008). Optimising outcome assessment of voice interventions, ii: Sensitivity to change of self-reported and observer-rated measures. Journal of Laryngology and Otology. 122(1), pp. 46 - 51. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022215107007839
Voice change following thyroid and parathyroid surgery
Meek, Pauline, Carding, Paul Nicholas, Howard, D. H. and Lennard, T. W.J.. (2008). Voice change following thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Journal of Voice. 22(6), pp. 765 - 772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.02.002
Voice loudness and gender effects on jitter and shimmer in healthy adults
Brockmann, Meike, Storck, Claudio, Carding, Paul Nicholas and Drinnan, Michael J.. (2008). Voice loudness and gender effects on jitter and shimmer in healthy adults. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. 51(5), pp. 1152 - 1160. https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2008/06-0208)