Exploring the effect of context and expertise on attention : is attention shifted by information in medical images?

Journal article


Carrigan, Ann, Curby, Kim, Moerel, Denise and Rich, Anina N.. (2019). Exploring the effect of context and expertise on attention : is attention shifted by information in medical images? Attention, Perception and Psychophysics. 81(5), pp. 1283-1296. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01695-7
AuthorsCarrigan, Ann, Curby, Kim, Moerel, Denise and Rich, Anina N.
Abstract

Radiologists make critical decisions based on searching and interpreting medical images. The probability of a lung nodule differs across anatomical regions within the chest, raising the possibility that radiologists might have a prior expectation that creates an attentional bias. The development of expertise is also thought to cause "tuning" to relevant features, allowing radiologists to become faster and more accurate at detecting potential masses within their domain of expertise. Here, we tested both radiologists and control participants with a novel attentional-cueing paradigm to investigate whether the deployment of attention was affected (1) by a context that might invoke prior knowledge for experts, (2) by a nodule localized either on the same or on opposite sides as a subsequent target, and (3) by inversion of the nodule-present chest radiographs, to assess the orientation specificity of any effects. The participants also performed a nodule detection task to verify that our presentation duration was sufficient to extract diagnostic information. We saw no evidence of priors triggered by a normal chest radiograph cue affecting attention. When the cue was an upright abnormal chest radiograph, radiologists were faster when the lateralised nodule and the subsequent target
appeared at the same rather than at opposite locations, suggesting attention was captured by the nodule. The opposite pattern was present for inverted images. We saw no evidence of cueing for control participants in any condition, which suggests that radiologists are indeed more sensitive to visual features that are not perceived as salient by naïve observers.

KeywordsVisual attention; Medical image perception; Spatial attention cueing
Year01 Jan 2019
JournalAttention, Perception and Psychophysics
Journal citation81 (5), pp. 1283-1296
PublisherSpringer New York LLC
ISSN1943-3921
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01695-7
Web address (URL)https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13414-019-01695-7
Open accessOpen access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range1283-1296
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Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Print01 Mar 2019
Publication process dates
Deposited28 Nov 2024
Supplemental file
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Open
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© The Author(s) 2019.

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Place of publicationUnited States
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