The use of specialty skills among internationally qualified nurses in Australia: A mixed methods research

Recruiting internationally qualified nurses (IQNs) is a long-standing strategy to address nursing shortages in developed countries. However, recognising and utilising IQNs’ specialised skills remains complex due to unclear pathways.

This mixed-methods research investigates how IQNs transfer specialty skills after immigration. A policy review of 26 policies from 20 countries found that only four provided specialised nurse registration pathways, all requiring postgraduate qualifications. This highlights significant gaps in facilitating skill transfer in developed countries.

A literature review revealed inconsistencies in defining nurse specialties and barriers to skill transfer across institutions and borders. There is limited research on IQNs’ and managers’ perspectives, making this study a critical contribution.

Phase 1 surveys of IQNs and managers identified barriers such as complex visa processes, inadequate support, and variability in qualifications. Successful integration depends on socio-cultural adaptation, managerial support, and structured transition programs.

Phase 2 identified facilitators such as standardised skill assessments, mentorship, cultural integration, and employer engagement. Despite these, challenges like complex registration, misconceptions about qualifications, and fragmented skill recognition persist, hindering effective skill use.

Meta-analysis of findings from 115 participants, including IQNs and managers, showed that IQNs bring valuable specialised skills to Australian healthcare. Their effective use depends on practice opportunities, self-determination, and tailored transition programs.

Recommendations include establishing an IQN support program, upskilling managers, and creating strategies to maximise IQNs’ skills. These findings provide guidance for IQNs, managers, healthcare administrators, and regulatory bodies to improve policies and practices for IQN integration.