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Integrating localization and energy-awareness: A novel geographic routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks
Hao, Kun Shen, Haifeng Liu, Yonglei Wang, Beibei Du, Xiujuan
Hao, Kun
Shen, Haifeng
Liu, Yonglei
Wang, Beibei
Du, Xiujuan
Abstract
Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are the enabling technology for a new era of underwater monitoring and actuation applications. While an efficient routing protocol for data packet delivery is crucial to UWSNs, design of such a protocol faces many challenges due to the characteristics of the acoustic channel used for communication. One of the challenges is high energy consumption by sensors in routing, which critically shortens the lifespan of the sensors involved in packet delivery. In this paper, we present a novel energy-efficient localization-based geographic routing protocol EEL, which uses location information and residual energy of sensor nodes to greedily forward data packets to sink nodes. EEL periodically updates the location information of nodes in an UWSN and effectively adapt to the dynamic topological changes of the network. EEL iterates through a list of candidate forwarding nodes by considering the NADV (Normalized Advancement) of these nodes that determines their transmission priority levels. Simulation results show that EEL can effectively locate sensor nodes while significantly improving the packet delivery ratio and reducing the energy consumption in a routing process as compared to other routing protocols used by UWSNs.
Keywords
Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs), Localization, Geographic routing, Energy consumption
Date
2018
Type
Journal article
Journal
Mobile Networks and Applications
Book
Volume
23
Issue
5
Page Range
1427-1435
Article Number
ACU Department
Peter Faber Business School
Faculty of Law and Business
Faculty of Law and Business
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Event URL
Open Access Status
License
File Access
Controlled