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Perfectionistic profiles among elite athletes and differences in their motivational orientations
Gucciardi, Daniel F. Mahoney, John William Jalleh, Geoffery Donovan, Robert J. Parkes, Jarred
Gucciardi, Daniel F.
Mahoney, John William
Jalleh, Geoffery
Donovan, Robert J.
Parkes, Jarred
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Abstract
Although there is an emerging body of research that has examined perfectionistic clusters in the general population, few studies have explored such profiles in athlete samples. The purposes of this research were to explore perfectionistic profiles within a sample of elite athletes and the differences between them on key motivational variables. A sample of 423 elite athletes (179 males, 244 females) aged between 14 and 66 years (M = 25.64; SD = 8.57) from a variety of team (e.g., rowing, hockey, baseball, rugby) and individual sports (e.g., cycling, athletics, triathlon, gymnastics) completed a multisection questionnaire including measures of sport perfectionism, motivation regulation, achievement goals, and fear of failure. Cluster analyses revealed the existence of three perfectionism profiles, namely, nonperfectionists, maladaptive perfectionists, and adaptive perfectionists. Subsequent analyses generally supported the robustness of these perfectionism profiles in terms of differential motivational orientations (achievement goals, fear of failure, and motivation regulation) in hypothesized directions. Overall, the differences in motivational orientations between the three clusters supported a categorical conceptualization of perfectionism.
Keywords
categorical conceptualization, achievement goals, fear of failure, cluster analysis, person-centered analyses
Date
2012
Type
Journal article
Journal
Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
Book
Volume
34
Issue
2
Page Range
159-183
Article Number
ACU Department
Centre for Education and Innovation
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DOI
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Open Access Status
License
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Controlled