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The role of calcium supplementation in healthy musculoskeletal ageing: An expert consensus meeting of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the International Foundation for Osteoporosis (IOF)
Harvey, Nicholas C. Biver, Emmanuel Kaufman, J, Bauer, Jürgen M. Branco, J. Brandi, Maria Luisa Bruyère, O. Coxam, V. Cruz-Jentoft, Alfonso J. Czerwinski, E.
Harvey, Nicholas C.
Biver, Emmanuel
Kaufman, J,
Bauer, Jürgen M.
Branco, J.
Brandi, Maria Luisa
Bruyère, O.
Coxam, V.
Cruz-Jentoft, Alfonso J.
Czerwinski, E.
Abstract
The place of calcium supplementation, with or without concomitant vitamin D supplementation, has been much debated in terms of both efficacy and safety. There have been numerous trials and meta-analyses of supplementation for fracture reduction, and associations with risk of myocardial infarction have been suggested in recent years. In this report, the product of an expert consensus meeting of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the International Foundation for Osteoporosis (IOF), we review the evidence for the value of calcium supplementation, with or without vitamin D supplementation, for healthy musculoskeletal ageing. We conclude that (1) calcium and vitamin D supplementation leads to a modest reduction in fracture risk, although population-level intervention has not been shown to be an effective public health strategy; (2) supplementation with calcium alone for fracture reduction is not supported by the literature; (3) side effects of calcium supplementation include renal stones and gastrointestinal symptoms; (4) vitamin D supplementation, rather than calcium supplementation, may reduce falls risk; and (5) assertions of increased cardiovascular risk consequent to calcium supplementation are not convincingly supported by current evidence. In conclusion, we recommend, on the basis of the current evidence, that calcium supplementation, with concomitant vitamin D supplementation, is supported for patients at high risk of calcium and vitamin D insufficiency, and in those who are receiving treatment for osteoporosis.
Keywords
Calcium supplementation, Fracture reduction, Myocardial infarction, Vitamin D supplementation
Date
2017
Type
Journal article
Journal
Osteoporosis International
Book
Volume
28
Issue
2
Page Range
447-462
Article Number
ACU Department
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
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Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
License
File Access
Controlled