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Packing computing servers into the vessel of an underwater data center considering cooling efficiency
Hu, Zhi-Hua Zheng, Yu-Xin Wang, You-Gan
Hu, Zhi-Hua
Zheng, Yu-Xin
Wang, You-Gan
Abstract
An Underwater Data Center (UDC) is an underwater vessel full of computing servers and designed with a cooling system using cold water in the ocean. A UDC vessel is composed of cabinets for computing servers, and the cabinets are finally packed into racks that facilitate the installments of the computing servers. We formulate the problem of packing cabinets into the vessel by considering the water volume required for server cooling and the placement of the cabinets of servers. Due to different patterns of racks, a set of mixed-integer linear programs were developed, and they were solved by methods with several stages. As demonstrated by experiments, the proposed models and strategies effectively solve the simulated instances generated by considering the cooling principles. The cabinets with more considerable differences in their width and height are better than single-sized cabinets because the smaller cabinets make the packing process more flexible. Moreover, multi-sized cabinet packing is significantly better than single-sized cabinet packing. Additionally, it is not always appropriate to use racks with large capacities. However, racks with multiple capacities may improve the space and energy utilization degrees when the size and the designed heat power consumption of the data center are fixed.
Keywords
underwater data center, packing optimization, cooling system, data centers, mixed-integer linear program
Date
2022
Type
Journal article
Journal
Applied Energy
Book
Volume
314
Issue
Page Range
1-18
Article Number
Article 118986
ACU Department
Institute for Learning Sciences and Teacher Education (ILSTE)
Faculty of Education and Arts
Faculty of Education and Arts
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
License
All rights reserved
File Access
Controlled