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Early origins of mental disorder: Risk factors in the perinatal and infant period
Newman, Louise Judd, Fiona Olsson, Craig A. Castle, David J. Bousman, Chad Sheehan, Penelope Pantelis, Christos Craig, Jeffrey M. Komiti, Angela Everall, Ian P.
Newman, Louise
Judd, Fiona
Olsson, Craig A.
Castle, David J.
Bousman, Chad
Sheehan, Penelope
Pantelis, Christos
Craig, Jeffrey M.
Komiti, Angela
Everall, Ian P.
Abstract
Background: There is increasing understanding of the significance of early neurodevelopment in establishing risk for the range of mental disorders. Models of the early aetiology of mental disorders are complex with a range of potential factors from genetic and epigenetic to environmental influencing neurological and psychological development. Whilst the mechanisms are not fully understood, this paper provides an overview of potential biological and neurobiological factors that might be involved. Method: An aetiological model is presented and discussed. The discussion includes a range of risk factors for mental disorder. Maternal anxiety disorder is presented and reviewed as an example of the interaction of placental, epigenetic and early parenting factors elevating risk of poor neonatal outcome. Results: Available evidence points to the importance of in-utero influences as well as the role of early attachment and emotional care. Transgenerational mechanisms such as the impact of maternal mental disorder on foetal development are important models for examination of early risk. Maternal anxiety, as an example, is a significant risk factor for compromised mental health. Conclusions: Development of models for understanding the early origins of mental disorder is an important step in elaborating risk reduction strategies. Comprehensive early identification of risk raises the possibility of preventive interventions
Keywords
pregnancy, babyhood, attachment, social and emotional development, neurobiology
Date
2016
Type
Journal article
Journal
BMC Psychiatry
Book
Volume
16
Issue
1
Page Range
1-8
Article Number
ACU Department
Collections
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
Open access
License
File Access
Open