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The impact of red and processed meat consumption on cardiovascular disease risk in women
Bovalino, Stephen Charleson, Georgia Szoeke, Cassandra
Bovalino, Stephen
Charleson, Georgia
Szoeke, Cassandra
Abstract
Objective: Recent studies suggest that red and processed meat consumption is strongly linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in Australian women. The aim of this study was to examine the association of red and processed meat consumption with CVD using the Framingham score. Methods: Included in the analysis were two separate female cohorts, one from an Internet-based health survey (n = 13 509, age range 30–74) and the other from a longitudinal epidemiological study (n = 176, age range 65–74). Information was available on red and processed meat consumption, exercise, and all parameters required for calculation of the Framingham score. Binomial regression was used to examine the association within the Internet-based cohort, whereas Kruskal-Wallis H tests and a Mann-Whitney U test were employed for analysis of the data in the epidemiological study. Results: Consumption of red and processed meat 3 to 4 times and > 5 times per week was associated with Framingham scores 1.064 (P = 0.002) and 1.108 (P ≤ 0.001) times higher, respectively, compared with consuming < 1 time per week (n = 13509). A similar pattern was observed in the more detailed cohort, where those in the highest quartile of processed meat consumption had a relative 28.5% increase in median Framingham scores compared with the lowest quartile, with a difference of 4.5 observed (P = 0.043). No relationship was observed when red meat was investigated exclusively. Conclusion: The results of our analysis support an association between red and processed meat consumption and CVD risk in women and suggest that the association is stronger for processed meat alone.
Keywords
cardiovascular disease, red meat, processed meat, framingham risk score, women, australia
Date
2016
Type
Journal article
Journal
Nutrition
Book
Volume
32
Issue
3
Page Range
349-354
Article Number
ACU Department
Collections
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
License
File Access
Controlled