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Clinical and socio-demographic determinants of inadequate self-care in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus: The leading role of self-care confidence
Caruso, Rosario Rebora, Paola Dellafiore, Federica Fabrizi, Diletta Riegel, Barbara Ausili, Davide Di Mauro, Stefania
Caruso, Rosario
Rebora, Paola
Dellafiore, Federica
Fabrizi, Diletta
Riegel, Barbara
Ausili, Davide
Di Mauro, Stefania
Abstract
Aims To describe self-care maintenance, monitoring, and management behaviors in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM), and to identify clinical and socio-demographic determinants of inadequate self-care. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in two diabetes outpatient clinics in Italy. Clinical and socio-demographic characteristics were collected from the medical records of 181 consecutively enrolled T1DM patients. The Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory was used to measure self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, self-care management and self-care confidence. A standardized 0–100 score was used for each self-care dimension. A score < 70 was considered inadequate self-care. Three multiple logistic regression models were run to find determinants of inadequate self-care maintenance, monitoring, and management. Results The majority of patients had adequate self-care maintenance (74%; n = 134), self-care monitoring (68.5%; n = 124) and self-care confidence (87.3%; n = 158), while self-care management was adequate for only a minority (34.8%; n = 63). The odds of inadequate self-care maintenance increased by 4.5 times when self-care confidence was inadequate (OR adjusted 4.589; 95% CI 1.611–13.071; p = 0.004). The odds of inadequate self-care monitoring increased four times when patients had inadequate self-care confidence (OR adjusted 4.116; 95% CI 1.457–11.628; p = 0.008). Inadequate self-care confidence increased the odds of performing inadequate self-care management more than five times (OR adjusted 5.313; 95% CI 1.143–24.686; p = 0.033). Conclusions Self-care management is commonly inadequate in adults with T1DM. Self-care confidence is the most important determinant of self-care behaviors in this population. Educational interventions are recommended to improve self-care confidence in adults with T1DM.
Keywords
self-care, self-management, self-efficacy, diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, risk factors, health education
Date
2019
Type
Journal article
Journal
Acta Diabetologica
Book
Volume
56
Issue
Page Range
151-161
Article Number
ACU Department
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
Collections
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
License
File Access
Controlled