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Frailty and sarcopenia: Definitions and outcome parameters
Cooper, Cyrus Dere, W. Evans, William J. Kanis, John A. Rizzoli, R Sayer, A. A. Sieber, C. C. Kaufman, J Van Kan, G. Abellan Boonen, S.
Cooper, Cyrus
Dere, W.
Evans, William J.
Kanis, John A.
Rizzoli, R
Sayer, A. A.
Sieber, C. C.
Kaufman, J
Van Kan, G. Abellan
Boonen, S.
Abstract
An operational definition of musculoskeletal decline in older people is needed to allow development of interventions for prevention or treatment, as was developed for the treatment of osteoporosis. Frailty and sarcopenia are linked, but distinct, correlates of musculoskeletal aging that have many causes, including age-related changes in body composition, inflammation, and hormonal imbalance. With the emergence of a number of exciting candidate therapies to retard the loss of muscle mass with aging, the derivation of a consensual definition of sarcopenia and physical frailty becomes an urgent priority. Although several consensual definitions have been proposed, these require clinical validation. An operational definition, which might provide a threshold for treatment/trial inclusion, should incorporate a loss of muscle mass as well as evidence of a decrease in muscle strength and/or physical activity. Evidence is required for a link between improvements in the measures of muscle strength and/or physical activity and clinical outcomes to allow development of interventions to improve clinical outcomes in frail older patients.
Keywords
Assessment, Frailty, Outcome, Pathophysiology, Sarcopenia, Treatment
Date
2012
Type
Journal article
Journal
Osteoporosis International
Book
Volume
23
Issue
7
Page Range
1839-1848
Article Number
ACU Department
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
Collections
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
License
File Access
Controlled