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Rationale and protocol of the Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease (DAPA-CKD) randomized controlled trial
Heerspink, Hiddo J. L. Stefansson, Bergur V. Chertow, Glenn M. Correa-Rotter, Ricardo Greene, Tom Hou, Fan-Fan Lindberg, Magnus McMurray, John Rossing, Peter Toto, Roberto
Heerspink, Hiddo J. L.
Stefansson, Bergur V.
Chertow, Glenn M.
Correa-Rotter, Ricardo
Greene, Tom
Hou, Fan-Fan
Lindberg, Magnus
McMurray, John
Rossing, Peter
Toto, Roberto
Abstract
Background
Recent cardiovascular outcome trials have shown that sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors slow the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk. Whether these benefits extend to CKD patients without type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease is unknown. The Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in CKD (DAPA-CKD) trial (NCT03036150) will assess the effect of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on renal and cardiovascular events in a broad range of patients with CKD with and without diabetes.
Methods
DAPA-CKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, trial in which ∼4300 patients with CKD Stages 2–4 and elevated urinary albumin excretion will be enrolled. The vast majority will be receiving a maximum tolerated dose of a renin–angiotensin system inhibitor at enrolment.
Results
After a screening assessment, eligible patients with a urinary albumin:creatinine ratio ≥200 mg/g and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 25 and 75 mL/min/1.73 m2 are randomly assigned to placebo or dapagliflozin 10 mg/day. Enrolment is monitored to ensure that at least 30% of patients do not have diabetes and that no more than 10% have an eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2. The primary endpoint is a composite of a sustained decline in eGFR of ≥50%, end-stage renal disease, renal death or cardiovascular death. The trial will conclude when 681 primary renal events have occurred, providing 90% power to detect a 22% relative risk reduction (α level of 0.05).
Conclusion
DAPA-CKD will determine whether the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin, added to guideline-recommended therapies, safely reduces the rate of renal and cardiovascular events in patients across multiple CKD stages with and without diabetes.
Keywords
chronic kidney disease, dapagliflozin, randomized controlled clinical trial, sodium–glucose co-transporter inhibitor
Date
2020
Type
Journal article
Journal
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation
Book
Volume
35
Issue
2
Page Range
274-282
Article Number
ACU Department
Collections
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
Published as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
License
CC BY-NC 4.0
File Access
Open