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Diabetes mortality and trends before 25 years of age : An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Cousin, Ewerton Duncan, Bruce B. Stein, Caroline Ong, Kanyin Liane Vos, Theo Abbafati, Cristiana Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abdelmasseh, Michael Abdoli, Amir Abd-Rabu, Rami
Cousin, Ewerton
Duncan, Bruce B.
Stein, Caroline
Ong, Kanyin Liane
Vos, Theo
Abbafati, Cristiana
Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen
Abdelmasseh, Michael
Abdoli, Amir
Abd-Rabu, Rami
Author
Cousin, Ewerton
Duncan, Bruce B.
Stein, Caroline
Ong, Kanyin Liane
Vos, Theo
Abbafati, Cristiana
Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen
Abdelmasseh, Michael
Abdoli, Amir
Abd-Rabu, Rami
Abolhassani, Hassan
Abu-Gharbieh, Eman
Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou
Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
Afzal, Muhammad Sohail
Agarwal, Gina
Agrawaal, Krishna K.
Agudelo-Botero, Marcela
Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku
Ahmad, Sajjad
Ahmad, Tauseef
Ahmadi, Keivan
Ahmadi, Sepideh
Ahmadi, Ali
Ahmed, Ali
Ahmed Salih, Yusra
Akande-Sholabi, Wuraola
Akram, Tayyaba
Al Hamad, Hanadi
Al-Aly, Ziyad
Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth
Alipour, Vahid
Aljunid, Syed Mohamed
Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.
Alvis-Guzman, Nelson
Amini, Saeed
Ancuceanu, Robert
Andrei, Tudorel
Andrei, Catalina Liliana
Anjana, Ranjit Mohan
Ansar, Adnan
Antonazzo, Ippazio Cosimo
Antony, Benny
Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward
Arabloo, Jalal
Arizmendi, Damian
Armocida, Benedetta
Artamonov, Anton A.
Arulappan, Judie
Aryan, Zahra
Asgari, Samaneh
Ashraf, Tahira
Astell-Burt, Thomas
Atorkey, Prince
Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi
Ayanore, Martin Amogre
Badiye, Ashish D.
Baig, Atif Amin
Bairwa, Mohan
Baker, Jennifer L.
Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin
Banik, Palash Chandra
Barnett, Anthony
Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara
Barone-Adesi, Francesco
Barrow, Amadou
Bedi, Neeraj
Belete, Rebuma
Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal
Bell, Arielle Wilder
Bennett, Derrick A.
Bensenor, Isabela M.
Beran, David
Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth
Bhaskar, Sonu
Bhattacharyya, Krittika
Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S.
Bijani, Ali
Bikbov, Boris
Birara, Setognal
Bodolica, Virginia
Bonny, Aime
Brenner, Hermann
Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich
Butt, Zahid A.
Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano
Cámera, Luis Alberto
Campos-Nonato, Ismael R.
Cao, Yin
Cao, Chao
Cerin, Ester
Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo
Chandan, Joht Singh
Chattu, Vijay Kumar
Chen, Simiao
Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine
Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan
Chowdhury, Enayet Karim
Chu, Dinh-Toi
Corso, Barbara
Dadras, Omid
Dai, Xiaochen
Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura
Dandona, Lalit
Dandona, Rakhi
Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto
De Neve, Jan-Walter
Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar
Dhamnetiya, Deepak
Diaz, Daniel
Ebtehaj, Sanam
Edinur, Hisham Atan
Eftekharzadeh, Sahar
El Sayed, Iman
Elgendy, Islam Y.
Elhadi, Muhammed
Elmonem, Mohamed A.
Faisaluddin, Mohammed
Farooque, Umar
Feng, Xiaoqi
Fernandes, Eduarda
Fischer, Florian
Flood, David
Freitas, Marisa
Gaal, Peter Andras
Gad, Mohamed M.
Gaewkhiew, Piyada
Getacher, Lemma
Ghafourifard, Mansour
Ghanei Gheshlagh, Reza
Ghashghaee, Ahmad
Ghith, Nermin
Ghozali, Ghozali
Gill, Paramjit Singh
Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed
Glushkova, Ekaterina Vladimirovna
Golechha, Mahaveer
Gopalani, Sameer Vali
Guimarães, Rafael Alves
Gupta, Rajat Das
Gupta, Rajeev
Gupta, Vivek Kumar
Gupta, Veer Bala
Gupta, Sapna
Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie
Hafezi-Nejad, Nima
Halwani, Rabih
Hanif, Asif
Hankey, Graeme J.
Haque, Shafiul
Hasaballah, Ahmed I.
Hasan, Syed Shahzad
Hashi, Abdiwahab
Hassanipour, Soheil
Hay, Simon I.
Hayat, Khezar
Heidari, Mohammad
Hossain, Mohammad Bellal Hossain
Hossain, Sahadat
Hosseini, Mostafa
Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh
Huang, Junjie
Humayun, Ayesha
Hussain, Rabia
Hwang, Bing-Fang
Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel
Ikuta, Kevin S.
Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja
Iqbal, Usman
Islam, Md Shariful
Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
Islam, Rakibul M.
Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah
Isola, Gaetano
Itumalla, Ramaiah
Iwagami, Masao
Iyamu, Ihoghosa Osamuyi
Jahani, Mohammad Ali
Jakovljevic, Mihajlo
Jayawardena, Ranil
Jha, Ravi Prakash
John, Oommen
Jonas, Jost B.
Joo, Tamas
Kabir, Ali
Kalhor, Rohollah
Kamath, Ashwin
Kanchan, Tanuj
Kandel, Himal
Kapoor, Neeti
Kayode, Gbenga A.
Kebede, Sewnet Adem
Keshavarz, Pedram
Keykhaei, Mohammad
Khader, Yousef Saleh
Khajuria, Himanshu
Khan, Moien A. B.
Khan, Md Nuruzzaman
Khan, Maseer
Khater, Amir M.
Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer
Khubchandani, Jagdish
Kim, Min Seo
Kim, Yun Jin
Kimokoti, Ruth W.
Kisa, Sezer
Kisa, Adnan
Kivimäki, Mika
Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich
Korzh, Oleksii
Koyanagi, Ai
Krishan, Kewal
Kuate Defo, Barthelemy
Kumar, G. Anil
Kumar, Nithin
Kusuma, Dian
La Vecchia, Carlo
Lacey, Ben
Larsson, Anders O.
Lasrado, Savita
Lee, Wei-Chen
Lee, Chiachi Bonnie
Lee, Paul H.
Lee, Shaun Wen Huey
Li, Ming-Chieh
Lim, Stephen S.
Lim, Lee-Ling
Lucchetti, Giancarlo
Majeed, Azeem
Malik, Ahmad Azam
Mansouri, Borhan
Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni
Martini, Santi
Mathur, Prashant
McAlinden, Colm
Mehedi, Nafiul
Mekonnen, Teferi
Menezes, Ritesh G.
Mersha, Amanual Getnet
Miao Jonasson, Junmei
Miazgowski, Tomasz
Michalek, Irmina Maria
Mirica, Andreea
Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.
Mirza, Agha Zeeshan
Mithra, Prasanna
Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah
Mohammadpourhodki, Reza
Mohammed, Arif
Mokdad, Ali H.
Molokhia, Mariam
Monasta, Lorenzo
Moni, Mohammad Ali
Moradpour, Farhad
Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah
Mostafavi, Ebrahim
Mueller, Ulrich Otto
Murray, Christopher J. L.
Mustafa, Ahmad
Nagel, Gabriele
Nangia, Vinay
Naqvi, Atta Abbas
Nayak, Biswa Prakash
Nazari, Javad
Ndejjo, Rawlance
Negoi, Ruxandra Irina
Neupane Kandel, Sandhya
Nguyen, Cuong Tat
Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi
Noubiap, Jean Jacques
Nowak, Christoph
Oancea, Bogdan
Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade
Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru
Ojo, Temitope T.
Olagunju, Andrew T.
Onwujekwe, Obinna E.
Ortiz, Alberto
Owolabi, Mayowa O.
Palladino, Raffaele
Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra
Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R.
Pardhan, Shahina
Parekh, Tarang
Parvizi, Mojtaba
Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino
Perianayagam, Arokiasamy
Petcu, Ionela-Roxana
Pilania, Manju
Podder, Vivek
Polibin, Roman V.
Postma, Maarten J.
Prashant, Akila
Rabiee, Navid
Rabiee, Mohammad
Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa
Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
Rahman, Md Mosfequr
Rahman, Mosiur
Rahmawaty, Setyaningrum
Rajai, Nazanin
Ram, Pradhum
Rana, Juwel
Ranabhat, Kamal
Ranasinghe, Priyanga
Rao, Chythra R.
Rao, Satish
Rawaf, Salman
Rawaf, David Laith
Rawal, Lal
Renzaho, Andre M. N.
Rezaei, Nima
Rezapour, Aziz
Riahi, Seyed Mohammad
Ribeiro, Daniela
Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia
Roever, Leonardo
Rohloff, Peter
Rwegerera, Godfrey M.
Ryan, Paul MacDaragh
Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed
Sabour, Siamak
Saddik, Basema
Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar
Sahebkar, Amirhossein
Sahoo, Harihar
Saif-Ur-Rahman, K. M.
Salimzadeh, Hamideh
Samaei, Mehrnoosh
Sanabria, Juan
Santric-Milicevic, Milena M.
Sathian, Brijesh
Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu
Schlaich, Markus P.
Seidu, Abdul-Aziz
Šekerija, Mario
Senthil Kumar, Nachimuthu
Seylani, Allen
Shaikh, Masood Ali
Shamshad, Hina
Shawon, Md Shajedur Rahman
Sheikhbahaei, Sara
Shetty, Jeevan K.
Shiri, Rahman
Shivakumar, K. M.
Shuval, Kerem
Singh, Jasvinder A.
Singh, Ambrish
Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich
Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna
Sofi-Mahmudi, Ahmad
Soheili, Amin
Sun, Jing
Szerencsés, Viktória
Szócska, Miklós
Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael
Tadbiri, Hooman
Tadesse, Eyayou Girma
Tariqujjaman, Md
Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman
Thapar, Rekha
Thomas, Nihal
Timalsina, Binod
Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan
Tonelli, Marcello
Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto
Tran, Bach Xuan
Tripathy, Jaya Prasad
Tudor Car, Lorainne
Tusa, Biruk Shalmeno
Uddin, Riaz
Upadhyay, Era
Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel
Valdez, Pascual R.
Vasankari, Tommi Juhani
Verma, Madhur
Villalobos-Daniel, Victor E.
Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch
Vo, Bay
Vu, Giang Thu
Vukovic, Rade
Waheed, Yasir
Wamai, Richard G.
Werdecker, Andrea
Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana
Winkler, Andrea Sylvia
Wubishet, Befikadu Legesse
Xu, Xiaoyue
Xu, Suowen
Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein
Yatsuya, Hiroshi
Yaya, Sanni
Yazie, Taklo Simeneh Yazie
Yi, Siyan
Yonemoto, Naohiro
Yunusa, Ismaeel
Zadey, Siddhesh
Zaman, Sojib Bin
Zamanian, Maryam
Zamora, Nelson
Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich
Zastrozhina, Anasthasia
Zhang, Zhi-Jiang
Zhong, Chenwen
Zmaili, Mohammad
Zumla, Alimuddin
Naghavi, Mohsen
Schmidt, Maria Inês
Duncan, Bruce B.
Stein, Caroline
Ong, Kanyin Liane
Vos, Theo
Abbafati, Cristiana
Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen
Abdelmasseh, Michael
Abdoli, Amir
Abd-Rabu, Rami
Abolhassani, Hassan
Abu-Gharbieh, Eman
Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou
Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah
Afzal, Muhammad Sohail
Agarwal, Gina
Agrawaal, Krishna K.
Agudelo-Botero, Marcela
Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku
Ahmad, Sajjad
Ahmad, Tauseef
Ahmadi, Keivan
Ahmadi, Sepideh
Ahmadi, Ali
Ahmed, Ali
Ahmed Salih, Yusra
Akande-Sholabi, Wuraola
Akram, Tayyaba
Al Hamad, Hanadi
Al-Aly, Ziyad
Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth
Alipour, Vahid
Aljunid, Syed Mohamed
Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.
Alvis-Guzman, Nelson
Amini, Saeed
Ancuceanu, Robert
Andrei, Tudorel
Andrei, Catalina Liliana
Anjana, Ranjit Mohan
Ansar, Adnan
Antonazzo, Ippazio Cosimo
Antony, Benny
Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward
Arabloo, Jalal
Arizmendi, Damian
Armocida, Benedetta
Artamonov, Anton A.
Arulappan, Judie
Aryan, Zahra
Asgari, Samaneh
Ashraf, Tahira
Astell-Burt, Thomas
Atorkey, Prince
Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi
Ayanore, Martin Amogre
Badiye, Ashish D.
Baig, Atif Amin
Bairwa, Mohan
Baker, Jennifer L.
Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin
Banik, Palash Chandra
Barnett, Anthony
Barone, Mark Thomaz Ugliara
Barone-Adesi, Francesco
Barrow, Amadou
Bedi, Neeraj
Belete, Rebuma
Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal
Bell, Arielle Wilder
Bennett, Derrick A.
Bensenor, Isabela M.
Beran, David
Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth
Bhaskar, Sonu
Bhattacharyya, Krittika
Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S.
Bijani, Ali
Bikbov, Boris
Birara, Setognal
Bodolica, Virginia
Bonny, Aime
Brenner, Hermann
Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich
Butt, Zahid A.
Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano
Cámera, Luis Alberto
Campos-Nonato, Ismael R.
Cao, Yin
Cao, Chao
Cerin, Ester
Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo
Chandan, Joht Singh
Chattu, Vijay Kumar
Chen, Simiao
Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine
Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan
Chowdhury, Enayet Karim
Chu, Dinh-Toi
Corso, Barbara
Dadras, Omid
Dai, Xiaochen
Damasceno, Albertino Antonio Moura
Dandona, Lalit
Dandona, Rakhi
Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto
De Neve, Jan-Walter
Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar
Dhamnetiya, Deepak
Diaz, Daniel
Ebtehaj, Sanam
Edinur, Hisham Atan
Eftekharzadeh, Sahar
El Sayed, Iman
Elgendy, Islam Y.
Elhadi, Muhammed
Elmonem, Mohamed A.
Faisaluddin, Mohammed
Farooque, Umar
Feng, Xiaoqi
Fernandes, Eduarda
Fischer, Florian
Flood, David
Freitas, Marisa
Gaal, Peter Andras
Gad, Mohamed M.
Gaewkhiew, Piyada
Getacher, Lemma
Ghafourifard, Mansour
Ghanei Gheshlagh, Reza
Ghashghaee, Ahmad
Ghith, Nermin
Ghozali, Ghozali
Gill, Paramjit Singh
Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed
Glushkova, Ekaterina Vladimirovna
Golechha, Mahaveer
Gopalani, Sameer Vali
Guimarães, Rafael Alves
Gupta, Rajat Das
Gupta, Rajeev
Gupta, Vivek Kumar
Gupta, Veer Bala
Gupta, Sapna
Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie
Hafezi-Nejad, Nima
Halwani, Rabih
Hanif, Asif
Hankey, Graeme J.
Haque, Shafiul
Hasaballah, Ahmed I.
Hasan, Syed Shahzad
Hashi, Abdiwahab
Hassanipour, Soheil
Hay, Simon I.
Hayat, Khezar
Heidari, Mohammad
Hossain, Mohammad Bellal Hossain
Hossain, Sahadat
Hosseini, Mostafa
Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh
Huang, Junjie
Humayun, Ayesha
Hussain, Rabia
Hwang, Bing-Fang
Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel
Ikuta, Kevin S.
Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja
Iqbal, Usman
Islam, Md Shariful
Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
Islam, Rakibul M.
Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah
Isola, Gaetano
Itumalla, Ramaiah
Iwagami, Masao
Iyamu, Ihoghosa Osamuyi
Jahani, Mohammad Ali
Jakovljevic, Mihajlo
Jayawardena, Ranil
Jha, Ravi Prakash
John, Oommen
Jonas, Jost B.
Joo, Tamas
Kabir, Ali
Kalhor, Rohollah
Kamath, Ashwin
Kanchan, Tanuj
Kandel, Himal
Kapoor, Neeti
Kayode, Gbenga A.
Kebede, Sewnet Adem
Keshavarz, Pedram
Keykhaei, Mohammad
Khader, Yousef Saleh
Khajuria, Himanshu
Khan, Moien A. B.
Khan, Md Nuruzzaman
Khan, Maseer
Khater, Amir M.
Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer
Khubchandani, Jagdish
Kim, Min Seo
Kim, Yun Jin
Kimokoti, Ruth W.
Kisa, Sezer
Kisa, Adnan
Kivimäki, Mika
Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich
Korzh, Oleksii
Koyanagi, Ai
Krishan, Kewal
Kuate Defo, Barthelemy
Kumar, G. Anil
Kumar, Nithin
Kusuma, Dian
La Vecchia, Carlo
Lacey, Ben
Larsson, Anders O.
Lasrado, Savita
Lee, Wei-Chen
Lee, Chiachi Bonnie
Lee, Paul H.
Lee, Shaun Wen Huey
Li, Ming-Chieh
Lim, Stephen S.
Lim, Lee-Ling
Lucchetti, Giancarlo
Majeed, Azeem
Malik, Ahmad Azam
Mansouri, Borhan
Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni
Martini, Santi
Mathur, Prashant
McAlinden, Colm
Mehedi, Nafiul
Mekonnen, Teferi
Menezes, Ritesh G.
Mersha, Amanual Getnet
Miao Jonasson, Junmei
Miazgowski, Tomasz
Michalek, Irmina Maria
Mirica, Andreea
Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.
Mirza, Agha Zeeshan
Mithra, Prasanna
Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah
Mohammadpourhodki, Reza
Mohammed, Arif
Mokdad, Ali H.
Molokhia, Mariam
Monasta, Lorenzo
Moni, Mohammad Ali
Moradpour, Farhad
Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah
Mostafavi, Ebrahim
Mueller, Ulrich Otto
Murray, Christopher J. L.
Mustafa, Ahmad
Nagel, Gabriele
Nangia, Vinay
Naqvi, Atta Abbas
Nayak, Biswa Prakash
Nazari, Javad
Ndejjo, Rawlance
Negoi, Ruxandra Irina
Neupane Kandel, Sandhya
Nguyen, Cuong Tat
Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi
Noubiap, Jean Jacques
Nowak, Christoph
Oancea, Bogdan
Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade
Oguntade, Ayodipupo Sikiru
Ojo, Temitope T.
Olagunju, Andrew T.
Onwujekwe, Obinna E.
Ortiz, Alberto
Owolabi, Mayowa O.
Palladino, Raffaele
Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra
Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R.
Pardhan, Shahina
Parekh, Tarang
Parvizi, Mojtaba
Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino
Perianayagam, Arokiasamy
Petcu, Ionela-Roxana
Pilania, Manju
Podder, Vivek
Polibin, Roman V.
Postma, Maarten J.
Prashant, Akila
Rabiee, Navid
Rabiee, Mohammad
Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa
Rahman, Muhammad Aziz
Rahman, Md Mosfequr
Rahman, Mosiur
Rahmawaty, Setyaningrum
Rajai, Nazanin
Ram, Pradhum
Rana, Juwel
Ranabhat, Kamal
Ranasinghe, Priyanga
Rao, Chythra R.
Rao, Satish
Rawaf, Salman
Rawaf, David Laith
Rawal, Lal
Renzaho, Andre M. N.
Rezaei, Nima
Rezapour, Aziz
Riahi, Seyed Mohammad
Ribeiro, Daniela
Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia
Roever, Leonardo
Rohloff, Peter
Rwegerera, Godfrey M.
Ryan, Paul MacDaragh
Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed
Sabour, Siamak
Saddik, Basema
Saeedi Moghaddam, Sahar
Sahebkar, Amirhossein
Sahoo, Harihar
Saif-Ur-Rahman, K. M.
Salimzadeh, Hamideh
Samaei, Mehrnoosh
Sanabria, Juan
Santric-Milicevic, Milena M.
Sathian, Brijesh
Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu
Schlaich, Markus P.
Seidu, Abdul-Aziz
Šekerija, Mario
Senthil Kumar, Nachimuthu
Seylani, Allen
Shaikh, Masood Ali
Shamshad, Hina
Shawon, Md Shajedur Rahman
Sheikhbahaei, Sara
Shetty, Jeevan K.
Shiri, Rahman
Shivakumar, K. M.
Shuval, Kerem
Singh, Jasvinder A.
Singh, Ambrish
Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich
Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna
Sofi-Mahmudi, Ahmad
Soheili, Amin
Sun, Jing
Szerencsés, Viktória
Szócska, Miklós
Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael
Tadbiri, Hooman
Tadesse, Eyayou Girma
Tariqujjaman, Md
Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman
Thapar, Rekha
Thomas, Nihal
Timalsina, Binod
Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan
Tonelli, Marcello
Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto
Tran, Bach Xuan
Tripathy, Jaya Prasad
Tudor Car, Lorainne
Tusa, Biruk Shalmeno
Uddin, Riaz
Upadhyay, Era
Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel
Valdez, Pascual R.
Vasankari, Tommi Juhani
Verma, Madhur
Villalobos-Daniel, Victor E.
Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch
Vo, Bay
Vu, Giang Thu
Vukovic, Rade
Waheed, Yasir
Wamai, Richard G.
Werdecker, Andrea
Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana
Winkler, Andrea Sylvia
Wubishet, Befikadu Legesse
Xu, Xiaoyue
Xu, Suowen
Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein
Yatsuya, Hiroshi
Yaya, Sanni
Yazie, Taklo Simeneh Yazie
Yi, Siyan
Yonemoto, Naohiro
Yunusa, Ismaeel
Zadey, Siddhesh
Zaman, Sojib Bin
Zamanian, Maryam
Zamora, Nelson
Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich
Zastrozhina, Anasthasia
Zhang, Zhi-Jiang
Zhong, Chenwen
Zmaili, Mohammad
Zumla, Alimuddin
Naghavi, Mohsen
Schmidt, Maria Inês
Abstract
Background
Diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, at younger ages can be a largely preventable cause of death with the correct health care and services. We aimed to evaluate diabetes mortality and trends at ages younger than 25 years globally using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019.
Methods
We used estimates of GBD 2019 to calculate international diabetes mortality at ages younger than 25 years in 1990 and 2019. Data sources for causes of death were obtained from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and other surveillance systems for 1990–2019. We estimated death rates for each location using the GBD Cause of Death Ensemble model. We analysed the association of age-standardised death rates per 100 000 population with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and a measure of universal health coverage (UHC) and described the variability within SDI quintiles. We present estimates with their 95% uncertainty intervals.
Findings
In 2019, 16 300 (95% uncertainty interval 14 200 to 18 900) global deaths due to diabetes (type 1 and 2 combined) occurred in people younger than 25 years and 73·7% (68·3 to 77·4) were classified as due to type 1 diabetes. The age-standardised death rate was 0·50 (0·44 to 0·58) per 100 000 population, and 15 900 (97·5%) of these deaths occurred in low to high-middle SDI countries. The rate was 0·13 (0·12 to 0·14) per 100 000 population in the high SDI quintile, 0·60 (0·51 to 0·70) per 100 000 population in the low-middle SDI quintile, and 0·71 (0·60 to 0·86) per 100 000 population in the low SDI quintile. Within SDI quintiles, we observed large variability in rates across countries, in part explained by the extent of UHC (r2=0·62). From 1990 to 2019, age-standardised death rates decreased globally by 17·0% (−28·4 to −2·9) for all diabetes, and by 21·0% (–33·0 to −5·9) when considering only type 1 diabetes. However, the low SDI quintile had the lowest decline for both all diabetes (−13·6% [–28·4 to 3·4]) and for type 1 diabetes (−13·6% [–29·3 to 8·9]).
Interpretation
Decreasing diabetes mortality at ages younger than 25 years remains an important challenge, especially in low and low-middle SDI countries. Inadequate diagnosis and treatment of diabetes is likely to be major contributor to these early deaths, highlighting the urgent need to provide better access to insulin and basic diabetes education and care. This mortality metric, derived from readily available and frequently updated GBD data, can help to monitor preventable diabetes-related deaths over time globally, aligned with the UN's Sustainable Development Targets, and serve as an indicator of the adequacy of basic diabetes care for type 1 and type 2 diabetes across nations.
Keywords
Date
2022
Type
Journal article
Journal
The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
Book
Volume
10
Issue
3
Page Range
177-192
Article Number
ACU Department
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
Collections
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
Published as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
License
CC BY 4.0
File Access
Open
Notes
© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).