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Exercise and 24-h glycemic control: Equal effects for all type 2 diabetes patients?
Van Dijk, Jan Willem Manders, Ralph J. F. Canfora, Emanuel E. van Mechelen, Willem Hartgens, Fred Stehouwer, Coen D. A. Van Loon, Luc J.C.
Van Dijk, Jan Willem
Manders, Ralph J. F.
Canfora, Emanuel E.
van Mechelen, Willem
Hartgens, Fred
Stehouwer, Coen D. A.
Van Loon, Luc J.C.
Abstract
VAN DIJK, J.-W., R. J. F. MANDERS, E. E. CANFORA, W. VAN MECHELEN, F. HARTGENS, C. D. A. STEHOUWER, and L. J. C. VAN LOON. Exercise and 24-h Glycemic Control: Equal Effects for All Type 2 Diabetes Patients? Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 628–635, 2013. Purpose: We assessed the effect of a single bout of moderate-intensity exercise on subsequent 24-h glycemic control in 60 type 2 diabetes patients. Moreover, we examined whether individual responses to exercise were related to subjects_ baseline characteristics, including age, body mass index, diabetes duration, exercise performance, medication, and HbA1c content. Methods: Sixty type 2 diabetes patients (insulin-treated, n = 23) participated in a randomized crossover experiment. Patients were studied on two occasions for 3 d under strict dietary standardization but otherwise free-living conditions. Parameters of glycemic control (means [95% confidence interval]) were assessed by continuous glucose monitoring over the 24-h period after a single bout of moderate-intensity endurance-type exercise or no exercise at all (control). Results: Type 2 diabetes patients experienced hyperglycemia (blood glucose 910 mmolILj1 ) for as much as 8:16 h:min (6:44 to 9:48 h:min) per day. The prevalence of hyperglycemia was reduced by 31% to 5:38 h:min (3:17 to 7:00 h:min) over the 24-h period after the exercise bout (P G 0.001). Moreover, exercise lowered average blood glucose concentrations by 0.9 mmolILj1 (0.7 to 1.2) and reduced glycemic variability (P G 0.05). The response to exercise showed considerable variation between subjects and correlated positively with HbA1c levels (r = 0.38, P G 0.01). Nevertheless, even well-controlled patients with an HbA1c level below 7.0% (n = 28) achieved a 28% reduction in the daily prevalence hyperglycemia after exercise (P G 0.01). Conclusions: A single bout of moderate-intensity exercise substantially improves glycemic control throughout the subsequent day in insulin- and non–insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients. Of all baseline characteristics, only subjects_ HbA1c level is related to the magnitude of response to exercise. Nevertheless, the present study demonstrates that even well-controlled patients benefit considerably from the blood glucose-lowering properties of daily exercise.
Keywords
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Exercise, Glycemic control, Postprandial, Hyperglycemia, Glycemic variability, Continuous Glucose monitoring
Date
2013
Type
Journal article
Journal
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
Book
Volume
45
Issue
4
Page Range
628-635
Article Number
ACU Department
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Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
License
File Access
Controlled