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The influence of levels of processing on recall from working memory and delayed recall tasks
Loaiza, Vanessa McCabe, David Youngblood, Jessie Rose, Nathan Myerson, Joel
Loaiza, Vanessa
McCabe, David
Youngblood, Jessie
Rose, Nathan
Myerson, Joel
Abstract
Recent research in working memory has highlighted the similarities involved in retrieval from complex span tasks and episodic memory tasks, suggesting that these tasks are influenced by similar memory processes. In the present article, the authors manipulated the level of processing engaged when studying to-be-remembered words during a reading span task (Experiment 1) and an operation span task (Experiment 2) in order to assess the role of retrieval from secondary memory during complex span tasks. Immediate recall from both span tasks was greater for items studied under deep processing instructions compared with items studied under shallow processing instructions regardless of trial length. Recall was better for deep than for shallow levels of processing on delayed recall tests as well. These data are consistent with the primary-secondary memory framework, which suggests that to-be-remembered items are displaced from primary memory (i.e., the focus of attention) during the processing phases of complex span tasks and therefore must be retrieved from secondary memory.
Keywords
Date
2011
Type
Journal article
Journal
Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory and Cognition
Book
Volume
37
Issue
5
Page Range
1258-1263
Article Number
ACU Department
Relation URI
DOI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
License
File Access
Controlled