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Comparing the effects of time-restricted eating on glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes with standard dietetic practice : A randomised controlled trial
Parr, Evelyn B. Radford, Bridget E. Hall, Rebecca C. Steventon-Lorenzen, Nikolai Flint, Steve A. Siviour, Zoe Plessas, Connie Halson, Shona L. Brennan, Leah Kouw, Imre W. K.
Parr, Evelyn B.
Radford, Bridget E.
Hall, Rebecca C.
Steventon-Lorenzen, Nikolai
Flint, Steve A.
Siviour, Zoe
Plessas, Connie
Halson, Shona L.
Brennan, Leah
Kouw, Imre W. K.
Abstract
Aims
To test the efficacy of time-restricted eating (TRE) in comparison to dietitian-led individualised dietary guidance to improve HbA1c in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods
In a parallel groups design, 51 adults (35–65 y) with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight/obesity (HbA1c ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol), BMI ≥25-≤40 kg/m2) commenced a six-month intervention. Following baseline, participants were randomised to TRE (1000–1900 h) or DIET (individualised dietetic guidance) with four consultations over four months. Changes in HbA1c (primary), body composition, and self-reported adherence (secondary) were analysed using linear mixed models. A non-inferiority margin of 0.3% (4 mmol/mol) HbA1c was set a prior.
Results
Forty-three participants (56 ± 8 y, BMI: 33 ± 5 kg/m2, HbA1c: 7.6 ± 0.8%) completed the intervention. HbA1c was reduced (P=0.002; TRE: −0.4% (−5 mmol/mol), DIET: −0.3% (−4 mmol/mol)) with no group or interaction effects; TRE was non-inferior to DIET (−0.11%, 95%CI: −0.50% to 0.28%). Body mass reduced in both groups (TRE: −1.7 kg; DIET: −1.2 kg) via ∼900 kJ/d spontaneous energy reduction (P<0.001). Self-reported adherence was higher in TRE versus DIET (P<0.001).
Conclusions
When individualised dietary guidance is not available, effective, and/or suitable, TRE may be an alternative dietary strategy to improve glycaemic control in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Keywords
blood glucose, HbA1c, dietitian, continuous glucose monitoring, eating window, chrono-nutrition
Date
2024
Type
Journal article
Journal
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Book
Volume
217
Issue
Page Range
1-10
Article Number
Article 111893
ACU Department
Centre for Exercise and Nutrition
Faculty of Health Sciences
School of Behavioural and Health Sciences
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Faculty of Health Sciences
School of Behavioural and Health Sciences
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
Published as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
License
CC BY-NC 4.0
File Access
Open
Notes
© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).