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Children’s transport built environments : A mixed methods study of associations between perceived and objective measures and relationships with parent licence for independent mobility in Auckland, New Zealand
Smith, Melody Amann, Rebecca Cavadino, Alana Raphael, Deborah Kearns, Robin Mackett, Roger Mackay, Lisa Carroll, Penelope Forsyth, Euan Mavoa, Suzanne
Smith, Melody
Amann, Rebecca
Cavadino, Alana
Raphael, Deborah
Kearns, Robin
Mackett, Roger
Mackay, Lisa
Carroll, Penelope
Forsyth, Euan
Mavoa, Suzanne
Abstract
Children’s independent mobility is declining internationally. Parents are the gatekeepers of children’s independent mobility. This mixed methods study investigates whether parent perceptions of the neighbourhood environment align with objective measures of the neighbourhood built environment, and how perceived and objective measures relate to parental licence for children’s independent mobility. Parents participating in the Neighbourhood for Active Kids study (n = 940) answered an open-ended question about what would make their neighbourhoods better for their child’s independent mobility, and reported household and child demographics. Objective measures of the neighbourhood built environment were generated using geographic information systems. Content analysis was used to classify and group parent-reported changes required to improve their neigbourhood. Parent-reported needs were then compared with objective neighbourhood built environment measures. Linear mixed modelling examined associations between parental licence for independent mobility and (1) parent neighbourhood perceptions; and (2) objectively assessed neighbourhood built environment features. Parents identified the need for safer traffic environments. No significant differences in parent reported needs were found by objectively assessed characteristics. Differences in odds of reporting needs were observed for a range of socio-demographic characteristics. Parental licence for independent mobility was only associated with a need for safer places to cycle (positive) and objectively assessed cycling infrastructure (negative) in adjusted models. Overall, the study findings indicate the importance of safer traffic environments for children’s independent mobility.
Keywords
traffic safety, walking, cycling, infrastructure, active travel, active transport
Date
2019
Type
Journal article
Journal
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Book
Volume
16
Issue
8
Page Range
1-22
Article Number
Article 1361
ACU Department
Collections
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
Published as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
License
CC BY 4.0
File Access
Open