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Emotion regulation and the temporal dynamics of emotions: Effects of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression on emotional inertia
Koval, Peter Butler, Emily A. Hollenstein, Tom Lanteigne, Dianna Kuppens, Peter
Koval, Peter
Butler, Emily A.
Hollenstein, Tom
Lanteigne, Dianna
Kuppens, Peter
Abstract
The tendency for emotions to be predictable over time, labelled emotional inertia, has been linked to low well-being and is thought to reflect impaired emotion regulation. However, almost no studies have examined how emotion regulation relates to emotional inertia. We examined the effects of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression on the inertia of behavioural, subjective and physiological measures of emotion. In Study 1 (N = 111), trait suppression was associated with higher inertia of negative behaviours. We replicated this finding experimentally in Study 2 (N = 186). Furthermore, in Study 2, instructed suppressors and reappraisers both showed higher inertia of positive behaviours, and reappraisers displayed higher inertia of heart rate. Neither suppression nor reappraisal were associated with the inertia of subjective feelings in either study. Thus, the effects of suppression and reappraisal on the temporal dynamics of emotions depend on the valence and emotional response component in question.
Keywords
emotional inertia, emotion dynamics, emotion regulation, cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression
Date
2015
Type
Journal article
Journal
Cognition and Emotion
Book
Volume
29
Issue
5
Page Range
831-851
Article Number
ACU Department
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
License
File Access
Controlled