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Establishing the reliability of a novel battery of range of motion tests to enable evidence-based classification in Para Swimming
Nicholson, Vaughan P. Spathis, Jemima G. Hogarth, Luke W. Connick, Mark J. Beckman, Emma M. Tweedy, Sean M. Payton, Carl J. Burkett, Brendan J.
Nicholson, Vaughan P.
Spathis, Jemima G.
Hogarth, Luke W.
Connick, Mark J.
Beckman, Emma M.
Tweedy, Sean M.
Payton, Carl J.
Burkett, Brendan J.
Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the reliability of swimming-specific range of movement tests developed in order to permit evidenced-based classification in the sport of para swimming.
Design
Test-retest intra- and inter-examiner reliability.
Setting
International Swimming training camps and university exercise science departments.
Participants
42 non-disabled participants (mean age 23.2 years) and 24 Para swimmers (mean age 28.5 years).
Main outcome measures
Intra- and inter-examiner reliability of a battery of novel active range of motion tests.
Results
Good to excellent intra-examiner reliability was found for the majority (32/34) of tests in non-disabled participants (ICC = 0.85–0.98). SEM values ranged from 1.18° to 6.11°. Similarly, good to excellent inter-examiner reliability was found for the majority (35/42) of tests in non-disabled participants (ICC = 0.85–0.98). SEM values range from 0.73° to 6.52°. Para swimmers exhibited significantly reduced range of motion compared to non-disabled participants.
Conclusions
The large majority of ROM tests included in this novel battery were reliable both within and between examiners in non-disabled participants. The tests were found to differentiate between non-disabled participants and Para swimmers with hypertonia or impaired muscle power.
Keywords
swimming, shoulder, hip, inclinometer, disability
Date
2018
Type
Journal article
Journal
Physical Therapy in Sport
Book
Volume
32
Issue
Page Range
34-41
Article Number
ACU Department
School of Allied Health
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
Collections
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
Published as green open access
License
File Access
Open
Controlled
Controlled