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Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: An analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy
Lee, I-Min Shiroma, Eric J. Lobelo, Felipe Puska, Pekka Blair, Steven N. Katzmarzyk, Peter T. Alkandari, Jasem R. Andersen, Lars Bo Bauman, Adrian Brownson, Ross C.
Lee, I-Min
Shiroma, Eric J.
Lobelo, Felipe
Puska, Pekka
Blair, Steven N.
Katzmarzyk, Peter T.
Alkandari, Jasem R.
Andersen, Lars Bo
Bauman, Adrian
Brownson, Ross C.
Author
Lee, I-Min
Shiroma, Eric J.
Lobelo, Felipe
Puska, Pekka
Blair, Steven N.
Katzmarzyk, Peter T.
Alkandari, Jasem R.
Andersen, Lars Bo
Bauman, Adrian
Brownson, Ross C.
Bull, Fiona C.
Craig, Cora L.
Ekelund, Ulf
Goenka, Shifalika
Guthold, Regina
Hallal, Pedro C.
Haskell, William L.
Heath, Gregory W.
Inoue, Shigeru
Kahlmeier, Sonja
Kohl, Harold W.
Lambert, Estelle V.
Leetongin, Grit
Loos, Ruth J. F.
Marcus, Bess
Martin, Brian W.
Owen, Neville
Parra, Diana C.
Pratt, Michael
Ogilvie, David
Reis, Rodrigo
Sallis, James F.
Sarmiento, Olga
Wells, Jonathan C.
Shiroma, Eric J.
Lobelo, Felipe
Puska, Pekka
Blair, Steven N.
Katzmarzyk, Peter T.
Alkandari, Jasem R.
Andersen, Lars Bo
Bauman, Adrian
Brownson, Ross C.
Bull, Fiona C.
Craig, Cora L.
Ekelund, Ulf
Goenka, Shifalika
Guthold, Regina
Hallal, Pedro C.
Haskell, William L.
Heath, Gregory W.
Inoue, Shigeru
Kahlmeier, Sonja
Kohl, Harold W.
Lambert, Estelle V.
Leetongin, Grit
Loos, Ruth J. F.
Marcus, Bess
Martin, Brian W.
Owen, Neville
Parra, Diana C.
Pratt, Michael
Ogilvie, David
Reis, Rodrigo
Sallis, James F.
Sarmiento, Olga
Wells, Jonathan C.
Abstract
Background: Strong evidence shows that physical inactivity increases the risk of many adverse health conditions, including major non-communicable diseases such as coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and breast and colon cancers, and shortens life expectancy. Because much of the world's population is inactive, this link presents a major public health issue. We aimed to quantify the effect of physical inactivity on these major non-communicable diseases by estimating how much disease could be averted if inactive people were to become active and to estimate gain in life expectancy at the population level. Methods: For our analysis of burden of disease, we calculated population attributable fractions (PAFs) associated with physical inactivity using conservative assumptions for each of the major non-communicable diseases, by country, to estimate how much disease could be averted if physical inactivity were eliminated. We used life-table analysis to estimate gains in life expectancy of the population. Findings: Worldwide, we estimate that physical inactivity causes 6% (ranging from 3·2% in southeast Asia to 7·8% in the eastern Mediterranean region) of the burden of disease from coronary heart disease, 7% (3·9–9·6) of type 2 diabetes, 10% (5·6–14·1) of breast cancer, and 10% (5·7–13·8) of colon cancer. Inactivity causes 9% (range 5·1–12·5) of premature mortality, or more than 5·3 million of the 57 million deaths that occurred worldwide in 2008. If inactivity were not eliminated, but decreased instead by 10% or 25%, more than 533 000 and more than 1·3 million deaths, respectively, could be averted every year. We estimated that elimination of physical inactivity would increase the life expectancy of the world's population by 0·68 (range 0·41–0·95) years. Interpretation: Physical inactivity has a major health effect worldwide. Decrease in or removal of this unhealthy behaviour could improve health substantially.
Keywords
Date
2012
Type
Journal article
Journal
The Lancet
Book
Volume
380
Issue
9838
Page Range
219-229
Article Number
ACU Department
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
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Open Access Status
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Controlled