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Impact of the Nordic hamstring and hip extension exercises on hamstring architecture and morphology: Implications for injury prevention
Bourne, Matthew N. Duhig, Steven J. Timmins, Ryan Williams, Morgan Opar, David Najjar, Aiman Al Kerr, Graham K. Shield, Anthony J.
Bourne, Matthew N.
Duhig, Steven J.
Timmins, Ryan
Williams, Morgan
Opar, David
Najjar, Aiman Al
Kerr, Graham K.
Shield, Anthony J.
Abstract
Background: The architectural and morphological adaptations of the hamstrings in response to training with different exercises have not been explored.
Purpose: To evaluate changes in biceps femoris long head ( BFLH ) fascicle length and hamstring muscle size following 10-weeks of Nordic hamstring exercise ( NHE ) or hip extension ( HE ) training.
Methods: 30 recreationally active male athletes ( age, 22.0±3.6 years; height, 180.4±7 cm; weight, 80.8±11.1 kg ) were allocated to 1 of 3 groups: ( 1 ) HE training ( n=10 ), NHE training ( n=10 ), or no training ( control, CON ) ( n=10 ). BFLH fascicle length was assessed before, during ( Week 5 ) and after the intervention with a two-dimensional ultrasound. Hamstring muscle size was determined before and after training via MRI.
Results: Compared with baseline, BFLH fascicles were lengthened in the NHE and HE groups at mid-training ( d=1.12–1.39, p < 0.001 ) and post-training ( d=1.77–2.17, p < 0.001 ) and these changes did not differ significantly between exercises ( d=0.49–0.80, p=0.279–0.976 ). BFLHvolume increased more for the HE than the NHE ( d=1.03, p=0.037 ) and CON ( d=2.24, p < 0.001 ) groups. Compared with the CON group, both exercises induced significant increases in semitendinosus volume ( d=2.16–2.50, ≤0.002 ) and these increases were not significantly different ( d=0.69, p=0.239 ).
Conclusion: NHE and HE training both stimulate significant increases in BFLH fascicle length; however, HE training may be more effective for promoting hypertrophy in the BFLH.
Keywords
Date
2017
Type
Journal article
Journal
British Journal of Sports Medicine
Book
Volume
51
Issue
5
Page Range
469-477
Article Number
ACU Department
School of Behavioural and Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
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Open Access Status
Published as green open access
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File Access
Open
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Controlled
Open
Open
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Open
Controlled
Open
Open