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Factors influencing the presence of peripheral arterial disease among Thai patients with type 2 diabetes
Wongkongkam, Kessiri Thosingha, Orapan Riegel, Barbara Utriyaprasit, Ketsarin Ruangsetakit, Chanean Viwatwongkasem, Chukiat
Wongkongkam, Kessiri
Thosingha, Orapan
Riegel, Barbara
Utriyaprasit, Ketsarin
Ruangsetakit, Chanean
Viwatwongkasem, Chukiat
Abstract
Background: Little is known about factors predicting peripheral arterial disease (PAD) development in Thai type 2 diabetes patients. This study aims to identify factors related to PAD in type 2 diabetes and the best predictors for PAD development. Methods and results: A case-control study was conducted in which 405 type 2 diabetes patients were recruited from four tertiary care hospitals in Bangkok, Thailand. Cases were type 2 diabetes patients with PAD who were compared to those without PAD. An ankle-brachial index (ABI) < 0.9 was used for PAD diagnosis. An ABI between 0.91 and 1.30 was used to define those without PAD. Demographic characteristics, the diabetes self-care activities score and chief complaints were measured. Thai type 2 diabetes patients with PAD were older (65.45 ± 12.2 years), had no formal schooling, and were more likely to be a local vendor than those without PAD (p < 0.05). Type 2 diabetes patients with PAD had diabetes longer than those without PAD (p < 0.05). Hypertension, coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease were significantly more common in type 2 diabetes patients with PAD than those without PAD (p < 0.05). Age > 70 years, having coronary heart disease as a comorbid illness, and having a body mass index of 25–29.9 kg/m2 were predictive for PAD development (all p < 0.05). These three variables explained 12.3% of the variance in the incidence of PAD among type 2 diabetes patients. The demographic and clinical factors were the best predictors for PAD development. Conclusion: Thai type 2 diabetes patients who are elderly, have coronary heart disease as a comorbid condition, or have a normal weight should be considered at risk for PAD development.
Keywords
peripheral arterial disease, predictive factors, type 2 diabetes
Date
2012
Type
Journal article
Journal
European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
Book
Volume
11
Issue
1
Page Range
70-76
Article Number
ACU Department
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
Collections
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
License
File Access
Controlled