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Effect of acute and short-term dietary fat ingestion on postprandial skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates in middle-aged, overweight and obese men
Tsintzas, Kostas Jones, Robert Pabla, Pardeep Mallinson, Joanne Barrett, David A. Kim, Dong-Hyun Cooper, Scott Davies, Amanda Taylor, Tariq Chee, Carolyn
Tsintzas, Kostas
Jones, Robert
Pabla, Pardeep
Mallinson, Joanne
Barrett, David A.
Kim, Dong-Hyun
Cooper, Scott
Davies, Amanda
Taylor, Tariq
Chee, Carolyn
Abstract
Muscle anabolic resistance to dietary protein is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. However, the contribution of excess consumption of fat to anabolic resistance is not well studied. The aim of these studies was to test the hypothesis that acute and short-term dietary fat overload will impair the skeletal muscle protein synthetic response to dietary protein ingestion. Eight overweight/obese men [46.4 ± 1.4 yr, body mass index (BMI) 32.3 ± 5.4 kg/m2] participated in the acute feeding study, which consisted of two randomized crossover trials. On each occasion, subjects ingested an oral meal (with and without fat emulsion), 4 h before the coingestion of milk protein, intrinsically labeled with [1-13C]phenylalanine, and dextrose. Nine overweight/obese men (44.0 ± 1.7 yr, BMI 30.1 ± 1.1 kg/m2) participated in the chronic study, which consisted of a baseline, 1-wk isocaloric diet, followed by a 2-wk high-fat diet (+25% energy excess). Acutely, incorporation of dietary amino acids into the skeletal muscle was twofold higher (P < 0.05) in the lipid trial compared with control. There was no effect of prior lipid ingestion on indices of insulin sensitivity (muscle glucose uptake, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity, and Akt phosphorylation) in response to the protein/dextrose drink. Fat overfeeding had no effect on muscle protein synthesis or glucose disposal in response to whey protein ingestion, despite increased muscle diacylglycerol C16:0 (P = 0.06) and ceramide C16:0 (P < 0.01) levels. Neither acute nor short-term dietary fat overload has a detrimental effect on the skeletal muscle protein synthetic response to dietary protein ingestion in overweight/obese men, suggesting that dietary-induced accumulation of intramuscular lipids per se is not associated with anabolic resistance.
Keywords
dietary fat, intramuscular lipids, obesity, postprandial period, skeletal muscle protein synthesis
Date
2020
Type
Journal article
Journal
American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism
Book
Volume
318
Issue
3
Page Range
E417-E429
Article Number
ACU Department
Centre for Exercise and Nutrition
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
Collections
Relation URI
Source URL
Event URL
Open Access Status
Published as green open access
License
File Access
Controlled
Open
Open