Dose-dependent increases in whole-body net protein balance and dietary protein-derived amino acid incorporation into myofibrillar protein during recovery from resistance exercise in older men

Journal article


Holwerda, Andrew M., Paulussen, Kevin J. M., Overkamp, Maarten, Goessens, Joy P. B., Kramer, Irene Fleur, Wodzig, Will K. W. H., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.. (2019). Dose-dependent increases in whole-body net protein balance and dietary protein-derived amino acid incorporation into myofibrillar protein during recovery from resistance exercise in older men. The Journal of Nutrition. 149(2), pp. 221 - 230. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy263
AuthorsHolwerda, Andrew M., Paulussen, Kevin J. M., Overkamp, Maarten, Goessens, Joy P. B., Kramer, Irene Fleur, Wodzig, Will K. W. H., Verdijk, Lex B. and van Loon, Luc J. C.
Abstract

Background Age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass is at least partly attributed to anabolic resistance to food intake. Resistance exercise sensitizes skeletal muscle tissue to the anabolic properties of amino acids. Objective The present study assessed protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics, whole-body protein balance, and the myofibrillar protein synthetic response to ingestion of different amounts of protein during recovery from resistance exercise in older men. Methods Forty-eight healthy older men [mean ± SEM age: 66 ± 1 y; body mass index (kg/m2): 25.4 ± 0.3] were randomly assigned to ingest 0, 15, 30, or 45 g milk protein concentrate after a single bout of resistance exercise consisting of 4 sets of 10 repetitions of leg press and leg extension and 2 sets of 10 repetitions of lateral pulldown and chest press performed at 75–80% 1-repetition maximum. Postprandial protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics, whole-body protein metabolism, and myofibrillar protein synthesis rates were assessed using primed, continuous infusions of L-[ring-2H5]-phenylalanine, L-[ring-2H2]-tyrosine, and L-[1-13C]-leucine combined with ingestion of intrinsically L-[1-13C]-phenylalanine and L-[1-13C]-leucine labeled protein. Results Whole-body net protein balance showed a dose-dependent increase after ingestion of 0, 15, 30, or 45 g of protein (0.015 ± 0.002, 0.108 ± 0.004, 0.162 ± 0.008, and 0.215 ± 0.009 μmol Phe · kg−1 · min−1, respectively; P < 0.001). Myofibrillar protein synthesis rates were higher after ingesting 30 (0.0951% ± 0.0062%/h, P = 0.07) or 45 g of protein (0.0970% ± 0.0062%/h, P < 0.05) than after 0 g (0.0746% ± 0.0051%/h). Incorporation of dietary protein–derived amino acids (L-[1-13C]-phenylalanine) into de novo myofibrillar protein showed a dose-dependent increase after ingestion of 15, 30, or 45 g protein (0.0171 ± 0.0017, 0.0296 ± 0.0030, and 0.0397 ± 0.0026 mole percentage excess, respectively; P < 0.05). Conclusions Dietary protein ingested during recovery from resistance exercise is rapidly digested and absorbed. Whole-body net protein balance and dietary protein-derived amino acid incorporation into myofibrillar protein show dose-dependent increases. Ingestion of ≥30 g protein increases postexercise myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in older men. This trial was registered at Nederlands Trial Register as NTR4492.

Keywordsmuscle protein synthesis; sarcopenia; dietary protein; exercise; dose response
Year2019
JournalThe Journal of Nutrition
Journal citation149 (2), pp. 221 - 230
PublisherOxford University Press
ISSN0022-3166
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy263
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85062278933
Open accessOpen access
Page range221 - 230
Research GroupMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Publisher's version
License
Place of publicationUnited States of America
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https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/86zy8/dose-dependent-increases-in-whole-body-net-protein-balance-and-dietary-protein-derived-amino-acid-incorporation-into-myofibrillar-protein-during-recovery-from-resistance-exercise-in-older-men

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