John 15.14 and the ΦΙΛ- Lexeme in light of numismatic evidence : Friendship or obedience?
Journal article
Theophilos, Michael P.. (2018). John 15.14 and the ΦΙΛ- Lexeme in light of numismatic evidence : Friendship or obedience? New Testament Studies. 64(1), pp. 33-43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0028688517000285
Authors | Theophilos, Michael P. |
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Abstract | Commentators regularly note the alleged tension in John 15 between ‘friendship’ and ‘obedience’. This article employs numismatic inscriptional evidence to explore the ΦΙΛ- lexeme and more carefully denote the semantic domains of relevant terminology. This analysis confirms that no such tension exists within the socio-political context in which the Gospel was written. The inclusion of specific political terminology on Roman coins (for example, ΦΙΛΙΑ; ΦΙΛΟΚΑΙΣΑΡ; ΦΙΛΟΚΛΑΥΔΙΟΣ; ΦΙΛΟΡΩΜΑΙΟΣ; ΦΙΛΟΣΕΒΑΣΤΩΝ) was one way in which elite concepts of political friendship, evidenced in Cicero and Seneca, were communicated to the masses. In light of the numismatic evidence, the ΦΙΛ- lexeme can refer not only to the emotional bond of friendship, but also the dimension of obligation. |
Keywords | John 15.14; friendship; friend of Caesar; numismatics; Roman coins; lexicography |
Year | 2018 |
Journal | New Testament Studies |
Journal citation | 64 (1), pp. 33-43 |
Publisher | Cambridge University Press |
ISSN | 0028-6885 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1017/S0028688517000285 |
Scopus EID | 2-s2.0-85038901787 |
Research or scholarly | Research |
Page range | 33-43 |
Publisher's version | License All rights reserved File Access Level Controlled |
Output status | Published |
Publication dates | |
Online | 08 Dec 2017 |
Publication process dates | |
Deposited | 03 Jun 2021 |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8w253/john-15-14-and-the-lexeme-in-light-of-numismatic-evidence-friendship-or-obedience
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