Functional variability enhances performance in self-paced tasks : An ecological dynamics approach

Theoretical explanations for the performance of self-regulating actions relate to information processing and motor programming, and ecological dynamics. Information processing theories suggest that, with practice, performance automaticity increases, variability decreases, and task information becomes less important. Additional sources of variability, including ball properties (i.e., dry or wet), and the surface (i.e., firm, soft, muddy), air pressure and moisture, and wind (i.e., direction and strength), also impact kicking performance. The timing and extent of such movements are adjusted to Fred's performance; an exaggerated movement or the opponent wearing a bright color are ways to facilitate Fred's perception of this affordance. After each trial, the player serving can work with the coach to reflect on the appropriateness of the serve. From an ecological dynamics rationale, practicing self-paced tasks like the long jump, tennis serve, or set shot in Australian rules football, should not be treated as a rehearsal or mindless repetition for “automaticity”.

© 2022 selection and editorial matter, Ronnie Lidor and Gal Ziv; individual chapters, the contributors.